Term IRI Term label Parent term IRI Parent term label Alternative term Definition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000083 Anopheles engarensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002211 responses of short blunt single-walled multiporous hair sensilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002210 response of single-walled multiporous hair sensilla When these sensilla are exposed to stimulating vapours, the excited neurones gave a phasic-tonic response. It seems likely that the short blunt single-walled multiporous hair sensila on female antennae are used in the location of oviposition sites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000121 AChE1 F331W http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000114 modified AChE Resistance-associated point mutation of amino acid at position 331 in the insecticide target acetylcholinesterase 1 gene product; this structural change leads to decreased response to the insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000072 2Rc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000068 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome 2R A chromosome 2 found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries the inversion c in its right arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001102 PfROM-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A rhoptric protease, highly specific able to cleave diverse adhesins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002462 adult locomotion behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process A process of locomotion during the adult stage of a vector organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000037 Anopheles balerensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000003 portion of plant tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000001 plant structure A plant structure that consists predominantly of similarly specialized cells of one or more types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000061 Anopheles concolor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003402 Anopheles lewisi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002452 response to microfilarial worm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035006 melanization defense response The worms are enclosed in an acellular layer of melanin, perhaps with the active participation of hemocytes. Subsequently, hemocyte adherence occurs, resulting in a single-layered cellular capsule over the melanized core. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003449 Anopheles separatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001083 Trap http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A transmembrane protein present on the parasite surface and in the micronemes. It is produced by sporozoites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000486 schizogonic periodicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000347 quality of pathogen The time length of each phase of the erythrocytic cycle of the parasite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000472 suppression of T-helper 1 cell mediated immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000005 host immune system process Any process by which T-helper 2 cells stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 1 cell mediated immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000212 clinical examination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000049 diagnostic procedure of malaria Any non-laboratory-assisted process that leads to the presumptive diagnosis of disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000215 examination of blood films http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000049 diagnostic procedure of malaria The examination of the blood film under the microscope leading to a semi-quantitative assessment of parasites present (parasite count). Based on characteristics of observed parasites a diagnosis of parasite species can be achieved. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000217 serological method http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000216 immunological method A method showing the presence of malarial antibodies (from past or present infections) in patient blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000222 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000217 serological method A method using a soluble malarial antigen to detect infection, performed in microtitre plates and, thus, enabling a large number of samples to be processed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000227 tafenoquine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000208 8-aminoquinoline An 8-aminoquinoline antimalarial drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000229 doxycycline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000209 tetracycline antibiotic A tetracycline broad spectrum antibiotic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000230 clindamycin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000209 tetracycline antibiotic A tetracycline broad spectrum antibiotic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000232 minocycline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000209 tetracycline antibiotic A tetracycline broad spectrum antibiotic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDODEN_0000261 pathogen protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001067 protein A protein that is produced by a pathogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDODEN_0000309 GST http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001070 vector protein GSTs catalyse the conjugation of reduced glutathione - via a sulfhydryl group - to electrophilic centers on a wide variety of substrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDODEN_0003607 pupal survey http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDODEN_0003642 collection of entomological data Inspection of randomly selected houses for the presence of containers holding water, and each detected container was sampled to extract and count the number of pupae present. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDODEN_0003612 ovitrap survey http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDODEN_0003642 collection of entomological data Inspection and measurement of randomly left oviposition traps for the presence of larvae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000006 host immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000005 host immune system process Any host immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000008 contagiousness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000635 quality of malaria The ability to spread from one person or species to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000010 immunosuppression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001054 process of human host The act that reduces the activation or efficacy of the immune system due to therapy with immunosuppressant drugs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000012 immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000346 quality of host The quality of being immune. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000016 CD36 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein Is a integral membrane protein found on the surface of various cells. It is thought to have a hairpin-like structure with alpha-helices at the C- and N-termini projecting through the membrane and a larger extracellular loop. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000019 prevalence of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000486 infection prevalence The number of malaria cases existing in a given population at any given time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000022 cell mediated immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000561 host immune effector process An immune response involving a change in the state or activity of a cell in response to stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000024 immunodeficiency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000346 quality of host The condition of a vertebrate host unable to develop a normal immune response usually because of malnutrition or immunosuppressive therapy or disease or other reasons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000026 RTS,S/AS02(A) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000115 plasmodium falciparum vaccine RTS,S/AS02(A) is a pre-erythrocytic vaccine candidate based on Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (CSP). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000028 antibiotic resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000445 resistance to drug A resistance to drug that mitigates the damaging effects of an antibiotic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000033 morbidity of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000430 measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates The term morbidity refers to either the incidence rate, or the prevalence of malaria. This measure of sickness is contrasted with the mortality rate, which is the proportion of people dying during a given time interval. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000036 FMP1/AS02(A ) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000115 plasmodium falciparum vaccine FMP2.1/AS02(A) is a recombinant E. coli-expressed protein based upon the apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA-1) of the 3D7 clone formulated with the AS02A adjuvant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000038 antiparasitic humoral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006959 humoral immune response An immune response against parasites mediated through a body fluid. One example of antiparasitic humoral response is the secretion of antiparasitic antibodies produced by the cells of the B lymphocyte lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000042 invasin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000040 virulence factor An enzyme that degrades hyaluronic acid, found in lysosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000043 toxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000040 virulence factor A toxin is a poisonous substance produced by living cells or organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000047 treatment of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria The therapeutic process for malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000050 chemotherapy of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria The use of antimalarial drugs to kill Plasmodium parasites and, therefore, cure malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000052 arylaminoalcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000018 cinchona alkaloid A class of alkaloids originally extracted from the bark of the Cinchona tree. Usually used for the treatment of acute infection (schizontocidal effect), with mefloquine also used for prophylaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000058 reservoir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A role borne by a material entity by virtue of the fact that it is a habitat in which an infectious agent is persisting and multiplying and from which the infectious agent can be transmitted. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000059 antimalarial drug combination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000423 abiotic object aggregate Combinations of two or more blood schizontocidal drugs, simultaneously used, with independent modes of action and different biochemical targets in the parasite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000068 CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042105 alpha-beta T cell receptor complex CD8 is either composed of disulfide-linked alpha and beta chain heterodimer or two alpha chain homodimer. Each chain consists of one immunoglobulin-like region, one hydrophobic transmembrane region and one cytoplasmic tail. CD8 is a co-receptor and associates with the alpha-beta T cell receptor complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000072 pathogen-host interaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051704 multi-organism process Any process that includes interactions between a parasite and its host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000078 antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000776 leukocyte mediated cytotoxic response Cytolysis of target cells through release of cytokines by natural killer cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, monocytes, T cells or macrophages following engagement of antibodies bound to the target cells by Fc receptors on the effector cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000079 phagocytosis, recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008037 cell recognition The initial step in phagocytosis involving adhesion to parasite and other particulate matter, based on recognition of factors such as parasitical components, opsonins like complement and antibody or protein receptors, leading to intracellular signaling in the phagocytosing cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000080 pathogen-vector interaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051704 multi-organism process Any process that includes interactions between a parasite and its vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000091 progression of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria All clinical features of malaria from infection to cure or death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000094 evasion of vector immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000099 Plasmodium evasion of immune response The ability of a pathogen to evade the immune response of the vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000095 evasion of host immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000099 Plasmodium evasion of immune response The ability of a pathogen to evade the immune response of the host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000096 Plasmodium spread through host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen Any process linked to Plasmodium multiplying in a host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000098 Fc receptor recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000697 receptor recognition The process by which a Fc receptor in the malaria host interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000102 outbreak http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001037 process of malaria epidemiology Outbreak is a classification used in epidemiology to describe a small, localized group of people or organisms infected with a disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000104 complement receptor 1 recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000083 complement receptor recognition The process by which a complement receptor 1 in the malaria host interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000105 immunization of population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000954 process of human host population A process that increases a populations reaction to an infection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000150 lysosome independent killing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000072 pathogen-host interaction The killing of the parasite, and/or parasite components, through lysosome independent mechanisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000152 defensin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein Defensins are cysteine-rich cationic proteins. Most defensins function by binding to microbial cell membrane, and once embedded, forming pore-like membrane defects allowing efflux of essential ions and nutrients. Cells of the immune system contain these peptides to assist in killing phagocytized parasites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000158 malaria control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria The sum of measures taken to prevent the spread of malaria; in its wider sense the term also encompasses the goal of dicreasing malaria morbidity leading, ultimately, to its eradication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000161 hill malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000574 unstable malaria Manifestation of malaria epidemic at altitudes in which the disease is usually absent from, or almost always unstable. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000168 endemic malaria of low epidemic potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000572 endemic malaria Highly endemic type of malaria with a very low incidence of epidemics, except for special circumstances (eg major increase of mosquito breeding places). Mostly found in equatorial Africa, hills and foothills of India, etc. Highly anthropophilic vectors usually transmit the disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000172 ookinete formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen Development of zygote into a banana-shaped and motile form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000178 rupture of oocyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen Rupture of mature oocyst and release into the haemocoel of thousands of immature sporozoites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000181 maturation of sporozoite in salivary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen Not further defined processes after reaaching the lumen of the salivary gland leading to the infective state of the sporozoite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000182 female gametogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen Female gamete maturation process entailing slight morphological changes, as it becomes enlarged and spherical. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000183 male gametogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen Includes the male gamete's DNA three divisions to form eight nuclei. Concurrently, eight flagella are formed that are then shed (exflagellation). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000185 invasion of mosquito midgut epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen The process during which the ookinete moves out of the food bolus, eventually coming to rest at the basal lamina rurrounding the midgut epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000186 development of sporozoite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen All processes from the time of rupture of the oocyst till the moment when the sporozoite has become infective and is located within the salivary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000187 mosquito-borne malaria transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000416 vector borne malaria transmission Classical or normal transmission of malaria through the bite of an anopheline mosquito containing infective sporozoites in its saliva. The sporozoites have developed through the uptake of parasites with a previous bite that occurred at a time that spans the entire sporogonic development (extrinsic incubation period). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000189 deliberate malaria transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000188 iatrogenic malaria transmission Historical iatrogenic transmission aiming at therapy of neurosyphilis or, in newer times, for the experimental trials of vaccines or drugs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000191 falciparum malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000269 pathogen specific form of malaria A form of malaria caused by an infection with Plasmodium falciparum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000198 non-immune military personnel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000196 non-immune immigrant Military personnel of a foreign army (regular army or guerilla) arriving to an infectious area and in need of chemoprophylaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000200 non-immune refugee http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000196 non-immune immigrant Member of a refugee population (including economic, war and political unrest) arriving, voluntarily or not, to a malarious area and in need of chemoprophylaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000201 non-immune traveller http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000196 non-immune immigrant Traveller visiting or residing an infectious area and in need of chemoprophylaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000205 sulfone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000256 type 1 antifolate drug A group of drugs containing a sulfonyl functional group attached to two carbon atoms; they are characterized as type 1 antifolate drugs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000206 sulfonamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000256 type 1 antifolate drug A synthetic antimicrobial drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000207 biguanide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000426 antiparasitic chemical compound A group of antimalarials, known as type 2 antifolate drugs due to the specific inhibition of DHF reductase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000209 tetracycline antibiotic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000426 antiparasitic chemical compound Any of a group of related broad-spectrum antibiotics, isolated from species of Streptomyces or produced semisynthetically. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000032 accelerated resistance to multiple drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000030 resistance to multiple antimalarial drugs A prospensity to readily develop resistance to structurally and mechanistically unrelated compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000002 deficiency of midgut receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector Loss of function of specific midgut receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000073 Strychnos myrtoides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000072 Strychnos A species in the genus Strychnos. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000064 Senna occidentalis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000063 Cassia A species, also known as Cassia occidentalis, in the genus Cassia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001165 human ankyrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein A membrane protein identified as the target of spectrin a cytoskeletal protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003491 Anopheles harperi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000093 Anopheles gabaldoni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002290 stage IIIb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002276 ovarian developmental stages according Christophers The follicle has increased in size considerably but without changing shape. The oocyte occupies >50% to 70% of the length of the follicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000030 decoction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_Process process Decoction is a method of extraction, by boiling, of dissolved chemicals, or herbal or plant material, which may include stems, roots, bark and rhizomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000014 Glutathione S-transferase resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000003 metabolic resistance Metabolic resistance due to quantitative or qualitative changes in GST gene products (phase II metabolic enzymes capable of conjugating reduced glutathione to the electrophilic centers of exogenous and endogenous compounds) resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003578 Anopheles rhodesiensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003404 Anopheles nigerrimus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles, which acts as a minor Indo-Chinese & Malaysian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003620 Anopheles vanhoofi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001251 fourth instar larval stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000639 larval stage The last developmental stage before sclerotization and formation of the pupa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001252 pupal stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000612 Anopheles developmental stage The stage during which the larva transforms into an adult. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001257 non-immune human http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000604 human A human organism that is not protected against infectious disease by either specific or non-specific mechanisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001261 beta thalassaemia-related haemoglobin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001239 thalassaemia-related haemoglobin Any variant haemoglobin with an aminoacid substitution in the beta chain leading to the disease beta thalassaemia when in homozygous state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001273 Romanomermis culicivorax http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001272 nematode A nematode living in slow-moving freshwater, whose larval stages parasitize mosquito larvae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002123 reaction time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInterval temporal interval The period between stimulus and contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002125 nervous system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The precise modulations of contractions of the individual muscles. When expressed together or in a specific sequence, these contractions embody the displacements in space that are interpreted as the expression of particular behaviors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002131 vision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000002 quality The sense by which the qualities of an object (as color, luminosity, shape, and size) constituting its appearance are perceived through a process in which light rays entering the eye are transformed by the retina into electrical signals that are transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002132 unrestricted feeding behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002004 adult feeding behaviour Behaviour displayed by mosquitoes that feed on wider range of hosts, while in habitats in which a wide range of potential hosts is present. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002149 larval respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002146 respiration Larvae use an open respiratory system which impose limitations to the requirement for access to atmospheric oxygen. The mosquito larval tracheal system consist of two wide dorsal longitydinal trunks, two narrower lateral, and branches which run from them to all regions of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002166 hardening and darkening of cuticle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector Three hours after larval-pupal ecdysis the epicuticle darkens. The outer seven lamellae of the procuticle which constitute the outer region of exocuticle darken shortly thereafter, and subsequently the epicuticle and outer exocuticle look like a single homogeneous layer. The colour of the pupal abdomen changes from white at ecdysis to grey after one hour and to dark brown after three hours. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002169 secretion of moulting hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002164 larval development The hormone from the neurosecretory cells of the brain activates the thoracic glands and causes them to secrete the moulting hormone. The thoracic glands requie the continued presence of the brain hormone until the "critical period", when mitosis has begun and there is an adequate supply of moulting hormone in the blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002173 diapause http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000711 condition of malaria vector A condition in which growth or development is suspended and physiological activity is diminished. