Term IRI Term label Parent term IRI Parent term label Alternative term Definition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020 characteristic A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality A quality which inheres in a continuant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001404 nucleate quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001396 cellular quality A cellular quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of bearer's number of nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001405 anucleate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001404 nucleate quality A nucleate quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having no nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001406 binucleate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001908 multinucleate A nucleate quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having two nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001407 mononucleate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002505 nucleated A nucleate quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having one nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001908 multinucleate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002505 nucleated A nucleate quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having more than one nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001992 cellularity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001995 organismal quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's consisting cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001993 multicellular http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001992 cellularity A cellularity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's consisting of more than one cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002505 nucleated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001404 nucleate quality A nucleate quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having one or more nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001 entity An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001 entity An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017 realizable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020 characteristic A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020 characteristic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000023 role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017 realizable A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031 generically dependent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000078 curation status specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000102 data about an ontology part The curation status of the term. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000102 data about an ontology part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000027 data item Data about an ontology part is a data item about a part of an ontology, for example a term http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000225 obsolescence reason specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000102 data about an ontology part The reason for which a term has been deprecated. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000409 denotator type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000102 data about an ontology part A denotator type indicates how a term should be interpreted from an ontological perspective. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001396 cellular quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070044 anatomical structure quality A monadic quality of continuant that exists at the cellular level of organisation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001995 organismal quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality A quality that inheres in an entire organism or part of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure A material entity of anatomical origin (part of or deriving from an organism) that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000225 anucleate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell that lacks a nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000226 single nucleate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002242 nucleate cell A cell with a single nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000228 multinucleate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002242 nucleate cell A cell with more than one nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002242 nucleate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell containing at least one nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000680 very late organogenesis stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent very late organogenesis stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000690 mesenchyme blastula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent mesenchyme blastula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005575 cellular_component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity A location, relative to cellular compartments and structures, occupied by a macromolecular machine. There are three types of cellular components described in the gene ontology: (1) the cellular anatomical entity where a gene product carries out a molecular function (e.g., plasma membrane, cytoskeleton) or membrane-enclosed compartments (e.g., mitochondrion); (2) virion components, where viral proteins act, and (3) the stable macromolecular complexes of which gene product are parts (e.g., the clathrin complex). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005635 nuclear envelope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031967 organelle envelope The double lipid bilayer enclosing the nucleus and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space, a gap of width 20-40 nm (also called the perinuclear space). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005938 cell cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005737 cytoplasm The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0012505 endomembrane system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A collection of membranous structures involved in transport within the cell. The main components of the endomembrane system are endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, vesicles, cell membrane and nuclear envelope. Members of the endomembrane system pass materials through each other or though the use of vesicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020 membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it and attached to it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031965 nuclear membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031090 organelle membrane Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the nucleus and form the nuclear envelope; excludes the intermembrane space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031967 organelle envelope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031975 envelope A double membrane structure enclosing an organelle, including two lipid bilayers and the region between them. In some cases, an organelle envelope may have more than two membranes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043231 intracellular membrane-bounded organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043229 intracellular organelle Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071944 cell periphery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The broad region around and including the plasma membrane of a cell, encompassing the cell cortex (inside the cell), the plasma membrane, and any external encapsulating structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099568 cytoplasmic region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005737 cytoplasm Any (proper) part of the cytoplasm of a single cell of sufficient size to still be considered cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000000 processual entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent An occurrent [span:Occurrent] that exists in time by occurring or happening, has temporal parts and always involves and depends on some entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity Material anatomical entity that is a single connected structure with inherent 3D shape generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000066 fully formed stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage The stage of development at which the animal is fully formed, including immaturity and maturity. Includes both sexually immature stage, and adult stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000068 embryo stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage A life cycle stage that starts with fertilization and ends with the fully formed embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000071 death stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage End of the life of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000092 post-embryonic stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage Stage succeeding embryo, including mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000104 life cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000000 processual entity An entire span of an organism's life. In metazoans, commences with the zygote stage and ends with the death of the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000000 processual entity A spatiotemporal region encompassing some part of the life cycle of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000106 zygote stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage A stage at which the organism is a single cell produced by means of sexual reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000111 organogenesis stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage A stage at which the ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm develop into the internal organs of the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity Anatomical entity that has mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468 multicellular organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species and consists of more than one cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000922 embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468 multicellular organism Anatomical entity that comprises the organism in the early stages of growth and differentiation that are characterized by cleavage, the laying down of fundamental tissues, and the formation of primitive organs and organ systems. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of the parent plant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009953 post-embryonic organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468 multicellular organism A multicellular organism that existence_starts_with a post-embryonic stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure An anatomical structure that has more than one cell as a part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Any structure that is placed on one side of the left-right axis of a bilaterian. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003674 gene product or complex activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process A molecular process that can be carried out by the action of a single macromolecular machine, usually via direct physical interactions with other molecular entities. Function in this sense denotes an action, or activity, that a gene product (or a complex) performs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003824 catalytic activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003674 gene product or complex activity Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005622 intracellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A component of a cell contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005634 nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043231 intracellular membrane-bounded organelle A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005737 cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005773 vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043231 intracellular membrane-bounded organelle A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. Cells contain one or several vacuoles, that may have different functions from each other. Vacuoles have a diverse array of functions. They can act as a storage organelle for nutrients or waste products, as a degradative compartment, as a cost-effective way of increasing cell size, and as a homeostatic regulator controlling both turgor pressure and pH of the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005886 plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020 membrane The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007275 multicellular organism development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process A biological process is the execution of a genetically-encoded biological module or program. It consists of all the steps required to achieve the specific biological objective of the module. A biological process is accomplished by a particular set of molecular functions carried out by specific gene products (or macromolecular complexes), often in a highly regulated manner and in a particular temporal sequence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009791 post-embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the organism over time, from the completion of embryonic development to the mature structure. See embryonic development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016301 kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016772 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016740 transferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003824 catalytic activity Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048869 cellular developmental process The cellular developmental process in which a relatively unspecialized cell, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cell, acquires specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize a specific cell. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process Any biological process, occurring at the level of a multicellular organism, pertinent to its function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, and prokaryotic structures such as anammoxosomes and pirellulosomes. Excludes the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048869 cellular developmental process The cellular developmental process in which a specific cell progresses from an immature to a mature state. Cell development start once cell commitment has taken place. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development Development of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an anatomical structure from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048869 cellular developmental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cell over time from an initial condition to a later condition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031975 envelope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A multilayered structure surrounding all or part of a cell; encompasses one or more lipid bilayers, and may include a cell wall layer; also includes the space between layers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043227 membrane-bounded organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099738 cell cortex region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099568 cytoplasmic region The complete extent of cell cortex that underlies some some region of the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043229 intracellular organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011115 precursor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell that, by division or terminal differentiation, can give rise to other cell types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000000 anatomical entity A part of a cellular organism that is either an immaterial entity or a material entity with granularity above the level of a protein complex but below that of an anatomical system. Or, a substance produced by a cellular organism with granularity above the level of a protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070044 anatomical structure quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality A quality of continuant that exist at the anatomical level of organisation and anything under it. This includes, but is not limited to, cells , tissues, and components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009790 embryo development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007275 multicellular organism development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an embryo from its formation until the end of its embryonic life stage. The end of the embryonic stage is organism-specific. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of the parent plant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016772 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016740 transferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031090 organelle membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020 membrane A membrane that is one of the two lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope or the outermost membrane of single membrane bound organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098590 plasma membrane region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020 membrane A membrane that is a (regional) part of the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000610 open mouth stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent open mouth stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000620 early prism stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent early prism stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000630 late prism stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent late prism stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000640 early pluteus stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent early pluteus stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000650 early organogenesis stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent early organogenesis stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000660 mid-organogenesis stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent mid-organogenesis stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000670 late organogenesis stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent late organogenesis stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107560 embryonic territory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region A population of embryonic cells that share a common developmental fate or program of gene expression and comprising a region that lacks clear morphological boundaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107570 adult organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103560 multicellular organism A multicellular organism that existence_ends_with a post-juvenile adult stage and existence_starts_with a post-juvenile adult stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107580 embryonic muscular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103770 muscular system The muscle system of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107590 extracellular matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104270 acellular membrane A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support, biochemical or biomechanical cues for cells or tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107600 blastomere of 8-cell embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104630 blastomere A blastomere of an 8-cell embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107610 blastomere of 16-cell embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104630 blastomere A blastomere of a 16-cell embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107620 presumptive animal pole domain neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104740 presumptive neuron A cell that will develop into a neuron of the animal pole domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107630 presumptive ectoderm neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104740 presumptive neuron An ectodermal cell that will develop into a neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107640 presumptive ciliary band neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104740 presumptive neuron A cell that will develop into a neuron of the ciliary band. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107650 presumptive endoderm-associated neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104740 presumptive neuron An endodermal cell that will develop into a neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107660 postoral neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104790 neuron A neuron located near the base of an oral arm and outside the ciliary band. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107670 presumptive postoral neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104740 presumptive neuron A cell that will give rise to a postoral neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107680 synaptotagmin-B-expressing neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104790 neuron A neuron that produces the synaptotagmin-B protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107690 nitric oxide synthase-expressing neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104790 neuron A neuron that produces the nitric oxide synthase protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107700 cholinergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104790 neuron A neuron that uses acetylcholine as a vesicular neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107710 catecholaminergic/cholinergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104790 neuron A neuron that uses both acetylcholine and catecholamines as vesicular neurotransmitters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107720 endoderm-associated neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104800 larval neuron A neuron derived from endoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107730 lateral ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104930 ganglion One of two bilateral ganglia that arise in the oral ectoderm near the ciliary band. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107740 right lateral ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107730 lateral ganglion The lateral ganglion that forms on the right side of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107750 left lateral ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107730 lateral ganglion The lateral ganglion that forms on the left side of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107760 presumptive ventral ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107560 embryonic territory The part of the blastula that will give rise to ventral ectoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107770 presumptive dorsal ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107560 embryonic territory The part of the blastula that will give rise to dorsal ectoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107780 anterior neuroectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107560 embryonic territory A dynamic terriritory within the prospective ectoderm of the early embryo, located at the anterior (animal) end of the embryo and shaped by Wnt signaling, that contains cells with neurogenic potential. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107790 equatorial ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region A dynamic territory within the prospective ectoderm of the early embryo, located between the anterior neuroectoderm and the endomesoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107800 inner anterior neuroectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region The innermost part of the anterior neuroectoderm, immediately surrounding the animal pole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107810 outer anterior neuroectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region A torus shaped region comprising the outer part of the anterior neuroectoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107820 central ventral ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107560 embryonic territory A region of the ectoderm derived from the animal hemisphere (i.e., mesomere descendants) and located just above the equator on the ventral side of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107830 near apical ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107560 embryonic territory A region of the ectoderm derived from the animal hemisphere (i.e., mesomere descendants) and located between the central ventral ectoderm and the animal pole domain on the ventral side of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107840 lateral border ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107560 embryonic territory A region of border ectoderm located on a lateral surface of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107850 ventral border ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107560 embryonic territory A region of border ectoderm located on the ventral side of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107860 dorsal border ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107560 embryonic territory A region of border ectoderm located on the dorsal side of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107870 animal lateral ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region A region of ectoderm derived from the animal hemisphere and located laterally at the boundary between hte ventral and dorsal ectoderm; this region overlaps with part of the prospective ciliary band. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107880 right animal lateral ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105320 lateral ectoderm The animal lateral ectoderm on the right side of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107890 left animal lateral ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105320 lateral ectoderm The animal lateral ectoderm on the left side of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107900 postoral arm tip ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region A portion of the ectoderm located at the tip of a postoral arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107910 right postoral arm tip ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region A portion of the ectoderm located at the tip of the right postoral arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107920 left postoral arm tip ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region A portion of the ectoderm located at the tip of the left postoral arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107930 presumptive ciliary band http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107560 embryonic territory The cells that will give rise to the ciliary band. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107940 arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure An elongated extension of the embryo on the ventral side, supported by a simple or fenestrated skeletal rod and often covered in part by a ciliary band. Arms develop in bilaterally symmetrical pairs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107950 anterolateral arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107940 arm A type of arm that projects from the oral hood; forms after the postoral arms appear and prior to the appearance of the preoral and posterodorsal arms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107960 postoral arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107940 arm A type of arm that forms between the equator and the posterior pole, near the position of the skeletal rudiment; the first type of arm to appear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107970 anterolateral rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod A rod that forms by the branching or pronounced curving of the anterior tip of a dorsoventral connecting rod and that projects ventrally from the oral hood, supporting an anterolateral arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107980 postoral rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod A rod that forms by the branching of the anonymous rod and projects ventrally, supporting a postoral arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107990 dorsoventral connecting rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod A rod that initially forms as one of the three arms of the embryonic triradiate spicule rudiment; this rod extends toward the animal pole before branching or curving to form the anterolateral rod and, in some species, the recurrent rod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108000 ventral transverse rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod A rod that initially forms as one of the three arms of the embryonic triradiate spicule rudiment; this rod projects toward the ventral midline and ceases growth early in development without branching. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108010 distal tip of body rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104060 skeletal element The growing tip of the body rod as it extends dorsally. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108020 distal tip of right body rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105868 posterior tip of body rod The distal tip of the body rod that forms on the right side of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108030 distal tip of left body rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105868 posterior tip of body rod The distal tip of the body rod that forms on the left side of the embryo.. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108040 recurrent rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod A rod that forms from the branching of a dorsoventral transverse rod and extends dorsally. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108050 presumptive embryonic skeletogenic mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107560 embryonic territory The part of the embryonic presumptive mesoderm that will later give rise to the skeletogenic mesenchyme and embryonic skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108060 ventrolateral skeletogenic mesenchyme cluster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104070 embryonic structure A cluster of skeletogenic cell bodies that forms in the ventrolateral region of the subequatorial skeletogenic mesenchyme ring; one triradiate spicule rudiment will form in each of two ventrolateral clusters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108070 presumptive embryonic non-skeletogenic mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107560 embryonic territory Embryonic cells tin the epithelial wall of the vegetal plate or the archenteron that will give rise to mesodermal derivatives other than skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108080 ventral presumptive embryonic non-skeletogenic mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107560 embryonic territory The presumptive embryonic non-skeletogenic mesoderm on the ventral side of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108090 dorsal presumptive embryonic non-skeletogenic mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107560 embryonic territory The presumptive embryonic non-skeletogenic mesoderm on the dorsal side of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108100 presumptive muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104030 cell A cell that will give rise to a muscle cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108110 muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104030 cell A cell that is part of a muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108120 presumptive blastocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103540 anatomical space The inner, extracellular space between blastomeres of the cleavage stage embryo that will gradually expand and form the blastocoel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108130 pyloric sphincter muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106660 sphincter muscle cell A cell that is part of the pyloric sphincter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108140 cardiac sphincter muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106660 sphincter muscle cell A cell that is part of the cardiac sphincter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108150 anal sphincter muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106660 sphincter muscle cell A cell that is part of the anal sphincter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108160 primary pore canal rudiment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure A strand of mesenchyme cells that extends from the left coelom to the ectoderm and that will give rise to the primary pore canal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108170 posterior enterocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106770 coelom An evagination of the midgut that will contribute to the coelom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108180 left anterior coelomic pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106770 coelom In species with a posterior enterocoel, the left coelomic pouch that evaginates from the unpaired coelomic pouch at the anterior end of the archenteron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108190 right anterior coelomic pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106770 coelom In species with a posterior enterocoel, the right coelomic pouch that evaginates from the unpaired coelomic pouch at the anterior end of the archenteron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108200 preoral ciliary band http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105460 ciliary band In species with two separate ciliary bands, a ciliary band that surrounds the anterior-ventral end of the embryo, anterior to the mouth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0108210 postoral ciliary band http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105460 ciliary band In species with two separate ciliary bands, a ciliary band that surrounds the posterior-dorsal end of the embryo, posterior to the mouth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000020 gametogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage Biological process during which certain cells of a female or male individual (parent) are transformed into specialized reproductive cells (gametes) that will initiate development of a progeny individual (offspring) upon fertilization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000050 not fully grown oocyte stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent A developing female gamete that started growing in size by accumulation of yolk proteins. At this stage, it is characterized by the presence of a large nucleus, the germinal vesicle, which contains a prominent nucleolus and occupies most of the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000060 fully grown oocyte with centered germinal vesicle stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent A developing female gamete that has reached its full size. It has grown up to ten times its original size, i.e. 80 to 100microm. It also displays a large germinal vesicle that is centered, but it is still not competent for fertilization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000070 fully grown oocyte with off-centered germinal vesicle stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent A developing female gamete that has reached its full size and in which the germinal vesicle has moved asymmetrically to the cell periphery. The germinal vesicle is now close to the animal pole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000080 fully grown oocyte with no nucleus stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent A developing female gamete in which the germinal vesicle has broken down. The germinal vesicle is no longer visible. However, the female gamete is still not mature. It is undergoing meiotic maturation, extruding successively a first and a second polar body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000090 mature oocyte stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent A mature female gamete that has achieved its meiotic maturation and in which the female pronucleus is visible. The mature oocyte is arrested in G1 phase and its average size is 80 to 100 µm. It is surrounded by a transparent jelly coat that is about 30 µm thick. It is competent to fertilization and it is located in the female gonad where it may be stored for weeks to months before its release in sea water by spawning. In the P. lividus species, the mature female gametes are characterized by the presence of pigment granules concentrated in a subequatorial band. This band is classically called the pigment band and allows to visualize the first embryonic axis, i.e. the animal-vegetal axis, which is perpendicular to the band. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000100 spermatogenesis period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent Period during which male gametes (or spermatozoa, or spermatozoid) develop and mature from primordial male germ cells to generate cells competent to further development upon fertilization of a mature oocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000110 developing spermatozoa stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent A developing, immature male gamete undergoing mitosis and meiosis to ultimately produce mature spermatozoa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000120 mature spermatozoid stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent A mature male gamete that is composed of a head, encompassing a compact nucleus, a neck, a middle piece, and a tail (or flagellum) that propels it towards the oocyte upon spawning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000130 embryogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage Biological process during which the embryo forms. This process starts with the fertilization of a mature oocyte by a mature spermatozoid. It is characterized by a succession of rapid mitotic divisions with no significant growth, but with axis establishment and cellular differentiation, thereby leading to the development of a multicellular embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000140 1-cell stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent A fertilized egg, right after fertilization. The embryo is characterized morphologically by the fact that it is a single diploid cell surrounded by a fertilization envelope. This stage corresponds to an embryo of age 0 hour post-fertilization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000150 cleavage period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent Period during which the fertilized egg undergoes a succession of rapid cell divisions with no significant growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000160 2-cell stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent An embryo that is composed of two cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. The first cleavage plane took place meridionally (i.e. along the animal-vegetal axis), thereby generating two blastomeres of equal size, each containing both animal and vegetal cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000170 4-cell stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent An embryo that is composed of four cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. The second cleavage plane was meridional and perpendicular to the first one, thereby producing four blastomeres of equal size, each containing both animal and vegetal cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000180 8-cell stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent An embryo that is composed of eight cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. The third cleavage took place perpendicular to the first two cleavage planes and was equatorial. It thus generated an animal and a vegetal hemisphere each composed of a quartet of four cells of equal volume. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000190 16-cell stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent An embryo that is composed of 16 cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: although the fourth cleavage occurred simultaneously in all cells, the pattern of cell division differed in the animal and vegetal blastomeres. In the animal hemisphere the four cells divided meridionally, producing eight blastomeres of equal volume arrayed in a single tier. These cells are called the mesomeres. In the vegetal hemisphere, the four cells underwent an unequal, equatorial cleavage, producing a tier of four large cells, the macromeres, and a tier of four small cells, the micromeres, located at the vegetal pole. At the 16-cell stage, the embryo is hence composed of three groups of cells with distinct sizes. In most sea urchin species,this is the first morphological indication of the animal-vegetal axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000200 28-cell stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent An embryo that is composed of 28 cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: In most sea urchin species, the fifth cleavage signed the end of cell division synchrony, with the mesomeres and macromeres dividing prior to the micromeres with a significant time difference. In the animal hemisphere, the mesomeres underwent an equal and equatorial cleavage, giving rise to two animal cell tiers, each composed of eight blastomeres of equal size: the an1 tier located at the animal pole and the an2 tier located below an1. In parallel, the macromeres divided meridionally, forming a ring of eight cells of equal volume located below the an2 tier. At that stage, the micromeres have not yet divided and are still at a number of four cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000210 32-cell stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent An embryo that is composed of 32 cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: The micromeres have undergone a fifth cleavage (and this has occurred prior to a subsequent division of the other cells). This cleavage was unequal and equatorial, thereby producing four large micromeres and four small micromeres, the smallest cells still marking the vegetal pole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000220 56-cell stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent An embryo that is composed of 56 cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: In the animal hemisphere, cells of the an1 and an2 tiers underwent an additional meridional division, producing tiers composed of 16 cells. The macromeres divided equatorially and equally, generating two vegetal cell tiers, each composed of 8 cells of equal volume, namely the veg1 tier (located below an2) and the veg2 tier (located below veg1 and above the large micromeres). At that stage, the large and small micromeres (4 cells each) have not undergone yet a sixth division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000230 60-cell stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent An embryo that is composed of 60 cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: The large micromeres have achieved a sixth cleavage, which was meridional, thereby generating a ring of 8 cells. At that stage, from the animal to the vegetal pole, the embryo is composed of: 16 an1-cells, 16 an2-cells, 8 veg1-cells, 8 veg2-cells, 8 large micromeres and 4 small micromeres. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000240 blastula period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent Period during which the embryo is transformed into a hollow sphere that is one cell layer thick and encompasses a central, fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel. During this period, every cell of the embryo is in contact on the inside with the blastocoel and on the outside with the hyaline layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000250 very early blastula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The embryo is composed of 110-120 cells, as most blastomeres have completed an additional mitotic division after the 60-cell stage. The embryo is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. All cells are about the same size and there are no obvious morphological indications of embryonic polarity or embryonic territories. All cells have begun to acquire apico-basal polarity, and the embryo is beginning to transform into a hollow sphere with a wall that is one cell layer thick and a fluid-filled cavity (the blastocoel) in the center. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: the micromere progeny divide more slowly than other cells of the embryo. Molecular labelling typically indicates the presence of 8 large micromere descendants and 4 small micromeres at this stage . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000260 early blastula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The embryo is composed of slightly more than 200 cells, as most blastomeres have completed an additional mitotic division after the very early blastula stage. The embryo is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. The embryo remains spherical and one cell layer thick, and the blastocoel has expanded slightly since the very early blastula stage, without increasing though the size of the embryo. The synchrony of cell divisions between animal and vegetal cell tiers, as well as within cell tiers, is becoming less pronounced. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: Molecular labeling typically indicates the presence of 16 large micromere descendants and 4 small micromeres at this stage . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000270 mid-blastula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The embryo is composed of about 300 cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. Cell divisions are less synchronous than at earlier stages. The cells have flattened slightly on their inner (basal) surface, further contributing to the enlargement of the blastocoel. In some species, cells have started to form cilia on their outer surface. The embryo is still spherical and does not display any obvious morphological landmarks that indicate the primary or secondary embryonic axes. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: molecular labeling typically indicates the presence of 16 to 32 large micromere descendant cells and 4 to 8 small micromere descendants at this stage . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000280 late blastula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The embryo is composed of about 400 cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. The embryo is still spherical but the wall is thinner and smoother than at previous stages. The vegetal plate has not formed. Many cells are ciliated, and in some species (e.g. P. lividus) the embryo has begun to rotate within the fertilization envelope, while in others (e.g. S. purpuratus) it is still non-motile. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: molecular labeling typically indicates the presence of 32 large micromere descendants and 4 to 8 small micromere descendants at this stage . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000290 hatched blastula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The embryo is composed of about 800 cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. The fertilization envelope has started to break down due to the secretion by ectodermal cells of the hatching enzyme, a metalloprotease that digests the fertilization envelope and frees the embryo. The vegetal plate has not formed. The embryo rotates within the envelope or swims away as soon as it is free. At the animal pole, a tuft of long and immotile cilia has started growing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000300 swimming blastula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The embryo has hatched from the fertilization envelope and swims freely. It is still a hollow sphere that is one cell layer thick, but the cells constituting the vegetal plate (i.e. located at the vegetal pole) have started thickening along the apico-basal axis, thereby creating a morphological landmark that enables orienting the embryo along the animal-vegetal axis. In addition, at the animal pole, the apical tuft composed of long and immotile cilia has continued expending. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000310 late swimming blastula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The embryo has started elongated along the animal-vegetal axis. Its vegetal region has further continued to thicken and it is marked by a characteristic 'V' shape formed by the blastocoel at the level of the cells constituting the vegetal plate, thereby pointing to the vegetal pole. At the animal pole, the embryo is characterized by the presence of an apical tuft. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000320 gastrula period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent Period during which complex and coordinated cellular movements take place and ultimately generate a three-layered embryo with inner tissues. A portion of cells will ingress, invaginate and/or migrate within the embryo and form the two inner layers (i.e. the endoderm and the mesoderm). The cells that remained outside will instead spread over the whole surface of the embryo and form the outer layer (i.e. the ectoderm). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000330 mesenchyme blastula phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The phase during which skeletogenic primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) move from the vegetal plate into the blastocoel (ingress) but before the vegetal plate has started to invaginate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000340 early mesenchyme blastula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The vegetal plate is apparent and skeletogenic primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) are in the process of ingression, a type of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). The epithelial wall of the embryo has thickened at the animal pole, where a tuft of long, non-motile cilia has formed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000350 mid-mesenchyme blastula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent All skeletogenic primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) have ingressed into the blastocoel, leaving behind a reformed vegetal plate containing at its center the 8 small micromere descendants surrounded by non-skeletogenic mesoderm cells. The PMCs are organized in a mound on the vegetal plate but have not begun to disperse. The thickened apical pole domain with its tuft of long, non-motile cilia is still apparent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000360 late mesenchyme blastula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The skeletogenic primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) have migrated away from the vegetal plate by extending filopodia and moving along the blastocoel wall. The vegetal plate has flattened but has not started to invaginate. The apical pole domain still bears an apical tuft of long, non-motile cilia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000370 invagination phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent Period during which the inpocketing and elongation of the archenteron takes place. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000380 blastopore formation stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The embryo is characterized morphologically by a slight invagination of the vegetal plate and the dispersal of the skeletogenic primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) along the blastocoel wall at the periphery of the invaginating region. The PMCs are just beginning to adopt a characteristic, ring-like arrangement near the equator of the embryo. Within the vegetal plate, the peripheral non-skeletogenic mesoderm cells have started to indent, undergoing important cell shape changes, but the center of the vegetal plate (composed of small micromeres) has not started to elevate. Invagination has generated the blastopore (an opening that will give rise to the larval anus) as well as the anterior portion of the archenteron (a region that will give rise to the coelomic pouches). At the animal pole, the apical pole domain is still marked by an enlarged epithelium bearing long and immotile cilia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000390 early gastrula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The embryo is mainly characterized morphologically by the presence in the blastocoel of a small archenteron (i.e. primitive digestive tract) that is about a third of its finally size. Following the initial invagination of the vegetal plate, the archenteron has slightly been extended, within the blastocoel, by the subsequent invagination of additional non-skeletogenic mesoderm cells and of some endoderm cells. In parallel, the skeletogenic mesenchyme cells (or SM cells, primary mesenchyme cells or PMC) have by now started migrating along the blastocoel wall, towards the animal pole, thereby creating two lateral chains (one left and one right), while around the developing archenteron, they have gathered into two ventrolateral clusters separated by an oral (or ventral) and an aboral (or dorsal) chain defined by the remaining skeletogenic mesenchyme cells. Within the oral and aboral skeletogenic mesenchyme chains, the cells have further started to fuse to form syncytial filopodial cables within which skeletal calcification will subsequently take place. At the animal pole, the animal neuroectoderm territory is still marked by an enlarged epithelium bearing long and immotile cilia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000400 mid-gastrula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The embryo is mainly characterized morphologically by the presence of an archenteron (i.e. primitive digestive tract) that has reached one-half its way into the blastocoel. A second phase of archenteron elongation has taken place by invagination of additional cells into the blastocoel, by cell division or by convergent-extension movements depending on the sea urchin species. Non-skeletogenic mesoderm cells that are present at the tip of the archenteron have further started ingressing into the blastocoel, generating the non-skeletogenic mesenchyme cells (or NSM cells, secondary mesenchyme cells or SMC). The oral ectoderm has also started to flatten and to become thicker, providing the first morphological indicator of the oral-aboral (or ventro-dorsal) axis of the embryo. As a consequence the oral chain formed by a portion of the skeletogenic mesenchyme cells has also flattened. Finally, skeletal calcification has further begun within the skeletogenic mesenchyme ventrolateral clusters, marked by the presence of the first calcified structures, which appear as small dots at that stage. At the animal pole, the animal neuroectoderm territory is still marked by an enlarged epithelium bearing long and immotile cilia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000410 late gastrula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The embryo is mainly characterized morphologically by the presence in the blastocoel of a fully extended archenteron (i.e. primitive digestive tract) that has now reached the roof of the blastocoel. The third and last extension phase of the archenteron has been ensured by pulling forces exerted by non-skeletogenic mesoderm cells that are still present at the tip of the archenteron. These cells have produced filopodia that extended towards the animal pole, attached the wall, and then shortened, thereby pulling up the archenteron. In some sea urchin species, this pulling force is already orienting the tip of the archenteron towards the oral ectoderm, where the future mouth of the larvae will form. In parallel, in the blastocoel, additional non-skeletogenic mesoderm cells continued ingressing from the tip of the archenteron and the skeletal calcified structures present in the skeletogenic mesenchyme ventrolateral clusters have further grown, forming now the primary triradiate skeletal rudiments (or spicules). At the animal pole, the animal neuroectoderm territory is still marked by an enlarged epithelium bearing long and immotile cilia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000420 organogenesis period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent To be written http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000430 prism stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The embryo is mainly characterized morphologically by a typical triangular shape, the beginning of the tripatition of the digestive tract and the presence of pigmented cells. The oral (or ventral) ectoderm has by now even more flattened, making an almost perfect right angle with the blastoporal side of the embryo. By contrast, on the opposite side, the aboral (or dorsal) ectoderm has round up and slightly elongated, thereby forming the primitive apex of the future larvae. These changes have conferred the embryo a typical and easy recognizable triangular shape. In the oral ectoderm, a small depression has further appeared, called the stomodeum, which will later fuse with the tip of the archenteron to form the mouth. In the blastocoel, the digestive tract has also by now bended toward the stomodeum and started to become tripartite. The cardiac sphincter has started forming, separating the future esophagus from the future stomach. The triradiate spicules have also continued elongating, thereby forming by now, towards the animal pole, the right and left dorsoventral connecting rods, towards the apex, the body rods, and along the vegetal, oral ectoderm the left and right ventral transverse rods. Moreover, some non-skeletogenic mesenchyme cells (or NSM cells, secondary mesenchyme cells or SMC) have started becoming pigmented and inserted into the aboral ectoderm. These cells represent part of the future immune system of the larvae along with other blastocoelar cells that are present in the blastocoel around the gut. In the vicinity of the future esophagus, other non-skeletogenic mesoderm descendant cells along with some endoderm cells have further arranged to form a single unpaired coelomic pouch. At the animal pole, the apical pole domain has also started to flatten making the embryo look like a square when viewed from the oral side, and it still arbors a tuft a long and immotile cilia. Finally, within the apical pole domain, but not yet in the ciliary band, molecular labeling surveys also start by this stage to reveal the presence of differentiating neuronal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000450 early feeding larva period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage Biological process during which the specific outcome is the progression of a free-living larva before the development of the adult. Indirect development represents the mainstream developmental mode of metazoans. This process usually starts with the emergence of a larva that is planktonic and stops at the end of metamorphosis once the animal assumes adult characters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000460 early pluteus larva stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The embryo is by now a fully formed pluteus larva. The mouth has opened and the digestive tract is becoming functional. On the ventral side, the mouth is surrounded anteriorly by an oral hood and posteriorly by two postoral arms. On the dorsal side, the apex has lengthened. The skeleton has indeed continued extending, expending the dorsoventral connecting rods, the body rods, and the ventral transverse rods as well as developing the anterolateral rods and the postoral rods. Within the larva, the tripartition of the digestive tract has further progressed. The cardiac sphincter is now fully formed in between the esophagus and the stomach, and the pyloric sphincter in between the stomach and the intestine and the anal sphincter at the level of the anus have also started forming. Around the esophagus, the coelomic pouch has further developed into two bilobed sacs (or pouches), one on each side of the digestive tract. Finally, within the apical pole domain, as well as within the ciliary band, differentiated neurons with their extended axons can also now be distinguished by immunostaining. In parallel, the apical tuft of long and immotile cilia remains discernable at the tip of the oral hood, while in parallel the ciliary band has further started growing a concentrated number of intermediate size motile cilia, which will be used by the larva to swim directionally. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000470 4-arm pluteus larva stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The 4-arm pluteus larva is mainly characterized morphologically by the presence, on the ventral side, of four extended arms (two anterolateral arms at the level of the oral hood and two postoral arms) and on the dorsal side by a sleeked apex. The larva now possesses a completely tripartite and functional digestive tract composed of an esophagus, a stomach, and an intestine, respectively limited by a cardiac sphincter, a pyloric sphincter, and an anal sphincter. Around the esophagus, the right and left coelomic pouches have further started to grow in size and elongate. The first morphological indicator of a left-right asymmetry becomes apparent at that stage, the left coelomic pouch being slightly more elongated than the right one. Furthermore, a thin protrusion of non-skeletogenic mesenchyme cells can be seen extending from the left coelomic pouch to the anterior ectoderm. This is the primary pore canal, which opens to the exterior environment by the hydropore. The larva further now possesses, all around the esophagus, a network of contractile muscles allowing it to swallow and feed. Finally, the apical tuft previously observed at the animal pole has by now disappeared, leaving behind only the concentrated stretch of intermediate size cilia borne by the ciliary band. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000480 late feeding larva period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent To be written http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000490 6-arm pluteus larva stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The 6-arm pluteus larva is mainly characterized morphologically by the presence, on the ventral side, of six arms, and by the development, on the anterior midline of the esophagus, of the dorsal arch. The larva has indeed extended on the ventral side two additional posterodorsal arms and has developed on the anterior side an additional skeletal element called the dorsal arch. In addition, at the basis of the postoral and posterodorsal arms, four small patches of ciliary band have by now cut off and migrated toward the apex, forming four patches of ciliated structures called the epaulettes (one posterior and one anterior pair). The nervous system of the larva has also become more complex with cell bodies and axons being present all along the arms and for the latter as well throughout the apex. The left and right coelomic pouches have continued to elongate on each side of the digestive tract. As a note this stage is relatively fleeting. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000500 8-arm pluteus larva stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The 8-arm pluteus larva is mainly characterized morphologically by the presence on the ventral side of the larva of eight arms and by the development within the larva, on the left side of the stomach, of the adult rudiment. This stage is relatively long. It includes distinct changes occurring to the larva as well as within the larva, although the larva consistently exhibits 8 arms. In addition, it should be highlighted that the sequence of events taking place at the level of the larva compared to that occurring on the left side of the stomach to form the rudiment are heterochronic, meaning that differences are observed among individuals in the relative timing of these events. From the larval point of view, at that stage, on the anterior side, the dorsal arch has extended out of the oral hood, thereby forming two additional arms above the mouth, i.e. the preoral arms. In parallel, across the apex, the epaulettes have continued developing, thereby generating four large structures rich in cilia and perpendicular to the ventro-dorsal axis. At the tip of the apex, the suture of the body rods has also eventually ruptured, considerably enlarging the larval apex and reducing the angle between the postoral and posterodorsal arms. In parallel, inside the larva, the left coelomic pouch has also by now been partitioned into three parts: the axocoel (upper part, close to the esophagus), the hydrocoel (middle part) and the somatocoel (lower part, next to the stomach). Likewise, on the opposite side, the right coelomic pouch has also been partitioned into a right axohydrocoel and a right somatocoel, although the right axohydrocoel remains in a rudimentary state compared to its left counterparts. In addition, at the basis of the posterodorsal arm on the left side, a small portion of the ectoderm has thickened, invaginated, and came into contact with the left hydocoel. This structure is called the vestibule and together with the left hydrocoel and the left stomatocoel they have further subsequently fused to form the adult rudiment. The formation of the rudiment has overall taken some time, giving rise first to a pentaradial disc and then to a pentaradial complex structure harboring podia (i.e. tube feet) and spines. In parallel, on the right size of the larva, a variable number of pedicellariae (one to four) and endoskeletal elements (i.e. the five genital plates) have further formed, which will also later contribute to the composition of the adult body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000510 competent pluteus larva stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The competent pluteus larva is mainly characterized morphologically by the presence, on the ventral size, of still 8 arms and by the presence on the left side of the stomach of the rudiment that is now the size of or even bigger than the stomach. The rudiment further harbors by now five long primary podia (i.e. tube feet), five quartets of definitive spines located between the primary podia and five pairs of immature spines at the basis of the primary podia, while on the opposite side, i.e. on the right side of the larva, five to seven immature spines have further developed, supported by the genital plates, along with one to four pedicaellariae. At the level of the larva, in parallel, the anterior and posterior pairs of epaulettes have also considerably increased in size by now and even fused dorsally to the hydropore and to the anus respectively, thereby leaving exempt of cilia two lateral fields in between them. At the center of the left lateral field, the vestibular roof has also by now ruptured and this opening has created the vestibular pore, through which some primary podia of the rudiment protrude outside the larva and scrutinize the substrate looking for the adequate cues to begin metamorphosis. At that stage, the larva is thus exhibiting a typical substrate-test behavior, going to the sea bottom and scrutinizing the substrate. This behavior is characteristic of a larva named competent to metamorphosis, which it will accomplish providing that it is adequately stimulated by environmental factors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000520 metamorphic larva stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The metamorphic larva stage consists essentially of the evagination of the echinoid rudiment. It is characterized by the execution of conspicuous and relatively abrupt physical changes that take place quite quickly, in about one hour, and during which the planktonic larva is transformed into a benthic juvenile. At that stage, the larva is settled on the substrate and is firmly attached to it by the primary podia of the rudiment. The ectodermal epithelium of its arms has started to collapse, making the spicules supporting the larval arms piercing through the epidermis. The larval mouth and anus have further closed, while in parallel, within the larva, the rudiment spines have lifted up thereby distending the vestibular wall and wide opening the vestibular pore. Following these movements, the rudiment has farther down accomplished and finalized its complete eversion, encapsulating the digestive tract and reaching the right side of the larval body. During this process, the genital plates and the associated pedicellariae and immature spines present on the right side of the larva have further completed the production of the aboral part of the adult body. At the end of metamorphosis, hence at the end of the metamorphic larva stage, the individual has thus become benthic, it is settled in the substrate, and it looks like an adult pentaradial sea urchin although it is smaller in size, deprived of a functional digestive system and sexually immature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000530 adulthood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage Biological process during which changes occur in biological and psychological domains to generate a sexually mature animal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000540 juvenile period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent Period during which a young individual, posing as a small adult, grows but remains unable to reproduce. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000550 early juvenile stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The early juvenile is morphologically similar to both the late rudiment and a miniature sea urchin adult. Like the rudiment, it harbors five primary podia (or tube feet), five quartet of definitive spines, five pairs of immature spines located at the basis of the primary podia, 5 to 7 immature spines supported by the genital plates as well as 1 to 4 pedicellariae. Like the adult, it displays a pentarial symmetry and is settled on the substrate. An early juvenile is about 300 µm in diameter. On its aboral side, it still exhibits some remaining larval rods and tissues, although these will soon disappear. In addition, the plates forming its endoskeleton are still rather light and porous making it looking relatively clear, although it bears lots of red-pigmented cells. However, the postlarva is still deprived of a mouth and an anus, hence of a functional digestive tract. The early juvenile is thus endotrophic, meaning that its growth and development solely relies on energy derived from internal sources. Furthermore, the early juvenile is sexually immature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000560 late juvenile stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The late juvenile really looks like a small adult. The plates of its endoskeleton have by now densified providing it with a dark shell. In addition, it has finally developed a functional digestive tract. The digestive tract inherited from the larva has indeed by now undergone a complete reorganization, progressively bending within the perivisceral cavity to form two successive loops. The buccal plates and the aristotle lantern have further finished developing, creating a new mouth that has opened on the oral side at the center of the aristotle's lantern, while a new anus has also opened in the periproct, i.e. at the center of the five genital plates. The late juvenile can thus feed and starts growing in size, by grazing on the substrate. The late juvenile is exotrophic, meaning that its growth and development rely on energy derived from external sources. In addition, the primary podia have started to regress by that stage and will eventually disappear, while secondary podia have emerged and are functional, allowing the juvenile to move. Similarly, the immature spines have also started to be lost and be replaced by definitive spines. The genital plate CD has further differentiated into the madreporite and sphaeridia have formed. However, this individual is still sexually immature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000570 adult period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent Period during which the animal reaches sexual maturity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000580 adult stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent This stage corresponds to a fully formed pentaradial sea urchin that has reached sexual maturity. The gonads have developed within the perivisceral cavity and are connected to the outside by the genital pores pierced into the genital plates. The young adult has grown up to about several centimeters in diameter and is now producing gametes. Time after fertilization is unknown, between several months to one year depending on the sea urchin species and the rate and type of feeding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000590 very late blastula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent The embryo is composed of about 800 cells and is surrounded by a fertilization envelope. The wall of the embryo is thinner and smoother than at previous stages. The vegetal plate has not formed. Many cells are ciliated but the embryo has not begun to rotate within the fertilization envelope. Note for euechinoid indirect developers: molecular labeling typically indicates the presence of 32 large micromere descendants and 4 small micromere descendants at this stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000600 vegetal plate stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent Stage when the vegetal plate is apparent but primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) have not started to ingress. Embryos are motile due ciliary beating but have not completed hatching. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103550 whole organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species and consists of one cell or more http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103560 multicellular organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species and consists of more than one cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103570 embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103560 multicellular organism Anatomical entity that comprises the animal in the early stages of growth and differentiation that are characterized by cleavage, the laying down of fundamental tissues, and the formation of primitive organs and organ systems http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103610 digestive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103520 anatomical system Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs devoted to the ingestion, digestion, and assimilation of food and the discharge of residual wastes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103620 embryonic digestive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103610 digestive system The gastrointestinal tract that is being formed during embryonic development starting with the formation of the primitive gut tube (or archenteron) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103630 larval digestive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103610 digestive system Organ system responsible for the food uptake and processing in the larva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103650 adult digestive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103610 digestive system Anatomical system that processes ingested substances in the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103710 reproductive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103520 anatomical system Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with reproduction, i.e. the male and female gonads. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103730 embryonic nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103720 nervous system The sum of all the structures in the embryo that will develop into the larval nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103740 larval nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103720 nervous system The sum of all the neural structures present in the larva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103810 endoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103520 anatomical system Internal support structure of an animal composed of mineralized tissue. It gives shape, support and protection to the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103870 water vascular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103520 anatomical system The water vascular system is a hydraulic system used by sea urchins for locomotion, food and waste transportation, and respiration. The system is composed of canals connecting numerous tube feet. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103880 hemal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103520 anatomical system The hemal system contains the blood. It is composed of a complex network of vessels mainly located around the gut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103890 animal hemisphere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure Anatomical region that corresponds to the upper half of the embryo, which later is composed of the mesomeres, and ultimately encompasses the presumptive ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103900 vegetal hemisphere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure Anatomical region that corresponds to the lower half of the embryo, which later is composed of the macromeres and the micromeres, and ultimately encompasses the endoderm and mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103930 animal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103910 cell cortex Cell component comprising the outermost layer of the animal region of the oocyte. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103940 vegetal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103910 cell cortex Cell component comprising the outermost layer of the vegetal region of the oocyte. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103950 animal pole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region The apical region of the animal hemisphere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103960 vegetal pole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region The apical most region of the vegetal hemisphere. Once cleavages have started the vegetal pole is characterized by the presence of the micromeres initially and then that of the small micromeres http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104030 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure Anatomical structure that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104040 cell part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure Anatomical structure that is part of a cell and that has a granularity level equal to that of a protein complex or higher. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104050 digestive system element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure Any of the organs or elements that are part of the digestive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104070 embryonic structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure Any anatomical structure that is part of an embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104080 larval structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure Any anatomical structure that is part of a larva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104090 juvenile structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure Any anatomical structure that is part of a juvenile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104100 adult structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure Any anatomical structure that is part of an adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104160 nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104147 intracellular part A membrane-bounded organelle of in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, it contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104168 oocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104580 gamete A female haploid germ cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104170 germinal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104160 nucleus The enlarged, fluid filled nucleus of a primary oocyte, the development of which is suspended in prophase I of the first meiotic division between embryohood and sexual maturity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104180 equatorial pigment band http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104147 intracellular part The subequatorial accumulation of pigment granules (the so-called ‘pigment band’) in eggs or early stage embryos, which constitutes an unambiguous marker of animal-vegetal polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104190 cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104147 intracellular part All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104230 fertilization envelope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104070 embryonic structure A structure that lies outside the plasma membrane and surrounds the egg. The fertilization envelope forms from the vitelline membrane after fertilization as a result of cortical granule release http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104247 spermatozoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104580 gamete A mature male germ cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104500 polar body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104030 cell A small cell formed by the meiotic division of an oocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104520 spermatozoid head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104510 spermatozoid part The part of the late spermatid or spermatozoon that contains the nucleus and acrosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104530 spermatozoid flagellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104510 spermatozoid part A microtubule-based flagellum (or cilium) that is part of a sperm, a mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104540 acrosomal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104330 secretory vesicle An organelle that develops over the anterior half of the head in the spermatozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104610 mature oocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104168 oocyte A mature female gamet that has entered meiosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104630 blastomere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104010 embryonic cell An undifferentiated cell produced by early cleavages of the fertilized egg (zygote) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104660 mesomere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104630 blastomere Intermediate size blastomere forming the animal hemisphere of the cleaving embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104670 macromere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104630 blastomere Larger blastomere of the vegetal hemisphere of the cleaving embryo located below the equator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104690 micromere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104630 blastomere Small blastomere of the vegetal hemisphere of the cleaving embryo located at to the vegetal pole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104740 presumptive neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104030 cell A progenitor cell of the nervous system that will develop into a neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104908 ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105150 germ layer Primary germ layer that is the outer of the embryo's three germ layers and gives rise to epidermis and neural tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105050 animal quartet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104678 cell tier Group of four cells of equal size forming the animal hemisphere of an eight-cell stage embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105060 vegetal quartet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104678 cell tier Group of four cells of equal size forming the vegetal hemisphere of an eight-cell stage embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105690 larval spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104060 skeletal element A triradiate or hexaradiate minute calcareous skeletal element that initiates most if not all skeletal structures found within the sea urchin embryo, larva and adult. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105698 embryonic skeletogenic mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104110 tissue The embryonic tissue made up of loosely connected mesoderm cells that will produce all of the skeletal elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106220 embryonic skeletogenic mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105158 embryonic tissue The subset of the embryonic mesoderm that will later give rise to the skeletogenic mesenchyme and embryonic skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106260 embryonic skeletogenic mesenchyme syncytium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106250 syncytium Anatomical structure composed of skeletogenic mesenchyme cells that have fused to form a single syncytial network. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106280 ventral skeletogenic mesenchyme chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104070 embryonic structure Subpopulation of skeletogenic mesenchyme forming a chain on the oral (i.e. ventral) side of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106290 dorsal skeletogenic mesenchyme chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104070 embryonic structure Subpopulation of skeletogenic mesenchyme forming a chain on the aboral (i.e. dorsal) side of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106300 right ventrolateral skeletogenic mesenchyme cluster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104070 embryonic structure Subpopulation of skeletogenic mesenchyme forming a cluster (i.e. a group of cells) in the ventrolateral region of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106320 lateral chain of skeletogenic mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104070 embryonic structure Subpopulation of skeletogenic mesenchyme forming a chain on either side of the developing digestive tract, along the blastocoel wall and towards the animal pole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106330 right lateral chain of skeletogenic mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104070 embryonic structure Subpopulation of skeletogenic mesenchyme forming a chain along the blastocoel wall towards the animal pole on the right side of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106340 left lateral chain of skeletogenic mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104070 embryonic structure Subpopulation of skeletogenic mesenchyme forming a chain along the blastocoel wall towards the animal pole on the left side of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106440 pigment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104030 cell a cell that contains red coloring matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106750 larval skeletogenic mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104110 tissue The mesenchyme cells that produce new skeletal elements (i.e., the posterodorsal rods, dorsal arch, and preoral rods) in the larva after feeding begins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106858 left lateral field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107100 lateral field The left lateral field is the lateral field located on the left side of the larva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106860 vestibular pore http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure Opening located in the left lateral field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107100 lateral field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region The lateral field is located in the aboral ectoderm of the larva. It separates the anterior and posterior pairs of epaulettes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107120 right lateral field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107100 lateral field The right lateral field is the lateral field located on the right side of the larva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107150 adult skeletogenic mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104110 tissue The mesenchyme cells that produce biomineralized elements (e.g., spines, test plates, and teeth) in the juvenile and adult. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000440 larval development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103660 immune system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103520 anatomical system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103720 nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103520 anatomical system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103770 muscular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103520 anatomical system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103970 animal pole domain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103980 blastopore http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104020 vegetal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104060 skeletal element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104110 tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104120 rudiment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104130 rudiment structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104140 non-rudiment adult structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104270 acellular membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104878 neural structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105200 ventral ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105210 dorsal ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105260 central ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105280 near-apical ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105290 apical ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105300 veg1-lateral ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105310 veg-1 oral ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105320 lateral ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105350 arm tip ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105460 ciliary band http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105970 mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105990 anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106600 blastocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103540 anatomical space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106958 axial complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107000 hydropore http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107050 axial organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107060 dorsal sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107170 ambulacra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107180 interambulacra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107200 appendage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107418 Aristotles lantern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107420 tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107450 gonopore http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107490 juvenile digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107520 mesentery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107530 perivisceral cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000034 function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016 disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016 disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017 realizable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020 characteristic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 information content entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031 generically dependent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000027 data item http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 information content entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000255 eukaryotic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000227 binucleate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000228 multinucleate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000521 fungal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000255 eukaryotic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_451864 Dikarya http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4751 Fungi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_451866 Taphrinomycotina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4890 Ascomycota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_716545 saccharomyceta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4890 Ascomycota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4896 Schizosaccharomyces pombe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4895 Schizosaccharomyces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_131567 cellular organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1 root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2157 Archaea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_131567 cellular organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2 Bacteria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_131567 cellular organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2759 Eukaryota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_131567 cellular organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4891 Saccharomycetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_147537 Saccharomycotina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33154 Opisthokonta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2759 Eukaryota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4751 Fungi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33154 Opisthokonta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 Metazoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33154 Opisthokonta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6072 Eumetazoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 Metazoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4890 Ascomycota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_451864 Dikarya http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_147554 Schizosaccharomycetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_451866 Taphrinomycotina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4892 Saccharomycetales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4891 Saccharomycetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4893 Saccharomycetaceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4892 Saccharomycetales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33213 Bilateria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6072 Eumetazoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_147537 Saccharomycotina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_716545 saccharomyceta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103580 larva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103560 multicellular organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103590 juvenile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103560 multicellular organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103600 adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103560 multicellular organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103760 adult nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103720 nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103800 adult muscular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103770 muscular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104548 small micromere descendant cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104630 blastomere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104550 presumptive primordial germ cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104030 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104570 germ cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104030 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104700 large micromere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104630 blastomere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104710 large micromere descendant cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104630 blastomere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104720 small micromere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104630 blastomere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104790 neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104030 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104910 presumptive ciliary band cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104030 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104940 apical ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104930 ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105070 animal tier 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104678 cell tier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105080 animal tier 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104678 cell tier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105090 vegetal tier 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104678 cell tier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105100 vegetal tier 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104678 cell tier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105110 vegetal tier 1 upper http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104678 cell tier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105120 vegetal tier 1 lower http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104678 cell tier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105130 vegetal tier 2 upper http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104678 cell tier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105140 vegetal tier 2 lower http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104678 cell tier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105160 presumptive ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105158 embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105180 animal ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105190 vegetal ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105220 ectoendoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105150 germ layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105230 endomesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105150 germ layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105240 inner animal pole domain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105250 outer animal pole domain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105270 border ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105360 dorsal arm tip ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105370 ventral arm tip ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105380 apical tuft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104070 embryonic structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105450 stomodeum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104070 embryonic structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105650 triradiate spicule rudiment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105628 spicule rudiment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105680 hexaradiate spicule rudiment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105628 spicule rudiment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104060 skeletal element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105798 dorsal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104060 skeletal element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105870 scheitel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104060 skeletal element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105890 left body rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105880 body rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105900 right body rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105880 body rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105980 larval mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105970 mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106000 larval anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105990 anus 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http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104460 nuclear envelope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104440 nuclear part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104580 gamete http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104570 germ cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104640 blastomere of 2-cell embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104630 blastomere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104650 blastomere of 4-cell embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104630 blastomere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104680 macromere daughter cell tier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104678 cell tier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104750 animal pole domain presumptive neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104740 presumptive neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104760 ectoderm presumptive neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104740 presumptive neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104770 ciliary band presumptive neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104740 presumptive neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104780 endoderm associated presumptive neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104740 presumptive neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104800 larval neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104790 neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104810 serotonergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104790 neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104820 synaptotagmin-B neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104790 neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104830 dopaminergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104790 neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104840 GABAergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104790 neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104850 sensory neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104790 neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104860 biopolar neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104790 neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104870 multipolar neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104790 neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104950 adult neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104790 neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104900 ciliary band neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104800 larval neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104920 endoderm associated neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104800 larval neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104880 axon tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104878 neural structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104930 ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104878 neural structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104960 circumoral nerve ring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104878 neural structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104970 enteric nerve plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104878 neural structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104980 radial nerve cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104878 neural structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105030 basiepidermal nerve plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104878 neural structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104990 primary podia associated neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104950 adult neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105000 secondary podia associated neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104950 adult neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105010 definitive spine associated neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104950 adult neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105020 pedicellaria associated neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104950 adult neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107340 buccal podia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0104990 primary podia associated neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106010 presumptive endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105158 embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105330 right lateral ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105320 lateral ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105340 left lateral ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105320 lateral ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106560 larval muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105400 larval tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106828 larval epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105400 larval tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106840 oral epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105400 larval tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106850 aboral epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105400 larval tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106570 rudiment muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105410 rudiment tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106580 juvenile muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105420 juvenile tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106590 adult muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105430 adult tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105550 right anterolateral arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105540 larval arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105560 left anterolateral arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105540 larval arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105570 right postoral arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105540 larval arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105580 left postoral arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105540 larval arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105590 right posterodorsal arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105540 larval arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105600 left posterodorsal arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105540 larval arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105610 right preoral arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105540 larval arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105620 left preoral arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105540 larval arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105630 spicule granule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105628 spicule rudiment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105660 right ventrolateral triradiate spicule rudiment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105650 triradiate spicule rudiment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105670 left ventrolateral triradiate spicule rudiment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105650 triradiate spicule rudiment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105710 anonymous rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105738 right dorsoventral connecting rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105740 right anterolateral rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105748 left dorsoventral connecting rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105750 left anterolateral rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105760 right postoral rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105770 left postoral rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105780 right posterodorsal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105790 left posterodorsal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105800 right preoral rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105810 left preoral rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105850 right ventral transverse rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105860 left ventral transverse rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105940 right recurrent rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105950 left recurrent rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105960 posterior transverse rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105700 skeletal rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105720 right anonymous rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105710 anonymous rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105730 left anonymous rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105710 anonymous rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105920 posterior tip of left body rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105868 posterior tip of body rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105930 posteror tip of right body rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105868 posterior tip of body rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107400 adult mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105970 mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107410 adult anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0105990 anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106450 embryonic pigment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106440 pigment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106460 larval pigment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106440 pigment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106470 juvenile pigment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106440 pigment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106480 rudiment pigment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106440 pigment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106500 globular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106490 blastocoelar cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106510 filopodial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106490 blastocoelar cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106520 ovoid cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106490 blastocoelar cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106530 amoeboid cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106490 blastocoelar cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106670 pyloric sphincteric muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106650 sphincter muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106680 cardiac sphincteric muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106650 sphincter muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106690 anal sphincteric muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106650 sphincter muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106780 unpaired coelomic pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106770 coelom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106790 right coelomic pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106770 coelom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106800 left coelomic pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106770 coelom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106868 axocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106770 coelom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106880 axial coelom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106770 coelom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106890 hydrocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106770 coelom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106910 somatocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106770 coelom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106940 right axohydrocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106770 coelom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106870 left axocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106868 axocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107010 right axocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106868 axocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106920 left hydrocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106890 hydrocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107020 right hydrocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106890 hydrocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106930 left somatocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106910 somatocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106950 right somatocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0106910 somatocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107240 genital plate AB http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107190 genital plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107250 genital plate BC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107190 genital plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107260 genital plate CD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107190 genital plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107270 genital plate DE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107190 genital plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107280 genital plate EA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107190 genital plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107210 pedicellaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107200 appendage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107290 podia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107200 appendage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107350 spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107200 appendage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107380 sphaeridium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107200 appendage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107300 primary podia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107290 podia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107320 secondary podia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107290 podia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107360 juvenile spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107350 spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107370 definitive spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107350 spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107470 ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107460 gonad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107480 testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0107460 gonad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000000 anatomical entity Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000030 oogenesis period Period during which female gametes (or oocytes, or eggs) develop and mature from primordial female germ cells to generate cells competent to further development upon fertilization by a mature spermatozoid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000040 previtellogenic primary oocyte stage A female gamete that is small in size, i.e. about 10 microm in diameter, and that is at the previtellogenic stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103500 echinoderm anatomy Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103510 anatomical structure Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103520 anatomical system A system that has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity. Multicellular, connected anatomical structure that has multiple organs as parts and whose parts work together to achieve some shared function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103530 anatomical region A region of the whole organism without well-defined compartmental boundaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001 entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1 root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_00000000 root node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0000010 life cycle period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ECAO_0103540 anatomical space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000052 characteristic of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002314 characteristic of part of inheres_in a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the characteristic) and any other entity (the bearer), in which the characteristic depends on the bearer for its existence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000079 function of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000052 characteristic of is function of a relation between a function and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000080 quality of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000052 characteristic of quality_of a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000085 has function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000053 has characteristic has_function a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a function, in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000086 has quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000053 has characteristic has_quality a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has_part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps has_part a core relation that holds between a whole and its part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000087 has role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000053 has characteristic has_role a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002327 enables http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002215 capable of is executing c enables p iff c is capable of p and c acts to execute p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002409 indirectly negatively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012012 indirectly regulates indirectly inhibits p indirectly negatively regulates q iff p is indirectly causally upstream of q and p negatively regulates q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002436 molecularly interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002434 interacts with molecularly binds with An interaction relationship in which the two partners are molecular entities that directly physically interact with each other for example via a stable binding interaction or a brief interaction during which one modifies the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002449 directly negatively regulates activity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002448 directly regulates activity of directly inhibits The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that negatively regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A negatively regulates the kinase activity of B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000062 preceded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002086 ends after preceded_by x is preceded by y if and only if the time point at which y ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which x starts. Formally: x preceded by y iff ω(y) <= α(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000081 role of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000052 characteristic of role_of a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps part_of a core relation that holds between a part and its whole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002233 has input http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant consumes p has input c iff: p is a process, c is a material entity, c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and the state of c is modified during p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002314 characteristic of part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002502 depends on inheres in part of q characteristic of part of w if and only if there exists some p such that q inheres in p and p part of w. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002215 capable of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002216 capable of part of has function realized in A relation between a material entity (such as a cell) and a process, in which the material entity has the ability to carry out the process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002331 involved in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002431 involved in or involved in regulation of enables part of c involved_in p if and only if c enables some process p', and p' is part of p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002431 involved in or involved in regulation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002500 causal agent in process involved in or reguates c involved in or regulates p if and only if either (i) c is involved in p or (ii) c is involved in regulation of p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002216 capable of part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002500 causal agent in process has function in c stands in this relationship to p if and only if there exists some p' such that c is capable_of p', and p' is part_of p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002329 part of structure that is capable of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to 0 this relation holds between c and p when c is part of some c', and c' is capable of p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002418 causally upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002501 causal relation between processes influences (processual) p is 'causally upstream or within' q iff p is causally related to q, and the end of p precedes, or is coincident with, the end of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002224 starts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to started by x starts with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: α(y) = α(x) ∧ ω(y) < ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002230 ends with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to finished by x ends with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x ends is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: α(y) > α(x) ∧ ω(y) = ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002407 indirectly positively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012012 indirectly regulates indirectly activates p indirectly positively regulates q iff p is indirectly causally upstream of q and p positively regulates q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002450 directly positively regulates activity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002448 directly regulates activity of directly activates The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that positively regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A positively regulates the kinase activity of B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002025 has effector activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002017 has component activity A 'has effector activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A 'has component activity' B and B is the effector (output function) of B. Each compound function has only one effector activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0040036 results in changes to anatomical or cellular structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant p has anatomical participant c iff p has participant c, and c is an anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002160 only in taxon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002162 in taxon x only in taxon y if and only if x is in taxon y, and there is no other organism z such that y!=z a and x is in taxon z. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002258 developmentally preceded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002324 developmentally related to Candidate definition: x developmentally related to y if and only if there exists some developmental process (GO:0032502) p such that x and y both participates in p, and x is the output of p and y is the input of p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002162 in taxon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002320 evolutionarily related to x is in taxon y if an only if y is an organism, and the relationship between x and y is one of: part of (reflexive), developmentally preceded by, derives from, secreted by, expressed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002286 developmentally succeeded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002384 has developmental potential involving Inverse of developmentally preceded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002384 has developmental potential involving http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002324 developmentally related to x has developmental potential involving y iff x is capable of a developmental process with output y. y may be the successor of x, or may be a different structure in the vicinity (as for example in the case of developmental induction). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002388 has potential to directly develop into http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002387 has potential to develop into x has potential to directly develop into y iff x directly develops into y or x is capable of directly developing into y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000063 precedes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to x precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002223 starts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of inverse of starts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002018 has component process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002180 has component w 'has process component' p if p and w are processes, w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0019000 regulates characteristic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to A relationship that holds between a process and a characteristic in which process (P) regulates characteristic (C) iff: P results in the existence of C OR affects the intensity or magnitude of C. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0019001 positively regulates characteristic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0019000 regulates characteristic A relationship that holds between a process and a characteristic in which process (P) positively regulates characteristic (C) iff: P results in an increase in the intensity or magnitude of C. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0019002 negatively regulates characteristic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0019000 regulates characteristic A relationship that holds between a process and a characteristic in which process (P) negatively regulates characteristic (C) iff: P results in a decrease in the intensity or magnitude of C. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002202 develops from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002254 has developmental contribution from x develops from y if and only if either (a) x directly develops from y or (b) there exists some z such that x directly develops from z and z develops from y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002333 enabled by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to inverse of enables http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002404 causally downstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002427 causally downstream of or within inverse of upstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002412 immediately causally upstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002411 causally upstream of p is immediately causally upstream of q iff p is causally upstream of q, and the end of p is coincident with the beginning of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002448 directly regulates activity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011002 regulates activity of The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A regulates the kinase activity of B. A and B can be physically interacting but not necessarily. Immediately upstream means there are no intermediate entity between A and B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002566 causally influences http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002506 causal relation between entities The entity or characteristic A is causally upstream of the entity or characteristic B, A having an effect on B. An entity corresponds to any biological type of entity as long as a mass is measurable. A characteristic corresponds to a particular specificity of an entity (e.g., phenotype, shape, size). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002490 existence overlaps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002487 relation between physical entity and a process or stage x existence overlaps y if and only if either (a) the start of x is part of y or (b) the end of x is part of y. Formally: x existence starts and ends during y iff (α(x) >= α(y) & α(x) <= ω(y)) OR (ω(x) <= ω(y) & ω(x) >= α(y)) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002263 acts upstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002264 acts upstream of or within c acts upstream of p if and only if c enables some f that is involved in p' and p' occurs chronologically before p, is not part of p, and affects the execution of p. c is a material entity and f, p, p' are processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002304 causally upstream of, positive effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004047 causally upstream of or within, positive effect p is causally upstream of, positive effect q iff p is casually upstream of q, and the execution of p is required for the execution of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002305 causally upstream of, negative effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004046 causally upstream of or within, negative effect p is causally upstream of, negative effect q iff p is casually upstream of q, and the execution of p decreases the execution of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to x overlaps y iff they have some part in common. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002254 has developmental contribution from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002258 developmentally preceded by x has developmental contribution from y iff x has some part z such that z develops from y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002496 existence starts during or after http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002487 relation between physical entity and a process or stage x existence starts during or after y if and only if the time point at which x starts is after or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x existence starts during or after y iff α (x) >= α (y). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002497 existence ends during or before http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002487 relation between physical entity and a process or stage x existence ends during or before y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y ends. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000091 has disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000053 has characteristic a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a disposition, in which the disposition specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000092 disposition of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000052 characteristic of inverse of has disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000120 in left side of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000126 in lateral side of X in left side of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two left and right portions, X is part of the left portion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000121 in right side of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000126 in lateral side of X in right side of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two left and right portions, X is part of the right portion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000126 in lateral side of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of X in lateral side of Y <=> if X is in left side of Y or X is in right side of Y. X is often, but not always a paired structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011002 regulates activity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002566 causally influences The entity A has an activity that regulates an activity of the entity B. For example, A and B are gene products where the catalytic activity of A regulates the kinase activity of B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002411 causally upstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002418 causally upstream of or within p is causally upstream of q iff p is causally related to q, the end of p precedes the end of q, and p is not an occurrent part of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002211 regulates (processual) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002411 causally upstream of p regulates q iff p is causally upstream of q, the execution of p is not constant and varies according to specific conditions, and p influences the rate or magnitude of execution of q due to an effect either on some enabler of q or some enabler of a part of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002212 negatively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002211 regulates (processual) p negatively regulates q iff p regulates q, and p decreases the rate or magnitude of execution of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002213 positively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002211 regulates (processual) p positively regulates q iff p regulates q, and p increases the rate or magnitude of execution of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002180 has component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has_part w 'has component' p if w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002352 input of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to inverse of has input http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002203 develops into http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002387 has potential to develop into inverse of develops from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002387 has potential to develop into http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002384 has developmental potential involving x has the potential to develop into y iff x develops into y or if x is capable of developing into y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002023 directly negatively regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002022 directly regulated by Process(P2) is directly negatively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 negatively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding negatively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 directly negatively regulated by P1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002024 directly positively regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002022 directly regulated by Process(P2) is directly postively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 positively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding positively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 is directly postively regulated by P1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012011 indirectly causally upstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002411 causally upstream of p is indirectly causally upstream of q iff p is causally upstream of q and there exists some process r such that p is causally upstream of r and r is causally upstream of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012012 indirectly regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012011 indirectly causally upstream of p indirectly regulates q iff p is indirectly causally upstream of q and p regulates q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002264 acts upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002500 causal agent in process c acts upstream of or within p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of or within p. c is a material entity and p is an process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002488 existence starts during http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002496 existence starts during or after x existence starts during y if and only if the time point at which x starts is after or equivalent to the time point at which y starts and before or equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: x existence starts during y iff α(x) >= α(y) & α(x) <= ω(y). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002489 existence starts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002488 existence starts during x starts ends with y if and only if the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x existence starts with y iff α(x) = α(y). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002492 existence ends during http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002497 existence ends during or before Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c ceases to exist during some s, if it does not die prematurely. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002493 existence ends with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002492 existence ends during x existence ends with y if and only if the time point at which x ends is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: x existence ends with y iff ω(x) = ω(y). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004031 enables subfunction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to Holds between an entity and an process P where the entity enables some larger compound process, and that larger process has-part P. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004034 acts upstream of, positive effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004032 acts upstream of or within, positive effect c 'acts upstream of, positive effect' p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of p, and the direction of f is positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004035 acts upstream of, negative effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004033 acts upstream of or within, negative effect c 'acts upstream of, negative effect' p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of p, and the direction of f is negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002255 developmentally contributes to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002385 has potential to developmentally contribute to inverse of has developmental contribution from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002334 regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002427 causally downstream of or within inverse of regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002335 negatively regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002334 regulated by inverse of negatively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002336 positively regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002334 regulated by inverse of positively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002385 has potential to developmentally contribute to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002384 has developmental potential involving x has potential to developmentrally contribute to y iff x developmentally contributes to y or x is capable of developmentally contributing to y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002427 causally downstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002501 causal relation between processes inverse of causally upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002500 causal agent in process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002595 causal relation between material entity and a process A relationship between a material entity and a process where the material entity has some causal role that influences the process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002501 causal relation between processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to p is causally related to q if and only if p or any part of p and q or any part of q are linked by a chain of events where each event pair is one where the execution of p influences the execution of q. p may be upstream, downstream, part of, or a container of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002584 has part structure that is capable of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002595 causal relation between material entity and a process s 'has part structure that is capable of' p if and only if there exists some part x such that s 'has part' x and x 'capable of' p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002595 causal relation between material entity and a process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to A relationship that holds between a material entity and a process in which causality is involved, with either the material entity or some part of the material entity exerting some influence over the process, or the process influencing some aspect of the material entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002596 capable of regulating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002500 causal agent in process Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a regulates p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002597 capable of negatively regulating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002596 capable of regulating Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a negatively regulates p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002598 capable of positively regulating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002596 capable of regulating Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a positively regulates p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002608 process has causal agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to Inverse of 'causal agent in process' http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002015 has positive regulatory component activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002013 has regulatory component activity A relationship that holds between a GO molecular function and a component of that molecular function that positively regulates the activity of the whole. More formally, A 'has regulatory component activity' B iff :A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is positively regulated by B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002013 has regulatory component activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002017 has component activity A 'has regulatory component activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is regulated by B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002014 has negative regulatory component activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002013 has regulatory component activity A relationship that holds between a GO molecular function and a component of that molecular function that negatively regulates the activity of the whole. More formally, A 'has regulatory component activity' B iff :A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is negatively regulated by B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002082 simultaneous with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002081 before or simultaneous with x simultaneous with y iff ω(x) = ω(y) and ω(α ) = ω(α), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point and '=' indicates the same instance in time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002229 ends http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of inverse of ends with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002324 developmentally related to p results in the developmental progression of s iff p is a developmental process and s is an anatomical entity and p causes s to undergo a change in state at some point along its natural developmental cycle (this cycle starts with its formation, through the mature structure, and ends with its loss). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002296 results in development of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of p 'results in development of' c if and only if p is a developmental process and p results in the state of c changing from its initial state as a primordium or anlage through its mature state and to its final state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002315 results in acquisition of features of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of The relationship that links a specified entity with the process that results in an unspecified entity acquiring the features and characteristics of the specified entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002428 involved in regulation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002431 involved in or involved in regulation of c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' regulates some p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002429 involved in positive regulation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002428 involved in regulation of c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' positively regulates some p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002430 involved in negative regulation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002428 involved in regulation of c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' negatively regulates some p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002578 directly regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002211 regulates (processual) p directly regulates q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q and p regulates q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002629 directly positively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002578 directly regulates p directly positively regulates q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q, and p positively regulates q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002630 directly negatively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002578 directly regulates p directly negatively regulates q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q, and p negatively regulates q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002081 before or simultaneous with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to <= http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002087 immediately preceded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000062 preceded by starts_at_end_of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002090 immediately precedes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000063 precedes meets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002447 phosphorylates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002436 molecularly interacts with An interaction relation between x and y in which x catalyzes a reaction in which a phosphate group is added to y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002405 immediately causally downstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002404 causally downstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002017 has component activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002018 has component process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002559 causally influenced by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002506 causal relation between entities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002563 interaction relation helper property http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002464 helper property (not for use in curation) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002564 molecular interaction relation helper property http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002563 interaction relation helper property http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002481 is kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002564 molecular interaction relation helper property http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002086 ends after http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004033 acts upstream of or within, negative effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002264 acts upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004032 acts upstream of or within, positive effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002264 acts upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002022 directly regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002334 regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002506 causal relation between entities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004046 causally upstream of or within, negative effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002418 causally upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004047 causally upstream of or within, positive effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002418 causally upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000053 has characteristic is bearer of Inverse of characteristic_of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000056 participates in participates_in a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant has_participant a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002320 evolutionarily related to A relationship that holds via some environmental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002324 developmentally related to A relationship that holds between entities participating in some developmental process (GO:0032502) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0017001 device utilizes material X device utilizes material Y means X and Y are material entities, and X is capable of some process P that has input Y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002434 interacts with A relationship that holds between two entities in which the processes executed by the two entities are causally connected. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to A mereological relationship or a topological relationship http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to A grouping relationship for any relationship directly involving a function, or that holds because of a function of one of the related entities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to relation that links two events, processes, states, or objects such that one event, process, state, or object (a cause) contributes to the production of another event, process, state, or object (an effect) where the cause is partly or wholly responsible for the effect, and the effect is partly or wholly dependent on the cause. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002464 helper property (not for use in curation) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002487 relation between physical entity and a process or stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002502 depends on