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002179 living at the water surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002139 larval behavioural process Mosquito larvae have the usual internal organs of ion regulation and also they have four external balloon-like anal papillae, which are capable of ion uptake from very dilute solution. They are anatomically adapted for the specific characteristics of the water surface, notably the surface forces in the air-water interface. Mosquitoes (mostly Culidis) form part of the neuston-the assemblage of small to medium-sized organisms that live at the water surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002181 larval kinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050896 response to stimulus Unoriented movements made in response to particular stimuli. The strength of the response is related to intensity of stimulation. Kineses can have prefixes that denote the nature of the stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002183 grooming http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002139 larval behavioural process Larvae groom themselves by working their mouthparts over accessible parts of the body surface. After their use in feeding and grooming, the mouthparts themselves need to be cleaned, and structures that serve that function are present at the posterior end of the abdomen of the most larvae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002187 larval nutrition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002143 nutritional process The uptake of food ranging from small particles to live invertebrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002203 larval-pupal ecdysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002201 ecdysis The ecdysis between the larval and the pupal stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002204 pupal-adult ecdysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002201 ecdysis The emergence of the adult mosquito from the pupal cuticle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002206 development of the gonadal primordia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002171 histological change The development and differentiation of the gonads and primary sexual characters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002208 development of the compound eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002171 histological change The development of the compound eyes proceeds in a sequence of events - first determination and cellular proliferation, then differentiation - which pass as waves across a region of the head epidermis, the 'prospective eye field', that will transform into the compound eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002224 encoding of receptor potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002125 nervous system process Is the conversion of receptor potentials to action potentials, which are beleived to arise in the cell membrane of the sensory neurone close to the junction between the cell body and axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002232 quality of optical resolution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector For an eye to be capable of resolving fine detail, the angular separation between the receptors must be small. Therefore, in compound eyes the smaller the angle between the optical axes of two adjacent ommatidia, the greater the potential of the eye to resolve detail. The interommatidial angle can be measured in a number of ways. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002237 ommatidial acceptance angle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002233 quality of optical sensitivity The half-width of the Airy disc and the half-width of the rhabdom acceptance function combine to give the half-width of the ommatidial acceptance angle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002242 kinetic response to chemical stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical stimulus They are an important part of feeding behaviour, causing larvae to remain in the location of food sources. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002250 obligatory autogeny http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002248 autogeny Observed in females that do not engorge during the first ovarian cycle, even when hosts are available. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002256 hearing response during mating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002254 senses and flight response during mating The signal to which male mosquitoes respond is the female's flight tone, and this a flying female can never switch off. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002259 developmental changes after blood feeding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process Within 24h of a first blood meal, the epithilial cells of the calyx become flattened and extended and start to develop microvilli, the calyx lumen becomes greatly enlarged, and the calyx assumes the shape of a distened sac. The muscle cells of the calyx undergo rather little development. During this period changes start in the lateral oviducts also, reaching completion by 72h post-blood meal. A distinct lumen forms within each lateral oviduct, the epithelium becomes folded, providing for distension of the lateral oviduct at ovulation, and the luminal surface of the epithelial cells becomes microvillate. The muscles cells grow substantially in volume, and their myofibrils and mitochondria increase in number and degree of organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002274 ovarian cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process In mosquitoes, egg production is a cyclic process. Batches of sister follicles is separate successively from the germania of the many ovarioles, and the follicles of each batch develop synchronously through a sequence of steps until the oocytes they contain are fully formed. The steps from the formation of a batch of mature oocytes constitute an ovarian cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002296 secretion of juvenile hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002295 presence of juvenile hormone Juvenile hormones is released after eclosion and stimulates the devlopment of host-seeking behaviour. Little is known about the regulation of juvenile hormone secretion in mosquitoes. Decapitation immediately after emergence has the same effect on follicle development as allatectomy, which suggests that the brain is involved. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002297 regulation of follicle growth and competenece http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Two developmental gates control the course of previtellogenic development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002305 development of competence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process Short, single walled, multiporous hair sensilla on the antennae of females Aedes, Culex and Anopheles give electrical responses to volatile compounds suspected of being oviposition-site attractants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002308 increased sensitivity of olfactory sensillum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector Mosquitoes that belong to this category contain three types of neurones that variously are excited by lactic acid vapour, inhibited by it or unresponsive to it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002386 onset of delayed inhibition of responsiveness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002341 responsiveness to host cue Non-immediate blocking of responsiveness to host cues. Females remained responsive to host odour for 24h after receiving a 1 micro litre blood enema. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000553 Field's staining http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000551 staining Field's stain is a histological method for staining of blood smears. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000556 Paracheck Pf Rapid test for P. falciparum Malaria (Dipstick) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Orchid Biomedical Systems. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000559 First Response Malaria Ag HRP2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Premier Medical Corporation Ltd. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000560 First Response Malaria Ag Combo (pLDH/HRP2) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Premier Medical Corporation Ltd. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000562 use of nucleic acid probe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000223 molecular method Any method using nucleic acid probes for the detection of malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000575 ICT Malaria Pf Cassette Test (ML01) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from ICT Diagnostics. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000578 imported malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000029 epidemiological type of malaria A case of malaria resulting from the bite of a mosquito in a non malaria region that was carried into non malaria region through any means of transportation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000581 C3b http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein C3b is the principal protein fragment produced when complement component C3 is cleaved by convertases of either the classical or alternative pathway. C3b aids in opsonization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000602 Parahit-Total Device Rapid test for P. falciparum and Pan malarial species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Span Diagnostics Ltd. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000607 SD BIOLINE Malaria Ag http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Standard Diagnostics, Inc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000609 SD BIOLINE Malaria Ag Pf http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Standard Diagnostics, Inc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000612 Anopheles developmental stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001059 process of malaria vector The developmental stages of mosquitoes belonging to the genus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000613 FirstSign-Malaria Pf Card Test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Unimed International, Inc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000616 quinoline methanol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000052 arylaminoalcohol A compound used as an antimalarial drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000620 T cell receptor recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000697 receptor recognition The process by which a T cell receptor in the malaria host interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000621 B cell receptor recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000697 receptor recognition The process by which a B cell receptor in the malaria host interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000622 Malaria Rapid Pf http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Vision Biotech (Pty) Ltd. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000623 Malaria Rapid Combo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Vision Biotech (Pty) Ltd. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000641 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell receptor recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000697 receptor recognition The process by which a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell receptor in the malaria host interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000642 CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell receptor recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000697 receptor recognition The process by which a CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell receptor in the malaria host interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000646 embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000644 vector organism A vector organism in its early stages of development, before it has reached the first larval instar stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000650 immunoglobulin M http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000764 immunoglobulin It is a pentameric gamma globulin protein consisting of five monomers joined by disulfide bonds and the J chain. Each monomer consists of two mu heave chains and either two kappa light chains or two lambda light chains, connected by disulfide bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000653 larva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000644 vector organism The newly hatched, wingless, wormlike form of a vector organism before metamorphosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000662 malaria parasite oocyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000406 malaria parasite organism The encysted form of a parasite organism derived from the ookinete, in which sporogonic multiplication occurs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000670 malaria parasite zygote http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000406 malaria parasite organism A parasite organism at a stage of a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of male and female gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000674 selection of habitat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_Process process The selection of habitat such that the chances of mosquito bites are reduced. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000675 environmental management http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_Process process The management of interaction by the modern human societies with, and impact upon the environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000683 vertical drainage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000678 drainage Drainage of gricultural land by pumped wells to improve the soil. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000694 malaria parasite trophozoite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000406 malaria parasite organism The feeding stage of a parasite organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000700 malaria parasite sporozoite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000406 malaria parasite organism One of the minute elongated bodies resulting from the repeated division of the oocyst during sporogony. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000701 malaria parasite merozoite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000406 malaria parasite organism A vector organism formed during the asexual division of the schizont. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000704 sequestration in malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000072 pathogen-host interaction Is the cytoadherance of parasite infected erythrocytes to vascular endothelium of post-capillary venules in various organs. One of the functions of sequestration is thought to be avoidance of elimination by the spleen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000706 malaria parasite schizont http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000406 malaria parasite organism A parasite organism that has been formed from a trophozoite during the asexual stage of the life cycle of sporozoan protozoans, such as the malaria parasite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000707 suppression of host immune system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000072 pathogen-host interaction Any process by which the pathogen stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of host defence(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000709 suppression of MHC class II upregulation on dendritic cells and macrophages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000072 pathogen-host interaction Any process by which the pathogen stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of MHC class II upregulation on dendritic cells and macrophages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000710 suppression of dendritic cell differentiation and maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000072 pathogen-host interaction Any process by which the pathogen stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell differentiation and/or maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000729 enzyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role Any of numerous proteins or conjugated proteins produced by living organisms and functioning as biochemical catalysts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000747 T cell mediated immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000022 cell mediated immune response An immune response involving a change in the state or activity of a T cell in response to stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000748 B cell mediated immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006959 humoral immune response An immune response involving a change in the state or activity of a B cell in response to stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000759 regulatory T cell mediated immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000747 T cell mediated immune response An immune response involving a change in the state or activity of a regulatory T cell in response to stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000764 immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein Immunoglobulins are gamma globulin proteins consisting of heavy and light chains connected by disulfide bonds. They are synthesized in response to stimulation by an antigen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000765 immunoglobulin G http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000764 immunoglobulin It is a monomeric gamma globulin protein consisting of two gamma heavy chains and either two kappa light chains or two lambda light chains, connected by disulfide bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000776 leukocyte mediated cytotoxic response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000561 host immune effector process The direct killing of a target cell by a leukocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000786 glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein They are glycolipids with the major function of anchoring proteins to cell membrane surfaces. They are particularly abundant in protozoan parasites, where they serve as the predominant mechanism for integrating glycoproteins and phosphosaccharides into membrane lipid bilayers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000811 T-helper 1 cell mediated cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002367 cytokine production during immune response The appearance of cytokines part of the T-helper 1 cell mediated response, due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000902 introduction of predators of mosquito vectors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000900 biological mosquito control A method of mosquito control based on the introduction into the environment of various predators of insect disease vectors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000913 introduction of Lagenidium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001023 usage of fungal pathogens The usage of Lagenidium in a potential vector breeding site/habitat to achieve reduction or elimination of a vector population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001023 usage of fungal pathogens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001020 usage of mosquito pathogens The usage of fungal pathogens of mosquitos, usually for the purpose of mosquito control. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001028 window screen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001025 frame screen A screen preventing insects from crossing an open window. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001038 usage of repellent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000312 use of chemicals Use of chemical repellent to keep vectors far from humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001043 endophily http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector The habit of remaining within a man-made shelter throughout the whole or a definite part of the gonotrophic cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001052 malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000436 infectious disease An acute febrile illness characterized by periodic febrile paroxysms caused by parasites of the genus Plasmodium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001053 occurrence of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria Any case of malaria occurring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001072 P28 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A ookinete surface protein which interacts with laminin gamma1 present in mosquito midgut basal lamina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001073 SOAP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A soluble protein that is expressed and secreted by ookinetes via micronemes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001075 WARP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A micronemal, ookinete, small secreted soluble protein which forms high molecular mass complexes via disulphide bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001078 CDPK3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A protein expressed in ookinetes required to cross the layer between blood meal and the midgut epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001091 STARP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A sporozoite liver stage protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001094 SALSA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A protein expressed in sporozoite and liver stage of parasites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001099 Pf25-IMP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 25 kDa protein which shows affinity to human red blood cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001100 MCP-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 60 kDa protein located at the merozoite apical region and erythrocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001105 PfSUB2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein An integral membrane subtilisin like protease stored in micronemes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001107 laminin gamma1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001070 vector protein A specific protein of a vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001110 Pf12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A merozoite protein containing six-cystein motifs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001112 Pf41 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A merozoite protein containing six-cystein motifs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000005 cytochrome b mutated protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000004 mutated protein The altered protein product of the cytochrome b gene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000006 cytochrome b Y268N substitution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000005 cytochrome b mutated protein The altered protein product of cytochrome b containing a substitution of tyrosine with asparagine at position 268. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000009 PfDHFR mutated protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein The altered protein product of the PfDHFR gene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000012 PfCRT K76T substitution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000008 PfCRT mutated protein The altered protein product of PfCRT containing a substitution of lysine with threonine at position 76. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000014 PfDHFR I164L substitution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000009 PfDHFR mutated protein The altered protein product of PfDHFR containing a substitution of isoleucine with leucine at position 164. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000017 PfDHPS A437G substitution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000010 PfDHPS mutated protein The altered protein product of PfDHPS containing a substitution of alanine with glycine at position 437. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000018 PfDHPS A581G substitution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000010 PfDHPS mutated protein The altered protein product of PfDHPS containing a substitution of alanine with glycine at position 581. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000020 PfDHPS A613T substitution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000010 PfDHPS mutated protein The altered protein product of PfDHPS containing a substitution of alanine to threonine at position 613. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000022 PfDHPS S436A substitution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000010 PfDHPS mutated protein The altered protein product of PfDHPS containing a substitution of serine to alanine at position 436. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000026 mutation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000002 quality A permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene that alters the genetic message carried by that gene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000035 atovaquone-proguanil resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000034 simultaneous resistance to multiple drugs Resistance to the simultaneously used drugs atovaquone and proguanil. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000037 atovaquone resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000031 resistance to single antimalarial drug Resistance to atovaquone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000039 antifolate resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000031 resistance to single antimalarial drug A resistance to the group of antifolate drugs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000040 proguanil resistance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000039 antifolate resistance A resistance to proguanil. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000045 piperaquine resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000031 resistance to single antimalarial drug A resistance to piperaquine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000047 sulfadoxine resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000031 resistance to single antimalarial drug A resistance to sulfadoxine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000001 plant structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000000 plant anatomical entity An anatomical structure that is or was part of a plant, or was derived from a part of a plant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000005 plant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000343 biotic object Any of various photosynthetic, eukaryotic, multicellular organisms of the kingdom Plantae characteristically producing embryos, containing chloroplasts, having cellulose cell walls, and lacking the power of locomotion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000007 Chinchona http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000006 Rubiaceae Cinchona is a genus of about 38 species in the family Rubiaceae, native to the tropical Andes forests of western South America. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000009 Cinchona succirubra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000007 Chinchona A member of the Cinchona family growing in Ecuador. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000018 cinchona alkaloid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000017 quinoline alkaloid An alkaloid based on a cinchonan skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000022 cinchonine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000018 cinchona alkaloid Cinchonan in which a hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by hydroxy (S configuration). It occurs in the bark of most varieties of Cinchona shrubs, and is frequently used for directing chirality in asymmetric synthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000028 quinidine sulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000236 quinidine Is a sulfate salt of quinidine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000031 infusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_Process process An infusion is the process of steeping plants that have desired chemical compounds or flavors in a solvent such as water or oil or alcohol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000034 Cinchona nicrantha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000007 Chinchona A member of the Cinchona family growing in Peru. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000036 Asteraceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000005 plant The Asteraceae is an exceedingly large and widespread family of vascular plants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000038 Artemisia annua http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000037 Artemisia A member of the artemisia family. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000043 Azadirachta indica http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000042 Azadirachta Azadirachta indica is a tree in the mahogany family Meliaceae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000004 target-site resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000021 resistance to single insecticide Resistance caused by a structural change of the insecticide target gene product leading to decreased response to the insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000008 Kdr V1016G http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000113 modified sodium channel Resistance-associated point mutation of amino acid at position 1016 (V-G) in the insecticide target sodium channel gene product causing a structural change and decreased response to the insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000010 Kdr I1011M http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000113 modified sodium channel Resistance-associated point mutation of amino acid at position 1011 (I-M) in the insecticide target sodium channel gene product causing a structural change and decreased response to the insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000011 Kdr I1011V http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000113 modified sodium channel Resistance-associated point mutation of amino acid at position 1011 (I-V) in the insecticide target sodium channel gene product causing a structural change and decreased response to the insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000013 COE quantitatively changed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000002 quality A change of the COE activity; the resulting metabolic resistance is due to up-regulated COE gene products, which more efficiently sequester or metabolize insecticides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000078 enhanced excretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000077 cuticle permeability related resistance Increased cuticle or cell-mediated insecticide excretion. This can lead to resistance due to lower amounts of insecticide inside the insect's body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000080 COEb structural change of gene product in family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000016 qualitatively changed COE Structural change of gene product in family COEb family gene product due to a mutation of the gene resulting in more efficient insecticide sequestration or metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000082 elevated COEa levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000013 COE quantitatively changed Increased enzymatic activity due to a mutation that increases production of COEa gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide sequestration or metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000094 elevated GSTe level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000085 GST quantitatively changed Increased enzymatic activity due to a mutation that increases production of GSTe gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000098 elevated GSTz level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000085 GST quantitatively changed Increased enzymatic activity due to a mutation that increases production of GSTz gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000100 P450 quantitatively changed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000002 quality Changed enzymatic activity due to a mutation that modifies production of P450 gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000109 differential CYP3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000100 P450 quantitatively changed Modified enzymatic activity due to a mutation that modifies production of CYP3 P450 gene products. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000118 modified midgut protease activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000004 mutated protein Modified protease activity caused by a mutation, resulting in differential processing of bacterial pro-insecticides and, thus, reduced toxicity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000126 Kdr L1014F http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000113 modified sodium channel Resistance-associated point mutation of amino acid at position 1014 (L-S) in the insecticide target sodium channel gene product causing a structural change and decreased response to the insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000128 GABA receptor mediated resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000004 target-site resistance Resistance due to mutation leading to structural or quantitative changes of the insecticide target GABA receptor gene product. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000030 growth inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which inhibits growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000183 juvenile hormone analogue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000214 Bacillus thuringiensis toxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000217 Bacillus thuringiensis var. sphaericus toxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000214 Bacillus thuringiensis toxin A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000219 Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai toxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000214 Bacillus thuringiensis toxin A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000223 Bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionensis toxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000214 Bacillus thuringiensis toxin A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000236 uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which uncouples oxidative phosphorylation via disruption of proton gradient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000284 lipid synthesis inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which inhibits lipid synthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000000 genus Bironella http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_43816 anophelinae A genus of Anophelinae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000003 Bironella simmondsi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_53562 Bironella A species of subgenus Bironella. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000005 Bironella hollandi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_53564 Brugella A species of subgenus Brugella. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000017 Anopheles aberrans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000019 Anopheles ahomi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000021 Anopheles albotaeniatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000023 Anopheles alongensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000025 Anopheles annandalei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000027 Anopheles apicimacula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000029 Anopheles argyropus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000032 Anopheles atroparvus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles, which acts as a major North Eurasian & Mediterranean malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000033 Anopheles atropos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000039 Anopheles barbiventris var. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000041 Anopheles barbirostris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000044 Anopheles beklemishevi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000045 Anopheles bengalensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000046 Anopheles borneensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000047 Anopheles bradleyi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000049 Anopheles brevirostris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000051 Anopheles bustamentei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000053 Anopheles caliginosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000057 Anopheles chodukini http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000074 Anopheles cucphuongensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000076 Anopheles dazhaius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000099 Anopheles sumatrana http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000103 Anopheles crockeri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000128 Anopheles benguetensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000148 Anopheles anomalophyllus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000150 Anopheles aquasalis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus, which acts as a major Central & South American malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000152 Anopheles argyritarsis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus, which acts as a major Central & South American malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000153 Anopheles benarrochi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000154 Anopheles braziliensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus, which acts as a minor South American malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000175 Anopheles triannulatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus, which acts as a minor South American malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000178 Anopheles acanthotorynus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_273456 Stethomyia A species of subgenus Stethomyia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000194 Bironella travestita http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_53564 Brugella A species of subgenus Brugella. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000197 BIronella derooki http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000195 Neobironella A species of subgenus Neobironella. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002218 Anopheles aconitus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Malaysian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002221 Anopheles annulatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002227 Anopheles aruni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003478 Anopheles funestus sensu lato A member species of the species complex Anopheles funestus sensu lato. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002229 Anopheles austenii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002230 Anopheles azaniae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002242 Anopheles cameroni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002243 Anopheles carnevalei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000246 artesunate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000210 peroxide antimalarial drug A peroxide antimalarial drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000250 acedapsone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000205 sulfone A drug belonging to the class of sulfones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000252 sulfadimethoxine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000206 sulfonamide A sulfonamide drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000253 sulfadiazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000206 sulfonamide A sulfonamide drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000254 sulfamethoxypyridazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000206 sulfonamide A sulfonamide drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000256 type 1 antifolate drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000426 antiparasitic chemical compound A substance belonging to a class of drugs acting through the inhibition of the enzyme dihydropteroate synthase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000257 doxycycline plus quinine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000142 non-artemesinin based combination An artemisinin-free antimalarial combination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000260 long-lasting insecticidal net http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000259 insecticide-treated net A long-lasting insecticidal net is a factory-treated mosquito net made with netting material that has insecticide incorporated within or bound around the fibres. The net must retain its effective biological activity without re-treatment for at least 20 WHO standard washes under laboratory conditions and three years of recommended use under field conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000263 ancillary treatment of uncomplicated malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000051 ancillary treatment of malaria Therapeutic measures taken, in addition to chemotherapy, to improve the condition of, and cure a patient suffering from uncomplicated malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000266 antipyretic treatment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Treatment of high fever. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000270 cerebral malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000271 severe malaria Any impairment of consciousness or convulsions in a patient exposed to malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000271 severe malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000191 falciparum malaria A form of falciparum malaria where Plasmodium falciparum infections are complicated by serious organ failures or abnormalities in the patient's blood or metabolism. It is characterized by the presence of one or more of prostration, impaired consciousness, respiratory distress (acidotic breathing), multiple convulsions, circulatory collapse, pulmonary edema, abnormal bleeding, jaundice, hemoglobinuria, and sever anemia. The essential pathological feature of severe falciparum malaria is sequestration of erythrocytes containing mature forms of the parasite in the deep vascular beds of vital organs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000277 coma treatment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Treatment of comatose patients according to standard procedures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000280 treatment of severe anaemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Treatment of patients with severe anaemia using packed cells or blood transfusion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000287 treatment of secondary bacterial pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Treatment of patients with a secondary pneumonia according to standard procedures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000310 attachment to hepatocyte cell membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen The process of Plasmodium attaching itself to the cell membrane of the hepatocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000311 formation of parasitophorous vacuole in hepatocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen The process of a parasitophorous vacuole being formed in a hepatocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000315 male mosquito gametocyte stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000313 mosquito gametocyte stage A gametocyte stage in the mosquito midgut that will later develop into a male gamete stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000317 male blood gametocyte stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000299 blood gametocyte stage A blood stage gametocyte that will later develop into a male gamete. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000320 ex-erythrocytic merozoite stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000308 blood stage A developmental stage that arises from the schizogony of a parent cell in an erythrocyte that may continue the asexual or enter the sexual phase of the Plasmodium life cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000324 preparatory phase of malaria eradication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInterval temporal interval The first phase of an eradication campaign. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000325 attack phase of malaria eradication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria The second phase of an eradication campaign. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000331 assignment of accommodation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria As part of the malaria eradication campaign, the assignment of accommodation to workers involved. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000333 procurement of equipment, vehicles, supplies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria As part of the malaria eradication campaign, the procurement of equipment, vehicles, supplies and chemicals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000334 residual house spraying in malaria eradication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria The spraying of houses with residual insecticides during an eradication campaign. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000335 monitoring degree of transmission in malaria eradication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria The continuous epidemiological survey of malaria transmission during an eradication campaign. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000336 surveillance in malaria eradication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria The epidemiological survey of all malaria indicators during an eradication campaign. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000348 interleukin 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein Is a glycoprotein synthesized mainly by CD4 T helper lymphocytes, and has an autocrine effect on the CD4 T cell that produces it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000349 insecticide resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Disposition disposition A heritable change in the sensitivity of a pest population that is reflected in the repeated failure of a product to achieve the expected level of control when used according to the label recommendation for that pest species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000386 interleukin 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein Is a glycoprotein produced mainly by CD4 T lymphocytes. One of its many functions is to induce differentiation of T helper 2 cells from naive CD4 T cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000387 interleukin 13 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein Is a glycoprotein that suppresses cell-mediated immune response. Some of its many effects is suppression of the cytotoxic functions of monocytes/macrophages, and generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000426 antiparasitic chemical compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound A chemical compound bearing an antiparasitic disposition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000498 cold stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001054 process of human host The first phase of the febrile paroxysm, characterized by chills, lasting for 15 to 60 minutes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000499 mild shivering http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000398 shivering A milder form of shivering. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000511 postural syncope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom A syncope that occurs upon assuming an upright position and is caused by inadequate blood flow to the brain resulting from failure of normal vasoconstrictive mechanisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000515 sweating stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001054 process of human host The third phase of the febrile paroxysm, characterized by intense sweating, during which the fever falls and all symptoms diminish while the patient usually sleeps. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001077 celTOS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A micronemal protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001088 human band 3 protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein A human protein expressed in the surface of red blood cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001155 human glycophorin A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein Glycophorin A is a sialoglycoprotein isolated from human erythrocyte membranes which seems to exist as stable dimeric complexes in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001161 clag3.1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A rhoptry protein located in the merozoite apical extreme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001163 clag8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A rhoptry protein located in the merozoite apical extreme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001171 human Duffy blood group antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein A 35 to 43 kDa protein found in erythrocytes. Duffy-negative individuals are completely resistant to P. vivax infections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001188 tidal swamp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000230 coastal wetland A swamp whose water content depends on the tides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001191 tree hole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000967 container A natural cavity in a tree. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001196 crack in mud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000967 container A crack in dried mud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001206 marshy part of lake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000053 freshwater marsh The part of a larger lake that resembles a marsh. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001219 monkey http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000606 primate Any primate that is not a prosimian (lemurs and tarsiers) or an ape. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001220 ape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000606 primate An ape is any member of the Hominoidea superfamily of primates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001225 chimpanzee sensu stricto http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001221 chimpanzee A chimp species found in West and Central Africa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001230 Plasmodium gallinaceum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000127 subgenus Plasmodium A Southe East Asian parasite, often used as a model. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001244 airport malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000578 imported malaria A case of malaria in or near an airport in a non-malarious area transmitted by a mosquito imported by plane from an endemic region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001264 Plasmodium inui http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000127 subgenus Plasmodium A malarial parasite of Old World monkeys that occurs in isolated pockets throughout the Celebes, Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001266 Plasmodium simium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000127 subgenus Plasmodium A parasite causing malaria infections in Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis monkeys. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001267 rodent malaria parasite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001286 malaria parasite A malaria parasite naturally infecting rodents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001268 bird malaria parasite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001286 malaria parasite A malaria parasite naturally infecting birds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001270 subgenus Vinckeia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000126 Plasmodium A subgenus of Plasmodium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001271 Plasmodium chabaudi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001270 subgenus Vinckeia An African rodent parasite, often used as a model. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001277 mosquito parasite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000995 parasite Any organsim that parasitizes mosquitoes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001282 prodromal stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001054 process of human host The events occurring 2 to 3 days before the first malarial paroxysm during which the patient experiences mild symptoms that include malaise, fatigue, lassitude, a desire to stretch the limbs, headache, dizziness, pain in different areas of the body, anorexia, nausea and slight fever. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001284 chemotherapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure The use of defined chemical agents to treat or control disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002012 simple meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000741 blood meal A blood meal resulting from a single feed. It may be complete or, as a result of interruption, incomplete. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002014 multiple feeding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002004 adult feeding behaviour During a single gonotrophic cycle, the female takes more than one blood meal. Multiple feeding involves multiple host contacts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002016 supplementary feeding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002014 multiple feeding Acquisition of additional blood meals after the first during a single gonotrophic cycle, independently of interruption due to disturbance, the feedings being separated by intervals of several hours to a day or more. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002026 short-range approach to the host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process The first step of short-range approach, alighting and exploration; from the perception of cues by the mosquito to the approach of the host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002028 exploration and examination of the body surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process In this step the mosquito walks over the body, rapidly tapping the surface with its labella, and it may fly from one body region to another in order to find a region of vascularized skin into which it can drive its stylets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002033 formation of peritrophic matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The formation of a membrane which is deposited around the ingested blood mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002038 pre-mating coupling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process The process occurring when a male first responds to a female, seizing her and establishing genital contact. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002040 diuresis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002151 adult excretion The rapid production of urine containing principally water and salts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002043 resorption of tubular fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The tubular fluid enters the pylorus from where some may be move forwards for resorption in the midgut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002053 proboscis response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002301 response to sugar solution The searching movements made with the proboscis when the tarsi are stimulated by sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002061 phase of supplementary feeding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002310 adult female feeding behaviour The steps of a second, third or yet further meal acquired in a single gonotrophic cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002065 retraction of peritrophic matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002033 formation of peritrophic matrix In both culicines and anophelines, peritrophic membrane that is secreted in the enterior midgut slowly retracts and twists, forming a plug between the anterior medgut and stomach. A similar plug forms between the stomach and hindgut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002070 distention of midgut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector Immediately after feeding the midgut is hugely distended and for the next hour it is engaged in diuresis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002075 formation of assembly near vertebrate host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002077 formation of assembly Males of a number of species of Aedes and Mansonia assemble around the warm-blooded hosts on which the females feed, and attempt to couple with virgin females that also respond to the host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002081 response to isolated object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002080 response of flying mosquito to visible object Mosquitoes variably approach or avoid visible objects. The responses of mosquitoes to artificial objects have important implications for trap design, but their biological significance is uncertain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002082 response to barrier and boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002080 response of flying mosquito to visible object Mosquitoes (night-flying) may alter their flight paths when confronted with barriers, even when the barriers contain apertures large enough for their passage. Observations showed associations between mosquito flight paths and conspicuous features of the landscape. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002089 release and conservation of energy from sugar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002087 sugar metabolism Three major processes are involved in the release of energy from sugars: (i) glycolysis, which ends in the production of pyruvate; (ii) oxidation in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle; and (iii) further oxidation in the respiratory chain (oxidative phosphorylation). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002090 accumulation and use of the carbohydrate and lipid reserve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002087 sugar metabolism The carbohydrate and lipid reserves present in most mosquitoes at emergence are insufficient for more than a few days' life and, for all males and the females of many species, must be replenished by feeding on plant sugars. A portion of the digestion products from blood meals in converted to glycogen and lipids, the proportion varying with species and with size of female. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002092 formation of ovarian follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector During mosquito embryogenesis pole cells form after cleavage energids have entered the posterior periplasm with its polar granules. The pole mirgrate in to two groups and settled in the 6th abdominal segment, where they become surrounded by mesodermal sheaths and form the gonad rudiments. The pole cells are now called primordial germ cells. By the 4th larval instar the ovaries are already distinct and contain cell clusters within a matrix of smaller cells, the interstitial tissue. By the early pupal stage each ovary has reformed into a group of ovarioles. Later in the pupal stage each ovariole differentiate into a germarium amd a vitellarium compromising one, two or even three ovarian follicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002095 initiation phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002277 ovarian developmental stages according Troy et al. The few hours immediately after a blood meal when follicle growth recommences, with the formation of additional microvilli and coated pits, and vitellogenin synthesis starts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002096 trophic phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002277 ovarian developmental stages according Troy et al. The main period of vitellogenin synthesis and incorporation with rapid oocyte growth, ending with the cessation of vitellogenin synthesis and formation of an intact endochorionic layer between oocyte and epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002099 follicle growth and development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040007 growth The process of the four developmental phases, from the primary follicles to the mature form of the oocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002104 activation while settled on a support http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002022 activation Mosquitoes can be activated by host cues at any time. Unfed, resting females of some species will attack at any hour if disturbed in their shelters by intrusion of a host or stimulated by odour from a nearby host. Such opportunistic biting has been observed in nocturnal mosquitoes disturbed by day. The activation step is readily observed in the laboratory but has seldom been described from the field. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002106 sustained flight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process If the stimulus is olfactory but there is no air movement, as can happen in the laboratory the response is kinetic, i.e an increase in flight speed or frequency of turning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002107 response to expired breath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002079 response to chemical cue Known kairomones include carbon dioxide, octenol, lactic acid and water vapour. Carbon dioxide activates mosquitoes and is used in odour-mediated anemotaxis. Octenol and lactic acid act additively and possibly in some instances synergistically with carbon dioxide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002109 response to thermal stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050896 response to stimulus Mosquitoes can detect heat transfer from vertebrate hosts over short distances, and the manner of heat transfer to which they respond is the subject of the section. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002113 muscular system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The muscles of insects fall into two groups; the skeletal muscle forming bands across the articulations of the body wall, which serve to move one segment on another, and the visceral muscles which invest the internal organs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002118 pupal swimming http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002178 pupal locomotion Only the paddles, powered by the abdominal muscles, function as propulsive organs. The rest of the body has no locomotory function other tham balancing forces of the paddle stroke. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002122 equilibrium during flight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The lower Diptera (Tipulids) have long thin abdomens and long legs which probably ensure their stabilityduring flight. In higher forms (Muscids) their wings-beats create a resultant force which is equal to or greater than the weight of the insect. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002128 caudal sympathetic system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002460 anatomical system Innervates the sexual organs and the posterior segments of the gut is composed of nerves arising from the composite terminal ganglion of the abdomen. The mid-gut, the heart and the Malpighian tubes show continued movements after separation from the central nervous system. The control of these movements is attributed to peripheral ganglion cells; and it has been suggested that it is this autonomous peripheral system that should be called the sympathetic nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002136 response of olfactory sensilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical stimulus The sense of smell in insects is located chiefly in the antennae. The olfactory sensilla of mosquitoes compromise multiporous hair and peg sensilla on the antennal flagella and multiporous peg sensilla on the maxillary palps. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002140 pupal behavioural process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002137 behavioural process The analysis of the movements of the mosquito's pupa into a series of reflexes or observed correlations between stimulus and response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002142 circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The circulation of the blood is maintained by a system of muscular pumps and fibro-muscular septa. The haemolymph has many functions. It provides the tissues that it bathes with nutrients and metabolic intermediates, and it provides a medium for the transport of their chemical wastes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002145 food ingestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002143 nutritional process The process of taking a substance into the body through the mouth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002146 respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The process with which oxygen is conveyed from the atmosphere to the tissues, and how the carbon dioxide resulting from oxidation in the tissues is eliminated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002147 adult respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002146 respiration The intake of oxygen in the adult mosquito. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002150 pupal respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002146 respiration The 1st abdominal spiracles open into the ventral air space, which is enclosed by the pupal mouthparts, wings and legs and which functions in pupal buoyancy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002159 respiratory metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002153 vector metabolic process The rate at which processes of oxidation take place in the living body, varies within wide limits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002162 adult energy metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002153 vector metabolic process Energy metabolism starts when an insect ingests food, which supplies the fuel from which the chemical energy is liberated. Energy can be gained from lipids, carbohydrates, or proteins, but each one of these compounds cannot be used under every condition. The primary energy stores in insects are the fat body and the haemolymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002177 pre-oviposition behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process Is a form of foraging, and it includes responses to the environment at three hierarchical levels: the habitat, the patch or biotope, and the resource item. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002178 pupal locomotion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040011 locomotion The pupae of almost all holometabolous insects are incapable of locomotion; instead the mosquito pupae swim and dive exceptionaly. Although they can swim strongly, they spend most of their time immobile at the water surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002184 adult vision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002131 vision Adult mosquitos have two accurate and sensitive compound eyes. They have the capacity to resolve details of the spatial environment and so permit complex activities such as upwind flight and position holding in swarms. The compound eyes of the adult mosquito arise during the first larval instar as thickenings of the epidermis, called optic placodes, just anterior to the stemmata. The compound eyes of the mosquitoes have the capacity to resolve details of the spatial environment and so permit complex activities such as upwind flight and position holding swarms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002188 blood feeding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002310 adult female feeding behaviour A mode of feeding by females, in which the fascicle is deployed beyond the labella to penetrate the skin of the host, and a large volume of blood is imbibed and passed into the midgut. Blood feeding can be divided into four phases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002192 collecting-gathering http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002069 collecting Is the resuspension and removal of particles deposited on or loosely attached to surfaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002195 post-peak phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector Declining flow rate of urine production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002200 apolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002164 moulting The retraction of the epidermis from the cuticle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002209 metamorphosis of the alimentary canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002171 histological change At metamorphosis some of the tissues that have endopolyploid nuclei undergo somatic reduction and cell divistion to yield a large number of small, apparently de-differentiated cells which are competent to form adult tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002210 response of single-walled multiporous hair sensilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002136 response of olfactory sensilla They are sensitive to olfactory stimuli and occur abundantly on the antennal flagella. The hairs are pointed or blunt and arise without sockets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002212 responses of short pointed single-walled multiporous hair sensilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002210 response of single-walled multiporous hair sensilla These sensilla are stimulated by saturated C3 to C7 fatty acids at unspesific dosage rates. They respond also to ethyl propanoate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002214 responses of blunt single-walled multiporous hair sensilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002210 response of single-walled multiporous hair sensilla These sensilla give mixed responses to fatty acids and volatile oils. Individual neurones within particular classes of sensilla appeared to have shown different sensitivity spectra to the range of carboxylic acids tested. Also the pattern of information provided by these cells could be intergrated to allow refined discrimination of fatty acid odours. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002217 response to octenol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002215 response of single-walled multiporous peg sensilla The neuron with the smallest spike height is sensitive to octenol. This neurone produces bursts of action potentials upon exposure of a sensillum to 2 s pulses of CO2-free air that had passed through a stimulus cartidge containing solutions of 1-octen-3-ol in mineral oil. The sensitivity of the mosquito neurones to 1-octen-3-ol was said to be equivalent to that of lepidopteran sensory neurones to pheromones when tested by similar protocols for stimulus preparation and delivery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002219 response to carboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002218 response of double-walled multiporous peg sensilla When exposed to lactic acid vapour, the grooved peg sensilla of Aedes aegypti exhibited one of three firing patterns: (i) a phasic-tonic increase in spike frequency; (ii) a tonic decrease in the frequency of spontaneous spikes; or (iii) no change in spike frequency. Thus neurones are excited or inhibited or are non-responsive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002222 transduction of receptor potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002125 nervous system process Mechanical deformation of the dendritic membrane, producing receptor potentials. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002229 apposition eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002421 compound eye A compound eye with no separation between the crystalline-cone layer and the retinula, each rhabdom receiving light only from its own corneal lens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002230 superposition eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002421 compound eye A compound eye in which a clear space is interposed between the dioptric apparatus and the retinula, and light from several corneal lenses falls on each rhabdom, producing a much brighter image. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002236 angular sensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002233 quality of optical sensitivity The angular sensitivity of an ommatidium is determined by three parameters: (i) optical blurring by the lens; (ii) the width of the rhabdom tip; nad (iii) the waveguide properties of the rhabdom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002241 protective behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical stimulus In some bodies of water, but not all, the water surface is a hazardous place due to predators. Larvae gain protection by a variety of means, including the occupation of transient biotopes, which often lack predators, or avoidance responses given to surface vibration or visual stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002245 direct orthokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042467 orthokinesis When the movement increases with stimulus strength. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002252 protandry http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector The emergence of males before females into a seasonal breeding population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002257 response of olfactory sensillum during mating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002254 senses and flight response during mating The females of some insects emit long-range signals when sexual receptive, and switch off these signals when unreceptive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002260 swarm quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector The quality of forming and moving in a swarm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002263 marker swarm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002260 swarm quality Occurs in areas of open ground and forms over small areas of visual contrast, for example over patches of paler or darker earth, piles of dunk, bushes, small pools etc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002264 space swarm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002260 swarm quality Forms within breaks in vegetation or at vegetational boundaries, and may be within a range of elevations. The flight paths are delineated by vegetational boundaries or by shafts of sunlight within the breaks. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002267 sexual responsiveness and refractoriness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector The male and female behavioural patterns for sexual stimuli after the completion of their sexual maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002268 male fecundity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector The ability of a male to inseminate a number of females depends upon the supply of both spermatozoa and accessory gland secretion. The average male could fully inseminate four to five females and transmit small amounts of sperm to an additional two to four females. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002270 swarming http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process A strongly cyclic adult behaviour, and most species swarm for short periods around sunset and sunrise. The pattern of flight is specific. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002272 mating in resting sites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process A characteristic of sabethines is that the males patrol the area of vegetation in which conspecific females rest. Of species that assembly in station-keeping swarms, the males and females may rest in the same places, and contact between males and females after arousal can lead to mating. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002280 previtellogenic gate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002275 developmental gates The primary follicles may develop directly to Christopher's stage IIa or IIb after emergence, or may develop to this stage only after the females have fed. The primary follicles of anautogenous females then enter the previtellogenic resting stage, remaining in it until the female has taken a blood meal. The primary follicles of autogenous females pass the previtellogenic gate without arrest, demonstrating the conditional nature of the gates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002282 stage III gate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002275 developmental gates In most anautogenous species, follicles that pass the previtellogenic gate and start to deposit yolk in the oocytes either develop to maturity or are resorbed. There have been a few reports of follicles entering arrest during the course of vitellogenesis, and they indicate the existence of a stage III gate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002285 stage Ia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002276 ovarian developmental stages according Christophers The follicle has separated from the germarium and the oocyte is entirely surrounded by follicular epithelium. The oocyte is not visibly distinct from the nurse cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002287 stage IIa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002276 ovarian developmental stages according Christophers Some very small refractile lipid droplets are visible in the ooplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002288 stage IIb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002276 ovarian developmental stages according Christophers The ooplasm contains fine lipid droplets, these cause the oocyte to appear slightly dark under transmitted light but white by reflected light. No large droplets are visible in the ooplasm, and no ooplasmic inclusions strain with neutral red. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002291 stage IVa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002276 ovarian developmental stages according Christophers The follicle has grown further and has become slightly narrower, starting to assume the shape of a mature oocyte. The oocyte occupies 90% of the follicle length. The nurse cells still appear intact and occupy about 10% of the follicle length. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002293 stage V http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002276 ovarian developmental stages according Christophers The oocyte structures its full length. The follicular epithelium degenerates. Chorionic structures such as the floats (Anopheles), micropyle cup (Culex) or surface sculpturing (Aedes) become fully formed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002294 response to oviposition-attractant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002309 response to chemical cue during pre-oviposition stage and oviposition Attractants are substances that induces gravid females to make oriented movements towards its source. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002301 response to sugar solution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002135 response of gustatory sensilla Electophysiological analysis of the reflex response showed that the labellar muscles are activated some 40ms after stimulation of the aboral sensilla with sucrose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002303 adult response of olfactory sensilla while host-seeking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002136 response of olfactory sensilla Female mosquitoes respond to host odour (CO2 emission, water vapour, volatiles molecules). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002307 response to fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002300 response to oviposition-repellent Fatty acids, i.e. saturated and unsaturated monobasic carboxylic acids, when active with gravid females, tended to induce negative responses. Saturated fatty acids from C2 to C11 yielded significant negative responses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002310 adult female feeding behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002004 adult feeding behaviour In nature mosquitoes feed on nectar or blood. Like some other blood-sucking Diptera, usually pass nectar and other plant juices to the crop and dorsal diverticula, but pass blood to the stomach. This separation of nectar and blood permits females to store nectar meal in the crop, passing slowly to the midgut for absorption, while leaving the stomach empty to receive a blood meal at any time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002313 response to artificial object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002080 response of flying mosquito to visible object The responses of mosquitoes to artificial objects have important implications for trap design, but their biological significance is uncertain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002314 response to shade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002080 response of flying mosquito to visible object Shade can affect mosquito responses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002315 response to visual stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050896 response to stimulus Behavioural patterns expressed as a reaction to visual stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002316 escape behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002241 protective behaviour Larvae and pupae that are at the water surface respond to certain stimuli with escape behaviour, often called an alarm response. Usually this takes the form of diving, and at a visibly more rapid rate than in descents made for feeding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002317 adult responses to visual stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process It is reported that mosquitoes - whether diurnal, crepuscular or nocturnal in activity - fed most often from lighter flowers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002321 synthesis of reserves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector Mosquitoes conform with other insects in maintaining lipid and glycogen stores in the fat body. Glycogen is also stored in the flight muscles, and trehalose is stored in the haemolymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002324 hovering http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector A female that had touched the water surface changed her mode of flight abruptly, beginning to hover, with little displacement in space. Sometimes she stayed in almost exactly the same spot or bobbed up and down 10mm or so vertically or obliqely, or she might swing through an arc of 20-100mm dipping at each end. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002326 response to optical cue during pre-oviposition stage and oviposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002315 response to visual stimuli The optical cues to which gravid females respond at oviposition sites may come from the water body itself or from its immediate surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002347 predator-avoidance behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002241 protective behaviour The presence of a predator has a damping effect on larvae movement. But at higher predator densities larval movement increased again slightly, possibly due to disturbance by the predators. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000086 Anopheles fluminensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000087 Anopheles forattinii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000088 Anopheles fragilis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000089 Anopheles franciscanus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000090 Anopheles freeborni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles, which acts as a major North American malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003485 Anopheles grenieri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003486 Anopheles griveaudi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003488 Anopheles hamoni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003490 Anopheles hargreavesi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003492 Anopheles hervyi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003493 Anopheles hilli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a minor Australasian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003495 Anopheles incognitus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003496 Anopheles indefinitus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003498 Anopheles jamesii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003500 Anopheles jeyporiensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a minor Asian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003508 Anopheles lacani http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003514 Anopheles litoralis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003550 Anopheles nemophilous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003551 Anopheles nili http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a minor Afrotropical malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003552 Anopheles nivipes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003553 Anopheles njombiensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003554 Anopheles notanandai http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003600 Anopheles squamosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003757 Anopheles irenicus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000730 7 days after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Seven days after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2674 amodiaquine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000204 4-aminoquinoline A 4-aminoquinoline schizontocidal drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38462 acetylcholine esterase inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which inhibits acetylcholine esterase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_71692 repellent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role An insecticide that acts as a repellent to insects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23457 cyclodiene organochlorine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24942 juvenile hormone mimic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2555 aldicarb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2630 hydramethylnon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2653 aminocarb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2665 amitraz http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27815 pyrethrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27928 parathion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28201 rotenone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28304 heparin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18085 glycosaminoglycan A highly sulfated linear glycosaminoglycan comprising complex patterns of uronic acid-(1->4)-D-glucosamine repeating subunits. Used as an injectable anticoagulant, it has the highest negative charge density of any known biological molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30260 cyromazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39000 sodium channel modulator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which modulates sodium channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38449 methoxyfenozide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38450 chromafenozide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38451 halofenozide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38452 tebufenozide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38456 moulting disruptor via ecdysone agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000101 moulting disruptor A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38463 alanycarb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38465 butocarboxim http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38470 butoxycarboxim http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38476 carbosulfan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38483 ethiofencarb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38491 formetanate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38495 aluminium phosphide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38504 furathiocarb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38505 isoprocarb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38508 methiocarb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38537 metolcarb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38539 oxamyl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38548 thiodicarb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38549 thiofanox http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38569 trimethacarb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38571 XMC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38576 triazamate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38578 azamethiphos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38587 azinphos-ethyl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38588 cadusafos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38590 chlorethoxyfos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38591 fluacrypyrim http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38592 acequinocyl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38593 fenazaquin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38598 chlorfenvinphos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38603 chlormephos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38604 pyrimidifen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38621 cyanophos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38624 demeton-S-methyl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38626 pyridaben http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38628 tolfenpyrad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38630 indoxacarb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38639 spirodiclofen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33755 tetronic acid derivative A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38640 spiromesifen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33755 tetronic acid derivative A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38658 dicrotophos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38659 dimethylvinphos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38660 bifenazate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of 2-(4-methoxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)hydrazinecarboxylic acid with 2-propanol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38661 disulfoton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38663 ethion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38665 ethoprophos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38677 famphur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38680 fenamiphos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38689 fonofos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38692 fosthiazate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38693 heptenophos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38704 isopropyl O-(methoxyaminothio-phosphoryl)salicylate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38718 mecarbam http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38725 mevinphos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38728 monocrotophos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38729 naled http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38730 omethoate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38735 oxydemeton-methyl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38746 parathion-methyl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38764 phorate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38786 phosmet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38798 flubendiamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38812 phoxim http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38813 benzoximate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38832 phosphamidon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38843 pirimiphos-methyl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38845 profenofos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38858 propaphos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38864 propetamphos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38873 prothiofos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate An organic thiophosphate that is the 2,4-dichlorophenyl ester of O-ethyl S-propyl dithiophosphoric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38876 pyraclofos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38881 pyridaphenthion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38887 pyridalyl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38945 sulfotep http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38949 sulprofos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38951 tebupirimfos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38954 temephos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38960 terbufos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38962 thiometon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38963 triazophos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38990 vamidothion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3903 coumaphos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39091 acrinathrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39115 bioallethrin S-cyclopentenyl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39118 d-trans allethrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39137 d-cis-trans allethrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39163 acetamiprid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39182 neonicotinoid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39171 nitenpyram http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39182 neonicotinoid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39175 thiacloprid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39182 neonicotinoid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39178 clothianidin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39182 neonicotinoid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39182 neonicotinoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39183 dinotefuran http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39182 neonicotinoid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39185 thiamethoxam http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39182 neonicotinoid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39188 bensultap http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39211 spinosad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39213 avermectin and milbemycin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39214 abamectin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39213 avermectin and milbemycin A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39225 milbemectin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39213 avermectin and milbemycin A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39233 emamectin benzoate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39213 avermectin and milbemycin A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39243 kinoprene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000183 juvenile hormone analogue A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39255 methoprene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000183 juvenile hormone analogue A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39260 pyriproxyfen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39275 methyl bromide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39280 bioresmethrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39283 cycloprothrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39285 chloropicrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39287 sulfuryl fluoride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39294 fenbutatin oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39299 diafenthiuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39300 propargite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39314 beta-cyfluthrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39315 clofentezine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39323 gamma-cyhalothrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39325 lambda-cyhalothrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39326 hexythiazox http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39329 etoxazole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39330 tetradifon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39331 alpha-cypermethrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39332 beta-cypermethrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39333 theta-cypermethrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39334 zeta-cypermethrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39341 phenothrin [(1R)-trans- isomer] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39346 esfenvalerate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39347 chlorfenapyr http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39348 etofenprox http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39349 DNOC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39353 fenpropathrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_4034 cyfluthrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_4035 cyhalothrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_4042 cypermethrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5014 fenvalerate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5870 imidacloprid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39182 neonicotinoid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6835 methomyl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8811 resmethrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5009 fenoxycarb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5011 fenpyroximate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5063 fipronil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000109 fipronil / phenylpyrazole A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8121 phosalone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8248 pirimicarb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2870 Phaeophyceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000343 biotic object The Phaeophyceae or brown algae, (singular: alga) is a large group of mostly marine multicellular algae, including many seaweeds of colder Northern Hemisphere waters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_53562 Bironella http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000000 genus Bironella A subgenus of genus Bironella. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_53564 Brugella http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_53562 Bironella A subgenus of genus Bironella. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000114 modified AChE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000004 mutated protein Structural changes of the insecticide target acetylcholinesterase gene product, which decreases its response to the insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000583 hypoendemicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000571 malaria endemicity Hypoendemicity denotes areas where there is little malaria transmission and the effects of malaria on the general population are unimportant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000082 2Rjbcu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000068 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome 2R A chromosome 2 found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries the inversions j, b, c and u in its right arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001211 stagnant ditch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000002 anthropogenic feature A man-made ditch in which water is stagnant due to the lack of natural flow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000213 microscopic blood examination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000049 diagnostic procedure of malaria A routine procedure leading to the identification of parasites in the blood of patients. The method consists of spreading a film of fresh blood on a slide, and examining it with a microscope after staining. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000214 preparation of blood films http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000049 diagnostic procedure of malaria The preparation of a slide covered with fresh blood and then stained with Giemsa or Field's stain in order to be viewed under the microscope. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000220 HRP-2 detection method http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000218 malarial antigen detection A dipstick method using a monoclonal antibody to detect the presence, in the blood, of the PfHRP-2 antigen, present throughout the erythrocytic cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000221 indirect fluorescent antibody test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000217 serological method A routine method that detects species-specific malarial parasite antigens in the blood using fluorescent microscopy. Commercial IFAT slides are available from several manufacturers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000223 molecular method http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000049 diagnostic procedure of malaria A method based on molecular biological techniques aimed at detecting DNA or RNA sequences specific for malaria parasites in the blood of a patient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000081 phagocytosis, killing of parasite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006909 phagocytosis Processes during phagocytosis, resulting in the killing of the ingested parasite, and/or parasite components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000099 Plasmodium evasion of immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen Any process, either passive or active, by which Plasmodium avoids the effects of the host or vector immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000100 emergence of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001037 process of malaria epidemiology The appearance of more than one case of malaria in an area from which, at that time, the disease is absent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000101 spread of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001037 process of malaria epidemiology The process through which malaria spreads from one initial patient to one or more individuals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000103 condition of malaria parasite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001241 condition A condition relating to any species of Plasmodium parasites causing malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000106 vector-host interaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051704 multi-organism process Any process that includes interactions between a pathogen host and the pathogen's vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000108 biological regulation of human host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001054 process of human host Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any biological process, quality or function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000115 plasmodium falciparum vaccine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001055 malaria vaccine A malaria vaccine that protects against malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000117 phagocytosis during adaptive immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006909 phagocytosis The process of phagocytosis during an adaptive immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000118 vaccination of population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000105 immunization of population The administration of antigenic material (the vaccine) to members of a population to produce immunity to a disease in that population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000120 protozoon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000343 biotic object A one-celled eukaryote. That implies that protozoa are unicellular microbes whose cells have membrane-bound nuclei that commonly show characteristics usually associated with animals -- mobility and heterotrophy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000121 scavenger receptor class B recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000097 scavenger receptor recognition The process by which a scavenger receptor class B in the malaria host interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000122 chemoprophylaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria The use of antimalarial drugs for the prevention of infection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000125 apicomplexa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000120 protozoon The Apicomplexa are a large group of protists, characterized by the presence of a unique organelle called an apical complex. They are unicellular, spore-forming, and exclusively parasites of animals. Motile structures such as flagella or pseudopods are absent except in certain gamete stages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000126 Plasmodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000125 apicomplexa Plasmodium is a genus of parasitic protozoa (Phylum: Apicomplexa; Class: Aconoidasida; Order: Haemosporida; Family: Plasmodiidae). Infection with this genus is called malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000128 subgenus Laverania http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000126 Plasmodium A subgenus containing P. falciparum and P. reichenowi, species infecting monkeys and higher primates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000129 Plasmodium falciparum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000128 subgenus Laverania A human parasite causing the malignant form of tertian (pernicious or malignant ) malaria, found in all continents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000131 Plasmodium ovale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000127 subgenus Plasmodium A human parasite causing the less frequent form of benign (ovale) tertian malaria. P. ovale may also infect chimpanzees. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000132 Plasmodium vivax http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000127 subgenus Plasmodium A human parasite causing the most frequent form of benign (simple) tertian malaria. P. viax may also infect chimpanzees and orangutans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000134 non-immune indigenous population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000685 human population of non-immune individuals The non-immune population, excluding immigrants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000139 ASO2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound ASO2 consists of an oil in water emulsion containing the immunostimulants monophosphoryl lipid A and QS-21, a fraction of Quillaia saponaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000140 antibody-dependent opsonization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008228 opsonization The process by which a microorganism (or other particulate material) is rendered more susceptible to phagocytosis, by coating with an opsonin, a blood serum protein such as an antibody or complement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000141 immunoglobulin G1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000765 immunoglobulin G It is a monomeric gamma globulin protein consisting of two gamma 1 heavy chains and either two kappa light chains or two lambda light chains, connected by disulfide bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000142 non-artemesinin based combination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000059 antimalarial drug combination An antimalarial drug combination in which none of the components is artemesinin or one of its derivatrives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000143 artemisinin-based combination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000059 antimalarial drug combination An antimalarial drug combination in which one of the components is artemisinin or one of its derivatives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000162 subtropical seasonal malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000029 epidemiological type of malaria Sharply defined summer epidemics of malaria in areas in which transmission is interrupted from late fall to early spring due to temperatures below the minimum needed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000163 war and conflict malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000029 epidemiological type of malaria Appearance of malaria in areas from which it is absent or in is seldom found, due to reasons such as movements of people, damage to water distribution, depletion of health services, loss of zzoprophylaxis through cattle, etc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000166 sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus mefloquine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000142 non-artemesinin based combination An artemisinin-free antimalarial combination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000167 endemic malaria of high epidemic potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000572 endemic malaria Endemic type of malaria in areas in which, often, non-malarious localities are found; mostly fouund in the plains of South America, India, Sri Lanks and in South-east Asia, etc. Mostly zoophilic vectors usually transmit the disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000169 malaria vector control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001060 process of malaria vector population The measures taken to reduce exposure of a population to vectors in order to reduce the spread of a vector-borne disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000170 completion of gametogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen The process of the maturation of gametocytes taking place inside the food bolus in the mosquito midgut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000171 fertilization (sensu Plasmodium) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen Fertilization of the female gamete by the male microgamete, occuring rapidly after gametogenesis and producing a zygote. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000173 traversion of peritrophic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen The active migration of the ookinete out of the food bolus, through the periptrophic membrane and into the space surrounding the food bolus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000174 invasion of epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen Active invasion of the epitelial cell of the midgut and exit from the cell. The exit can occur towards a neighboring cell or towards the basal lamina surrounding the midgut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000175 attachment to basal lamina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen Attachment to basal lamina of the ookinete after exiting an epithelial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000177 oocyst maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen Growth of the oocyst over the period of a 1-3 weeks to a size of tens to hundreds of microns. During this time, multiple nuclear divisions occur. After oocyst maturation is complete, the oocyst divides to form multiple haploid sporozoites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000179 migration to salivary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen Migration of sporozoites from the site of oocyst rupture to the salivary gland. The sporozoites are surrounded by haemolymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000180 invasion of salivary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen Not clearly described events leading to the traversion of the basal lamina and the epitheliam cells of the salivary gland by the sporozoite, which comes to rest in the female-specific parts of the lumen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000184 exflagellation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen Pairing of each flagellum with a nucleus to form a microgamete, which separates from the parasite cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000188 iatrogenic malaria transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000418 vehicle borne medical malaria transmission Transmission of malaria to patients due to medical interference, such as transmission by contaminated blood transfusion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000190 tetracycline plus quinine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000142 non-artemesinin based combination An artemisinin-free antimalarial combination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000192 vivax malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000269 pathogen specific form of malaria A form of malaria caused by an infection with Plasmodium vivax. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000193 ovale malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000269 pathogen specific form of malaria A form of malaria caused by an infection with Plasmodium ovale. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000194 quartan malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000269 pathogen specific form of malaria A form of malaria caused by an infection with Plasmodium malariae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000197 non-immune immigrant worker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000196 non-immune immigrant Immigrant worker living for a short or longer period in an infectious area and in need of chemoprophylaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000199 non-immune game warden http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000196 non-immune immigrant Non-immune game warden transferred for a short or longer period to an infectious area and in need of chemoprophylaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000202 antimalarial drug role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000040 drug role A role borne by an antiparasitic chemical compound in virtue of the fact that is has antiparasitic disposition and it is applied to an anatomical entity of a living organism to treat (or to provide prophylaxis) from malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000204 4-aminoquinoline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000426 antiparasitic chemical compound A group of blood schizontocides thought to act by being concentrated in the parasite's lysozyme, inhibiting the polymerization of haemin into haemozoin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001098 Stevor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A protein expressed during the parasite's sexual and asexual stages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000079 Anopheles earlei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003585 Anopheles rufipes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000063 Cassia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000058 Fabaceae Cassia is a genus of Fabaceae in the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003748 Anopheles hinesorum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002193 predation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002182 larval feeding behaviour Some mosquito larvae seize and engulf other insects, and often of their own size. The prey is swallowed whole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000401 intermittent preventive therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000122 chemoprophylaxis Intermittent preventive therapy (IPT) is a public health intervention aimed at treating and preventing malaria episodes in infants (IPTi), children (IPTc), schoolchildren (IPTsc) and pregnant women (IPTp), building on two tested malaria control strategies a) to clear existing parasites (treatment effect seen in mass drug administrations) and b) to prevent new infections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000300 sporozoite stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000303 exo-erythrocytic stage The stage of Plasmodium that has been released into the mosquito haemocoel after the rupture of the oocyst. It reaches and penetrates the salivary gland where it stays until transfered into a vertebrate host through a blood meal. It then rapidly invades hepatocytes and is no longer observed in the host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002245 Anopheles carteri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002247 Anopheles cinctus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002250 Anopheles clowi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002252 Anopheles confusus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003478 Anopheles funestus sensu lato A member species of the species complex Anopheles funestus sensu lato. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002253 Anopheles cristatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002255 Anopheles culicifacies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Indo-Iranian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002258 Anopheles daudi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002259 Anopheles deemingi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002264 Anopheles dispar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002266 Anopheles domicola http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002267 Chagasia bonneae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002260 genus Chagasia A species of genus Chagasia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003398 Anopheles franciscoi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003433 Anopheles bifoliata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003462 Anopheles tibiamaculatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003472 Anopheles xiaokuanus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003474 Anopheles ziemanni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003545 Anopheles basilewskyi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003586 Anopheles broussesi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003606 Anopheles superpictus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Mediterranean & Indo-Iranian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003607 Anopheles swahilicus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003608 Anopheles takasagoensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003614 Anopheles theobaldi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003615 Anopheles turkhudi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003617 Anopheles ungujae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003618 Anopheles vagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003619 Anopheles vaneedeni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003478 Anopheles funestus sensu lato A member species of the species complex Anopheles funestus sensu lato. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003622 Anopheles vernus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003623 Anopheles vinckei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003624 Anopheles walravensi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003625 Anopheles watsonii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003626 Anopheles wellcomei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003629 Anopheles wilsoni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003631 Anopheles auyantepuiensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_68877 Kerteszia A species of subgenus Kerteszia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003632 Anopheles bambusicolus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_68877 Kerteszia A species of subgenus Kerteszia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003634 Anopheles boliviensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_68877 Kerteszia A species of subgenus Kerteszia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000523 anorexia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Anorexia is the symptom of poor appetite whatever the cause. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000610 dizziness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Dizziness refers to an impairment in spatial perception and stability. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000731 renal failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom The inability of the kidney to excrete metabolites at normal plasma levels under normal loading, or inability to retain electrolytes when intake is normal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0019175 sweating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom A skin and integumentary tissue symptom characterized as the excretion of moisture in visible quantities through the opening of the sweat glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_DependentContinuant dependent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Continuant continuant A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is either dependent on one or other independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] bearers or inheres in or is borne by other entities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_ConnectedTemporalRegion connected temporal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalRegion temporal region A temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] every point of which is mediately or immediately connected with every other point of which. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_ScatteredSpatiotemporalRegion scattered spatiotemporal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_SpatiotemporalRegion spatiotemporal region A spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] that has spatial and temporal dimensions and every spatial and temporal point of which is not connected with every other spatial and temporal point of which. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_ScatteredTemporalRegion scattered temporal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalRegion temporal region A temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] every point of which is not mediately or immediately connected with every other point of which. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_SpatiotemporalInterval spatiotemporal interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_ConnectedSpatiotemporalRegion connected spatiotemporal region A connected spatiotemporal region [span:ConnectedSpatiotemporalRegion] that endures for more than a single moment of time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInterval temporal interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_ConnectedTemporalRegion connected temporal region A connected temporal region [span:ConnectedTemporalRegion] lasting for more than a single moment of time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001127 RhopH3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 110-kDa rhoptry protein secreted from the organelle into the erythrocyte membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001129 RESA-155 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 155 kDa protein expressed on the surface of ring infected red blood cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001131 HRP-I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A conserved protein 85 to 105 kDa expressed during the middle and late stages of the malarial parasite asexual cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001133 MAHRP-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 29 kDa protein located in Maurer's clefts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001137 Py235 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 235kDA rhoptry protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001139 PPLP-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A putative secreted protein conserved across the Plasmodium species characterized by a MACPF-like domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001140 PPLP-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A putative secreted protein conserved across the Plasmodium species characterized by a MACPF-like domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001145 MSP-3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 48 kDa protein derived from a variable higher molecular weight precursor protein and undergoes proteolytic processing in the parasitoforous vacuole before secreted on the merozoite surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001147 MSP-5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A major membrane protein attached to the merozoite surface through a GPI anchor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001149 MSP-7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A major membrane protein attached to the merozoite surface through a GPI anchor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001151 MSP-9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 191 kDa protein located on merozoite surface and on infected red blood cells within the parasitoforous vacuole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001153 PPLP-5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A putative secreted protein conserved across the Plasmodium species characterized by a MACPF-like domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001187 brackish water non-tidal swamp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000230 coastal wetland A coastal region saturated with brackish water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001193 epiphytic water-bearing plant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000967 container An epiphytic plant in which water accumulates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001195 crab hole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000967 container A small hole in the soil used as a habitat by crabs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001199 open stream with vegetation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000063 water body Fresh water running in a small stream with vegetation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001201 flowing water in canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002006 water Fresh water running slowly in a man-made canal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001217 open well http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000967 container An uncovered artificial excavation, hole or structure for the purpose of withdrawing water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001222 gorilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001220 ape Any primate species of the genus Gorilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001223 orangutan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001220 ape Any of the two ape species of the genus Pongo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001227 Plasmodium cynomolgi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000127 subgenus Plasmodium A South East Asia macaque parasite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001228 Plasmodium knowlesi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000127 subgenus Plasmodium A parasite causing malaria to monkeys and also found to be causing malaria naturally to humans in SE Asia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001234 wild type haemoglobin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001232 human haemoglobin The haemoglobin that is comprised of two alpha and two beta chains encoded by the corresponding wild type genes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001237 haemoglobin E http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001235 variant haemoglobin A commonest variant haemoglobin in the world with a substitution of a lysine for glutamine at position 26 in the beta chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001238 haemoglobin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001235 variant haemoglobin A variant haemoglobin with a substitution of a glutamate for lysine at position 6 in the beta chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001239 thalassaemia-related haemoglobin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001235 variant haemoglobin Any variant haemoglobin with an aminoacid substitution in either alpha or beta chain leading to the disease thalassaemia when in homozygous state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001240 human glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein The first enzyme of the hexose monophosphate shunt whose deficiency leads, among others, to innate resistance to malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001245 transfusion malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000272 induced malaria Malaria cases resulting from the transfusion of blood taken from an infected individual. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001246 disease vector population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001254 population A given population of disease vectors in a specific area. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001272 nematode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000343 biotic object An organsim that taxonomically belongs to the nematodes or roundworms (Phylum Nematoda), one of the most common phyla of animals, with over 80,000 different described species of which over 15,000 are parasitic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001280 Nothobranchius guentheri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001279 annual fish An larvivorous annual fish. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001286 malaria parasite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000995 parasite A parasite causing malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001288 ovalocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000346 quality of host Ovalocytosis is an inherited condition in which a person's red blood cells, which are supposed to be round, instead have a slightly oval or elliptical shape. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001292 wild behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector The fact that an exophilic species will never go indoors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002005 water ingestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002145 food ingestion A small volume of water is imbibed and passed into the midgut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002009 imbibing phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002310 adult female feeding behaviour The phase of the blood feeding from first appearance of blood in the fascicle to the start of withdrawal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002010 withdrawal phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002310 adult female feeding behaviour The phase of the blood feeding from first straightening of the forelegs to complete removal of the stylets from the skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002021 host seeking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process The sequence of behaviour patterns exhibited by mosquitoes responding to hosts over a distance. Host-seeking behaviour terminates once feeding is initiated and blood ingestion begins. For each species, host-finding activity is exhibited during one or more periods in the diel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002036 copulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process The act of sexual intercourse, during which the genitalia are engaged and the aedeagus inserted, and semen is passed to the female. It usually lasts a few seconds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002086 nectar intake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002145 food ingestion The steps needed for the intake of nectar and other plant sources. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002102 hardening and darkening of the chorion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector At oviposition the eggs are soft and white but within an hour the chorion begins to darken and harden. Colour development is uniform over the entire surface of the egg, and after 4h the egg shell looks black and is relatively firm. Superficially at least this process resembles sclerotization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002105 take-off http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process If the stimulus is sight of a moving host, the activated mosquito, may fly directly to the host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002194 larval drinking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002182 larval feeding behaviour Mosquito larvae imbibe substantial volumes of water when feeding and also drink extensively in the absence of food. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002202 larval-larval ecdysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002201 ecdysis The ecdysis between any of the four larval instars. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002205 imaginal disk development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002171 histological change The rudiments of some imaginal disks are present in newly hatched larvae and develop slowly during the larval stage; others appear as late as the 3rd instar. Each imaginal disk is first apparent as a plate of columnar epidermal cells which grows slowly with cell division. Increase in size of the imaginal disks occurs principally during the 4th instar, accompanied by numerous mitoses, and in most cases the disks are shaped only very approximately like the adult appendages at the time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002207 development of the central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002171 histological change The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the central nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain, spinal cord and spinal nerves. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002343 effect of insemination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process The differences in responsiveness on host cues observed between virgin and inseminated females in some mosquito species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002352 regulation of pre-oviposition behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002138 regulation of adult behaviour Behavioural patterns of gravid females that result in arrival at potential oviposition sites and indicate the suitability of such sites are termed pre-oviposition behaviour. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002354 development of the antennal centre http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002207 development of the central nervous system The antennal centres grow slowly compared to the brain as a whole during the larval stage (k=0,8) and very rapidly about the time of larval-pupal ecdysis (k=4). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002355 development of the central body of the nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002207 development of the central nervous system The central body grows most actively in the 4th instar (k=2). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002356 development of the mushroom body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002207 development of the central nervous system The mushroom bodies grow less strongly than the brain as a whole during the larval stage (k=0,5-0,9) but much more strongly in the pupal stage (k=1,8). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002360 encapsulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035006 melanization defense response In most arthropodes encapsulation is initiated when granular haemocytes degranulate upon contact with foreign bodies, and release components of a phenoloxidase-activating system which adhere to them. Plasmatocytes then enclose the foreign objects within an envelope of hihgly flattened cells which becomes pigmented. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002369 kinetic response to an arrestant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002242 kinetic response to chemical stimulus Arrestant is substance that induces animals to remain in its presense through their undirected kinetic responses, either by stopping their locomotion (orthokinesis), or changing their rate of turning (klinokinesis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002370 kinetic response to an attractant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002242 kinetic response to chemical stimulus Attractan is substance that induces animals to make oriented movements towards its source. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002371 larval diving http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002432 larval locomotion A larva spontaneously separates itself from the water surface and descends with a swimming component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002372 larval gliding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002432 larval locomotion A submerged larva, while feeding, moves anteriorly propelled by currents generated by the actions of its mouthparts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002379 vitellogenic stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector During this stage, the nucleolus became more multilobed, ribosome proliferation had been renewed, and the rough endoplasmic reticulum was undergoin reorganization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002382 termination of vitellogenin synthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The mechanism regulating termination of vitellogenin synthesis remains to be fully elucidated. Lysosomal degradation causes the termination but whether this is programmed solely by the fat body or whether other factors are involved remain uncertain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002387 responsiveness of lactic acid-sensitive neurones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The reversible change in sensitivity of the lactic acid-sensitive neurones can account for the switching between host-finding and non-host-finding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002388 effect of 20-hydroxyecdysone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process Injection of picorgram quantities of 20-hydroxyecdysone into ovariectomized females of Aedes aegypti after blood-feeding caused a significant decrease in responsiveness to host cues when tested 72 h after blood-feeding, provided the females had been inseminated and were not deprived of sucrose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002390 recovery of responsiveness to host cue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002341 responsiveness to host cue The return of sensitivity to host cues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002394 behaviour of male and virgin female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002393 behaviour of crepuscular and nocturnal species The behaviours of male and virgin female mosquitoes relate principally to mating and feeding on plant juices. Flight periodicities recorded in the laboratory for four species were characterized by bursts of activity at dusk and, to a lesser extent, dawn with scotophase activity present or not, according to species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002396 behaviour of blood-fed, gravid and parous female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002393 behaviour of crepuscular and nocturnal species Inseminated females that have taken a full blood meal are characteristically inactive during the first stages of vitellogenesis, although they may fly to obtain nectar. Flight activity is resumed once they are gravid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002398 effect of simulated crepuscular conditions and moonlight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process Photoperiods with abrupt transitions of light intensity between the L and D phases induced slightly different periodicities from those of photoperiods with gradual transitions. Abrupt light-ons induced an apparent startle response. In constant dim light within the intensity range of moonlight, flight activity was more intense than in constant darkness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002399 effect of insemination in the adult circadian rhythm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process A rhythm-modifying factor that is transferred to the female during copulation induces changes in the pattern of flight-activity periodicities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002400 feeding on plant sugar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002062 sugar feeding The sugars in plant fluids are an extensively used energy source for both males and females. Mosquitoes also obtain plant-derived sugars from other insects and their excretions. Plant fluids provide both sugars and water, and are an important component of mosquito nutrition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002403 honeydew http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002402 insect source The excretory product of many Homoptera, honeydew, provides a food source for adult Diptera, which secrete saliva on to the dry deposits and imbibe the dissolved sugars. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002404 ant as a sugar source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002402 insect source Adult female mosquitoes of the sabethine genus Malaya have evolved a remarkable manner of acquiring fluids of plant origin: they imbibe fluid regurgitated by ants of the genus Crematogaster. The habit has not been described for males. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002405 diel periodicity of sugar feeding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInterval temporal interval All measurements of the intensities of nectar feeding that have been made over periods of days revealed diel periodicities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002406 female sexual responsiveness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002174 sexual behaviour The females of most mosquito species are sexually unreceptive during the first 30-60h of adult life. During this period they may couple with males but do not become inseminated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002408 response to stimulus born by convection current http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050896 response to stimulus Female mosquitoes respond to warm dry air rising from a heated dish, but respond much more strongly to a human hand. Undoubtedly, convection currents that rise from warm-blooded animals carry such constituents of host odour as water vapour, CO2 and organic volatiles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002412 regulation of the haemolymph http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002411 osmotic and ionic regulation Fluxes immediately bear upon the haemolymph, but the larvae can regulate the composition of their haemolymph to within narrow limits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002427 egg laying behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process The behavioural events leading to oviposition by a gravid mosquito. They usually follow the sequence: ranging flight, orientation, encounter and acceptance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002428 development of the genital imaginal disk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002205 imaginal disk development In Aedes stimulans larvae of both genotypes an imaginal disk appears, during the 3rd instar, as a medial pair of epidermal thickenings in the posteroventral region of the 8th abdominal segment. During the first half of the 4th instar cell division occurs in these thickenings and in the area between them, and the disk develops into two lateral podal buds and a median plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002430 turnover of transductive membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The repeated restructuration of the light sensitive membrane through a cycle of degradation and renewal which is synchronous with the natural diel cycle of illlumination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002432 larval locomotion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040011 locomotion The assortment of movements of mosquito larvae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002436 regulation of alarm behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002434 regulation of larval behaviour Differences in the response thresholds of larvae are heritable and can be modified by their nutritional state. Larvae that are maintained on a suboptimal diet are less likely to display the alarm response when stimulated by light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002439 amino acid absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002032 absorption of the products of digestion Once the proteins have been degraded to their constituent amino acids in the lumen of the gut, they must be absorbed by the midgut epithelial cells and transferred to the haemolymph, from which they can be taken up by the fat body and other tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002441 lipid absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002032 absorption of the products of digestion Several species accumulate fat droplets in midgut cells during blood meal digestion, but the origin of this lipid is unclear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001087 Pb-PL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A phospholipase localized in the surface of sporozoites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001089 Thrombospondin related anonymous protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A protein possibly playing a role in sporozoite invasion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001090 AMA-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A micronemal protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001092 LSA-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A Plasmodium falciparum liver stage specific protein found to encode tandem 17 amino acid repeats. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001093 LSA-3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A highly conserved 200 kDa protein expressed in mosquito and liver stage parasites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001095 SPECT http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A protein produced in sporozoites localized in a mosquito salivary gland or in the liver infective sporozoite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002454 hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000809 cellular process of human host The regulated release of hormones, substances with a specific regulatory effect on a particular organ or group of cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002461 anatomical cluster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002459 anatomical group Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000047 Dichroa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000046 Hydrangeaceae Dichroa is a genus of 12 species of flowering plants in the family Hydrangeaceae, native to eastern and southeastern Asia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000053 Alstonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000052 Apocynaceae Alstonia is a widespread genus of evergreen trees and shrubs from the dogbane family (Apocynaceae). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000054 Alstonia scholaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000053 Alstonia Alstonia scholaris (Apocynaceae, commonly called Blackboard tree, Indian devil tree, Ditabark, Milkwood pine, White cheesewood and Pulai; syn. Echites scholaris L. Mant. , Pala scholaris L. Roberty) is an evergreen, tropical tree native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000055 Gentianaceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000005 plant Gentianaceae are a family of flowering plants of 87 genera and over 1500 species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000058 Fabaceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000005 plant The Fabaceae or Leguminosae, commonly known as the legume, pea, or bean family, is a large and economically important family of flowering plants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000060 Caesalpinia bonduc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000059 Caesalpinia A species in the genus Caesalpinia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000062 medicinal plant disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Disposition disposition The disposition of a plant or its parts to be used to cure disease or relieve pain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000065 Verbenaceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000005 plant Verbenaceae, commonly known as the verbena family or vervain family, is a family of mainly tropical flowering plants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000068 Spilanthes oleracea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000044 Heliantheae A species in the genus Heliantheae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000070 Cryprolepis sanguinolenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000069 Cryptolepis Cryptolepis sanguinolenta is a member of the genus Cryptolepis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000072 Strychnos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000071 Loganiaceae Strychnos is a genus of flowering plants, belonging to family Loganiaceae (sometimes Strychnaceae). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000124 modified Cry http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000116 modified midgut receptor Structural change in the insecticide target Cry gene products resulting in decreased response to insecticides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002222 Anopheles annulipes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002223 Anopheles apoci http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002224 Anopheles arabiensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003480 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato A member species of the species complex Anopheles gambiae sensu lato, which acts as a major Afrotropical malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002225 Anopheles ardensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002226 Anopheles argenteolobatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002228 Anopheles aurirostris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002232 Anopheles baisasi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002234 Anopheles barberellus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002237 Anopheles brucei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003478 Anopheles funestus sensu lato A member species of the species complex Anopheles funestus sensu lato. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002241 Anopheles bwambae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003480 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato A member species of the species complex Anopheles gambiae sensu lato. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000237 proguanil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000207 biguanide A drug of the class of biguanides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000238 chlorproguanil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000207 biguanide A drug of the class of biguanides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000241 pyrimethamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000207 biguanide A drug of the class of biguanides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000243 artemisinine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000210 peroxide antimalarial drug The first natural drug extracted from Artemisia annua. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000247 artelinic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000210 peroxide antimalarial drug A peroxide antimalarial drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000248 lumefantrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000052 arylaminoalcohol An arylaminoaccohol schizontocidal drug. Also used as a prophylactic. Often administered in combination with artemether (Co-artemether). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000251 sulfalene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000206 sulfonamide A sulfonamide drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000255 sulfadoxine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000206 sulfonamide A sulfonamide drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000258 malaria treatment drug role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000202 antimalarial drug role A role borne by an antiparasitic chemical compound in virtue of the fact that is has antiparasitic disposition and it is applied to an anatomical entity of a living organism to treat malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000259 insecticide-treated net http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001026 bednet An insecticide-treated net is a mosquito net that repels, disables and/or kills mosquitoes coming into contact with insecticide on the netting material. There are two categories of ITNs: conventionally treated nets and long-lasting insecticidal nets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000261 conventionally treated insecticidal net http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000259 insecticide-treated net A conventionally treated net is a mosquito net that has been treated by dipping in a WHO-recommended insecticide. To ensure its continued insecticidal effect, the net should be re-treated after three washes, or at least once a year. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000269 pathogen specific form of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000635 quality of malaria A distinct form of malaria that is caused by a specific species of Plasmodium parasite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000275 artemisinin based combination therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000274 malaria combination therapy A combination therapy using artemisinin-based drugs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000278 anticonvulsive treatment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Treatment of seizures with standard anticonvulsive drugs such as benzodiazepines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000286 treatment of septicaemic shock http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Treatment of patients developing a secondary septicaemic shock according to standard procedures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000289 treatment of ruprured spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Treatment of showing signs of a ruptured spleen according to standard procedures, conservative measures taking precedence over surgery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000296 Plasmodium parasite stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen The distinct stages of the life cycle of a protozoon of the genus Plasmodium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000301 invertebrate host stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000296 Plasmodium parasite stage Any life cycle stage of Plasmodium that is spent in the invertebrate host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000303 exo-erythrocytic stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001047 vertebrate host stage Collective name for life cycle stages of Plasmodium referring to the time between inoculation through a blood meal and the first entry into an erythrocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000304 trophozoite stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000308 blood stage A developmental stage of the Plasmodium life cycle found within the erythrocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000305 ex-hepatocytic merozoite stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000303 exo-erythrocytic stage A merozoite produced in the liver of the vertebrate host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000307 hypnozoite stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000303 exo-erythrocytic stage A collective name for Plasmodium parasites of the relapsing kind that found in the liver of the vertebrate host but have arrested their development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000313 mosquito gametocyte stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000301 invertebrate host stage A life cycle stage of Plasmodium transferred into a mosquito with a blood meal into the midgut, that will undergo further development giving rise to gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000319 microgamete stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_SpatiotemporalInterval spatiotemporal interval The stage of the mature male gamete of Plasmodium found in the midgut of the mosquito vector, produced through exflagelation of the male gametocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000321 ring trophozoite stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000304 trophozoite stage A developmental stage of the Plasmodium life cycle found within the erythrocyte, called such because of the shape observed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000326 consolidation phase of malaria eradication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria The third phase of an eradication campaign. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000332 assignment of storage facilities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria As part of the malaria eradication campaign, the assignment of storage facilities for chemicals and other material resources to be used. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000342 malaria vector colonization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001060 process of malaria vector population Colonisation is the process by which a vector species spreads into new areas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000360 pre-patent period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInterval temporal interval The time from the moment of infection till the first discovery of parasites in the blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000376 interleukin 12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein Is a glycoprotein and acts on T cells as a cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor as well as natural killer cell stimulatory factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000396 perforin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein Is a glycoprotein found in granules of CD8 cytotoxic cells and natural killer cells Upon degranulation, perforin inserts itself into the plasma membrane of the target cell, forming a pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000398 shivering http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Involuntary contractions of muscles, mainly of the skin, in response to the chilling effect of low temperatures or fever. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000400 movement of Plasmodium-erythrocyte junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000072 pathogen-host interaction The movement of Plasmodium-erythrocyte junction along the confronted membranes as merozoite enters the invagination in the erythrocyte surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000402 intermittent preventive therapy in children http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000401 intermittent preventive therapy Intermittent preventive therapy in children. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000404 intermittent preventive therapy in schoolchildren http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000402 intermittent preventive therapy in children Intermittent preventive therapy in schoolchildren. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000407 sporozoite rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000109 measurement datum The percentage of female anopheline mosquitoes of a prarticular species that bear sporozoites in their salivary glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000409 parous rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000109 measurement datum The proportion of female mosquitoes that have laid eggs at least once. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000427 site http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_IndependentContinuant independent continuant Comment: An instance of Site [snap:Site] is a mixture of independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] entities which act as surrounding environments for other independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] entities, most importantly for instances of object [snap:Object]. A site [snap:Site] is typically made of object [snap:Object] or fiat object part [snap:FiatObjectPart] entities and a surrounding medium in which is found an object [snap:Object] occupying the site [snap:Site]. Independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] entities may be associated with others (which, then, are site [snap:Site] entities) through a relation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000428 measure relating to aggregate of arthropods http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000109 measurement datum A measure, which refers to a group of arthropods. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000432 amplification/reservoir host capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000430 measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates Measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates, which refers to the absolute contribution made by a particular amplification/reservoir host species to the natural prevalence of infection with a given pathogen among vectors in a certain area. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000437 measure of host infectivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000430 measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates Measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates, which refers to the efficiency with which a pathogen is transmitted from infected vertebrates to feeding arthropods of a given taxon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000440 measure relating to enumeration of aggregate of arthropods http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000428 measure relating to aggregate of arthropods Measure relating to enumeration of an aggregate of arthropods. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000477 merozoite formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen The process during which a merozoite is formed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000481 Plasmodium-erythrocyte junction formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen The process of erythrocyte's membrane thickening in the area where merozoite is attached. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000485 trophozoite formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen The process during which a trophozoite is formed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000501 rigor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Rigor is a shaking occurring during a high fever. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000502 peripheral vasoconstriction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Constriction of a peripheral blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000519 clinical manifestation of specific type of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000487 clinical manifestation of malaria The exhibition of any of the combined symptoms and signs of specific forms of malaria caused by distinct parasites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000524 hyperparasitaemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom A clinical feature of a high number of parasites in the blood, usually higher than 500000 per microlitrer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000525 hypoglycaemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom An abnormally diminished concentration of glucose in the blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000531 splenic rupture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom The result of blunt injury to the spleen leading to its laceration, and haemorrhage from it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000532 circulatory collapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom A circulatory collapse is defined as a general or specific failure of the circulation, either cardiac or peripheral in nature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000535 clinical manifestation of quartan malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000519 clinical manifestation of specific type of malaria The exhibition of any of the combined symptoms and signs of specific forms of malaria caused by P. malariae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000543 acquired immunity to malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Disposition disposition Immunity to malaria gradually acquired by infection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000551 staining http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000049 diagnostic procedure of malaria Staining is an auxiliary technique used in microscopy to enhance contrast in the microscopic image. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000573 stable malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000029 epidemiological type of malaria Classification of malaria denoting that the amount of transmission hardly fluctuates from year to year, but with possible seasonal fluctuation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000579 introduced malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000029 epidemiological type of malaria Cases of malaria contracted locally but derived from imported cases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000585 hyperendemicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000571 malaria endemicity Hyperendemicity is seen in areas with intense but seasonal transmission where the immunity is insufficient to prevent the effects of malaria on all age groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000685 human population of non-immune individuals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001008 human population in malarial areas A human population with no immunity against malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000686 change water levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000684 environmental manipulation Deliberate change of the water surface level through engineering or other measures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000688 change water salinity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000684 environmental manipulation Deliberate change of the water salinity through engineering or other measures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000690 clearing of vegetation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000684 environmental manipulation Deliberate clearing of vegetation linked to standing water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000822 antibody http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A immunoglobulin protein that is secreted into the blood or lymph in response to an antigenic stimulus, such as a bacterium, virus, parasite, or transplanted organ, and that neutralizes the antigen by binding specifically to it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000824 cytokine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role Cytokines serve as chemical communicators from one cell to another as well as being biological response modifiers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000862 insecticide synergist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance that improves the efficacy ofd an insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000891 propyl isome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound A substance acting as an insecticide synergist. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000893 sesamolin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound Sesamol is a natural organic compound which is a component of sesame oil. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000898 tribufos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound A chemical substance that acts as an insecticide synergist. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000930 insecticidal substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound A chemical substance used for killing insects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_Process process A process relating to malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000982 reptile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7742 Vertebrata Reptiles, or members of the class Reptilia, are air-breathing, cold-blooded amniotes that have skin covered in scales or scutes as opposed to hair or feathers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001067 protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound A biological macromolecule minimally consisting of one polypeptide chain synthesized at the ribosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001097 PfSPATR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A protein expressed in several stages of the Plasmodium life cycle containing an altered thrombospondin repeat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001189 small collection of brackish water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000230 coastal wetland Any small collection of brackish water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002013 supplementary meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000741 blood meal A second, third or yet further blood meal acquired in a single gonotrophic cycle through supplementary feeding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002015 interrupted feeding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002014 multiple feeding Acquisition of a blood meal in two or more parts, the mosquito having left its host while only partly fed, due to disturbance, and having resumed feeding soon afterwards on the same or another host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002023 long-range approach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process The navigation of the mosquitoes towards potential hosts through their responses to a variety of cues emanating from them. Some host cues are chemical and others are physical. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002024 pre-attack resting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002310 adult female feeding behaviour The resting of females in their host's proximity after they had approached them and before making a final approach and feeding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002025 short-range approach, alighting and exploration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process The final stage of host finding; it comprises four steps. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002029 digestion of food http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002143 nutritional process The digestion of blood and nectar. The midgut is the principal organ of digestion, but dissaccharides ingested in nectar are at least partly hydrolysed in the crop by a salivary enzyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002032 absorption of the products of digestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector For the female: digestion of blood proteins yields amino acids which are reconstituted in the mosquito's fat body as proteinaceous yolk. This is important for oogenesis. For both sexes: Plant juices provide an important energy source. They are the only food sources for males. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002037 internalization of vitellogenin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector Developing oocytes accumulate proteinaceous yolk by internalizing large amounts of circulating vitellogenin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002042 excretion of tubular fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002040 diuresis The tubular fluid is expelled as urine. Tubular fluids are the unmodified secretion of the Malpighian tubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002044 production of urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002042 excretion of tubular fluid The portion of the tubular fluid that is not absorbed in the hindgut and is moved posteriorly to the rectum where it is modified producing urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002050 single feeding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002004 adult feeding behaviour During a single gonotrophic cycle, the female takes only one blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002051 adult drinking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002004 adult feeding behaviour The fluid intake due to the activity of the cibarial and pharyngeal pumps. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002055 aerobic glycolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002153 vector metabolic process The major pathway by which carbohydrates are degraded in insects for energy release. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002062 sugar feeding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002004 adult feeding behaviour The feeding on sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002064 restricted feeding behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002004 adult feeding behaviour Behaviour displayed by mosquitoes that feed on a few host species only, while in habitats in which a wide range of potential hosts is present. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002069 collecting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002182 larval feeding behaviour Is the feeding mode most common used by mosquito larvae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002072 production of digestive enzymes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector After the organelle synthesis it follows a phase of production of digestive enzymes and absorption of the products of digestion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002074 assembly in station-keeping swarm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002258 response to visual stimulus during mating The males of a number of diptera taxa aggregate in aerials swarms over conspicuous objects or 'swarm markers'. Conspecific females individually fly to these swarms, but little is known of the responses that take them there. At the assembly stations where male and female insects meet, the females usually are recognized by vision, and among insects that form aerial swarms the eyes of the male are specially developed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002076 formation of assembly at emergence site http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002077 formation of assembly In a few species, sexually mature males aggregate at the emergence sites, congregating on or near the water surface. Depending on species, they respond to pupae, to emerging females, to newly emerged females or to teneral females. In most of these species the male antennae are modified. Such males do not respond to the female wing-beat tone. In species in which respond to pupae, the male forelegs are modified. In all of these species, the males beome sexually competent only after inversion of their terminalia, which takes a period of hours, but females are sexually receptive at the time of emergence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002077 formation of assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process The process of gathering at different sites as part of the mating process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002079 response to chemical cue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical stimulus The chemical stimuli are organic and inorganic constituents of host odour. Mosquitos respond to some of these kairomones at a distance from the host as they are carried by the wind, and they respond to some at very short range as they are carried in convection currents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002080 response of flying mosquito to visible object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002315 response to visual stimuli The insect's natural habitat can evoke a response because of the produced visual images. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002085 persistent locomotion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector Continuous flight. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002087 sugar metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002153 vector metabolic process Feeding on nectar and other plant juices provides an immediate energy source and permits the formation of carbohydrate and lipid reserves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002088 formation of carbohydrate and lipid reserves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002087 sugar metabolism Feeding on sugar, and, for females, on blood, leads to accumulations of fat and glycogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002091 process of oogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process The oogonia in the end chamber or germanium become differentiated into oocytes and nurse cells. As the oocytes move backwards they become surrounded by the follicle cells of somatic origin, which compose the hind part of the germarium, and each oocyte in its follicle forms an egg chamber of the vitellarium. As the oocyte grows the cells finally arrange themselves in a single layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002093 response to oviposition-aggregation pheromone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002309 response to chemical cue during pre-oviposition stage and oviposition Gravid females of Culex quinquefasciatus and Cx tarsalis oviposit preferentially on water where already egg rafts have been laid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002094 previtellogenic phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002277 ovarian developmental stages according Troy et al. The period during which follicles separate from the germania, cell types become visibly distinct , the oocytes become competent to incorporate vitellogenin, and a little growth occurs prior to entry into a resting stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002097 post-trophic phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002277 ovarian developmental stages according Troy et al. When the oocyte assumes its mature form and becomes surrounded by an unhardened chorion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002100 chorion formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The chorion is the part of the egg shell that is secreted before oviposition by the follicular epithelium, a maternal tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002103 activation while ranging flight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002022 activation Flying in the absense of resource cues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002108 response to the skin odours http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002079 response to chemical cue Aliphatic acids and other unidentified products of the skin surface serve as kairomones. Certain constituents or hydrolytic products of urine possibly also serve as kairomone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002110 response to visual cue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002080 response of flying mosquito to visible object The role of vision in host finding may differ between day- and night- flying species. Mosquitoes respond to host movement. Night-flying mosquitoes that were beleived to be ranging flight would alter their heading to fly towards inanimate physical objects. Mosquitos is proved that reponse to the length of colour in simple shaped objects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002111 response to aggregation volatile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical stimulus Mosquitos have the ability to apprehend certain volatile host emanations in the air. Only if there is an air movement can they fly towards a distant odour source. If there is not an air movement the mosquitos are unable to orient themselves to the source of the volatiles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002116 coordination of walking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process The nervous arcs through which co-ordination is effected lie in the thoracic ganglia. The fore leg acts as a tractor; the middle leg serves for support, lifting the body on its own side and together with the hind leg raising the posterior part of the body; the hind leg acts as a propulsor and also turns the body in the horizontal plane. The three legs forming the tripod for a time being are not lifted simultaneously but in the order: i)fore-leg ii)opposite middle leg iii)hind-leg. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002117 pupal diving http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002178 pupal locomotion In order to dive, a pupa must partialy strenghthen the abdomen an simultaneously make a backward movementof the trumpet which breaks a its contact with the surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002135 response of gustatory sensilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical stimulus The perception of the qualities of sweet, sour, salt and bitter. Gustatory sensilla are uniporous hair or peg sensilla that respond to stimulating molecules in the liquid phase. In mosquitoes they are present on the legs and mouthparts, and the input from the various sensilla is intergrated centrally. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002151 adult excretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007588 excretion The processes that rid the adult mosquito body of unwanted substances and ensure homeostasis of the hemolymph under conditions of water and salt loading. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002164 moulting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process Primarily a mechanism of growth, conditioned by the properties of the cuticle. There are two aspects to the problem of moulting; i) the initiation of the process of the growth and cuticle ii) the determination of those changes in form that occur during ecdysis. Moulting involves all parts of the body, whether supplied with nerves or not, at the same time. Each moult can be considered as a sequence of events. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002175 male sexual responsiveness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002174 sexual behaviour Male mosquitos become sexually responsive to flying conspecific females 12-36h after emergence, by which time their terminalia have inverted and their antennal fibrilae have become either permanenrly erect or capable of temporary erection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002186 adult nutrition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002143 nutritional process Both sexes require plant juices as an energy source. Female mosquitoes imbibe blood to obtain protein for ovary development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002189 collecting-filtering http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002069 collecting Is the removal of particles suspended in the water column or associated with the water surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002191 shredding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002182 larval feeding behaviour The gnawing and biting-off of small fragments of tissue, whether from plantsor dead invertebrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002196 peak phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector Very rapid flow in the first minutes after the blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002215 response of single-walled multiporous peg sensilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002136 response of olfactory sensilla The pegs, which arise from shallow depressions in the integument, are usually club-shaped but sometimes finger shaped. They are sensitive to olfactory stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002216 response to carbon dioxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002215 response of single-walled multiporous peg sensilla Electrophysiological studies with extracellular electrodes (on female Aedes aegypti) showed that the neurone producing the largest action potentials was the only one sensitive to carbon dioxide. CO2-sensitive neurones were silent in air without CO2, and had response thresholds between 150 and 300 ppm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002218 response of double-walled multiporous peg sensilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002136 response of olfactory sensilla The grooved peg sensilla of Aedes aegypti contain from two to five neurones, usually three. Spike analysis of extracellular recordings from grooved peg sensilla of Aedes epactius revealed spontaneous action potentials of three distinct amplitudes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002220 response to water vapour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002218 response of double-walled multiporous peg sensilla Electrophysiological evidence from different insects suggests that hygrosensory neurons occur in poreless sensilla. It is thought that absorption of water vapour by the cuticular wall results in deformation of the sensillum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002225 responses of the visual pigments and the chromophores http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector Conjugated proteins which are integral constituents of the membranes of photoreceptor organelles. Each consists of a chromophore and a apoprotein to which it is covalently linked. A number of different visual pigments are known from insect eyes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002227 all-trans configuration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002225 responses of the visual pigments and the chromophores When the chromophore is in the all-trans configuration, and the visual pigment is in the meta-state,the absorption peak appears within a much narrower range, usually in the blue but in higher Diptera in the orange. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002341 responsiveness to host cue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process Teneral females are unable to responde to host cues or take a blood meal, but during the first days after emergence their mouthparts and other organs become functional and they develop behavioural capabilities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002344 reserves of teneral adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002321 synthesis of reserves The fat body cells, or trophocytes, of fully grown larvae of Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens are packed with lipid droplets, glycogen granules and vesicles which possibly contain protein, reserves which are carried over to the adult stage. The extent of the reserves depends upon the quality of larval nutrition, and there is some variability betweeen species in the proportions of glycogen and lipid. Unlike the higher Diptera, mosquito adults do not develop and 'adult fat body' differing in structure from that of the larvae. In well-nourished adults the fat body contains deposits of glycogen and lipid but no protein-containing vesicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002345 aggregated distribution of larvae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002139 larval behavioural process In behavioural terms, aggregation is a congregation of animals that does not depend upon social attraction. Such behaviours are due to the fact that most habitats are not uniform. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002346 cannibalism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002182 larval feeding behaviour The attack and consumption of conspecific larvae of the same or an earlier instar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002348 protective coloration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002241 protective behaviour The larvae and pupae of some culicuds are able to lighten or darken their body colour in accordance with the lightness or darkness of the background; others lack this ability. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002351 akinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002181 larval kinesis While in depth, a larva remains motionless, often when near or underneath a leaf. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002359 phenol oxidase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001034 abiotic object The phenol oxidase enzymes are thought to be central to melanin formation. During encapsulation, polyphenol derivates probably cross-link with proteins from the haemolymph and haemocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002363 metamorphosis of the muscular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007552 metamorphosis Great changes take place in the muscular system during metamorphosis. Most larval head muscles are histolysed but some are carried over to the adult, developing the fine structure of adult muscle and aquiring new relationships with different parts of the head. New muscles arise and the sides and floor of the head become traversed by belts of small myoblasts whose origin is uncertain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002365 sexual differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process Sexual dimorphism in adult mosquitoes is expressed in a number of ways: (i) in the structure of the gonads; (ii) in th eprimary sexual characters which are derived from the genital imaginal disks; and (iii) in secondary sexual characters such as the adult antennae, maxillary palps and body size. Innate behavioural differences between the sexes reflets dimorphism in the structure and function of the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002373 chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002180 taxis Tactic responses to chemical compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002392 adult circadian rhythm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048511 rythmic process The outward expression of an internal oscillator system that entrains to significant 24h oscillations in the external environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002416 adult circa-bi-dian rhythm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048511 rythmic process A biological rhythm with a natural period of about 48 h. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002423 flight metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002162 adult energy metabolism Insect flight muscle is the most metabolically active tissue known. Flight can be powered by sugar, lipid or proline metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002446 activation of proteolytic cascade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002153 vector metabolic process The process of sequential activation of multiple proteases and other substrates, ultimately resulting in localized and highly regulated responses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000105 structural change of product in CYP12 gene family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000099 qualitatively changed P450 Structural changes in CYP12 P450 gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000108 differential CYP15 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000100 P450 quantitatively changed Modified enzymatic activity due to a mutation that modifies production of CYP15 P450 gene products. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000110 differential CYP4 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000100 P450 quantitatively changed Modified enzymatic activity due to a mutation that modifies production of CYP4 P450 gene products. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000115 modified GABA receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000004 mutated protein Structural changes of the insecticide target GABA receptor gene product, which decreases its response to the insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000194 methyl bromide and other alkyl halides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39275 methyl bromide A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000289 spirotetramat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33755 tetronic acid derivative A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000085 Anopheles fausti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000091 Anopheles freyi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000136 Anopheles mediopunctatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000140 Anopheles minor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000142 Anopheles namibiensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000143 Anopheles neomaculipalpus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000157 Anopheles dunhami http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000158 Anopheles evansae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000160 Anopheles ininii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000161 Anopheles lanei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000163 Anopheles marajoara http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000803 Anopheles gambiae chromosomal form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003829 Anopheles gambiae A form of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto differentiated by defined chromosomal rearrengements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002249 Anopheles hispaniola http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a minor Mediterranean & Afro-Arabian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002268 Anopheles dravidicus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002275 Anopheles erythraeus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002276 Anopheles ethiopicus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002277 Anopheles faini http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002278 Anopheles farauti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Australasian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003430 Anopheles levicastilloi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003476 Anopheles fontinalis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003477 Anopheles freetownensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003479 Anopheles fuscivenosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003478 Anopheles funestus sensu lato A member species of the species complex Anopheles funestus sensu lato. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003481 Anopheles garnhami http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003482 Anopheles gibbinsi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003483 Anopheles grassei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000124 Anopheles lindesayi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000131 Anopheles malefactor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000135 Anopheles maverlius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003405 Anopheles nilgiricus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003407 Anopheles noniae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003501 Anopheles karwari http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a minor Australasian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003507 Anopheles kosiensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003509 Anopheles leesoni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003478 Anopheles funestus sensu lato A member species of the species complex Anopheles funestus sensu lato. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003512 Anopheles limosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003515 Anopheles lloreti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003518 Anopheles lounibosi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003520 Anopheles ludlowae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Malaysian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003522 Anopheles lungae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003523 Anopheles macarthuri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003524 Anopheles machardyi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003528 Anopheles maliensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003531 Anopheles mascarensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000452 9 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Nine hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000015 genus Anopheles A subgenus of genus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000027 data item http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 information content entity A data item is an information content entity that is intended to be a truthful statement about something (modulo, e.g., measurement precision or other systematic errors) and is constructed/acquired by a method which reliably tends to produce (approximately) truthful statements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 information content entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_GenericallyDependentContinuant generically dependent continuant An information content entity is an entity that is generically dependent on some artifact and stands in relation of aboutness to some entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000109 measurement datum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000027 data item A measurement datum is an information content entity that is a recording of the output of a measurement such as produced by a device. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000040 drug role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A role borne by a molecular entity and is realized in a process of absorption by an organism alters, or effects (or is assumed to effect) a function(s) which inhere in an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000967 container http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001034 abiotic object A device that can be used to restrict the location of material entities over time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0100026 organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000003 anatomical structure A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000047 biological sex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000002 quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to undergo sexual reproduction in order to differentiate the individuals or types involved. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000383 female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000047 biological sex A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population that only produces gametes that can be fertilised by male gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000384 male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000047 biological sex A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population whose sex organs contain only male gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VO_0000001 vaccine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A vaccine is a processed material with the function that when administered, it prevents or ameliorates a disorder in a target organism by inducing or modifying adaptive immune responses specific to the antigens in the vaccine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000359 malaria host recovery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001054 process of human host The process of a malaria host recovering from the disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002273 oostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The mechanisms that prevent development of another series of follicles in gravid females. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000226 primaquine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000208 8-aminoquinoline An 8-aminoquinoline antimalarial drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000228 tetracycline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000209 tetracycline antibiotic A tetracycline broad spectrum antibiotic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000231 lincomycin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000209 tetracycline antibiotic A tetracycline broad spectrum antibiotic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDODEN_0000307 COE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001070 vector protein An enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction of a carboxylic ester + H2O wich equals to an alcohol + a carboxylate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDODEN_0003642 collection of entomological data http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001037 process of malaria epidemiology The collection of data relating to the entomology of the disease, to be processed and used for the survey of the state of the disease in a given area. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000005 host immune system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001054 process of human host Any host process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system,an organismal system of calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000009 latency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000347 quality of pathogen The ability of a pathogen to lie dormant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000011 exogenous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000347 quality of pathogen The pathogen is not normally present in the host body, but have gained entrance from the environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000015 bulaquine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000208 8-aminoquinoline An 8-aminoquinoline antimalarial drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000017 mortality of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000430 measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates Mortality rate is a measure of the number of deaths due to malaria in some population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000023 zoonotic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000635 quality of malaria A disease that can be transmitted from animals to people. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000029 epidemiological type of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000635 quality of malaria The quality of forms of malaria that are different from the epidemiological point of view. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000030 invasiveness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000347 quality of pathogen The ability to enter into a living body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000032 toll like receptor 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein A toll-like receptor that is a translation product of the TLR2 gene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000034 toll like receptor 9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein A toll-like receptor that is a translation product of the TLR9 gene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000035 scavenger receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000373 receptor Scavenger receptors recognize modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) by oxidation or acetylation, as well as other various ligands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000040 virulence factor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000341 factor A virulence factor is a molecule produced by a pathogen that specifically causes disease, or that influences the host's function to allow the pathogen to thrive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000044 endotoxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000043 toxin A toxin that is associated with certain bacteria. Classically, an "endotoxin" is a toxin that, unlike an "exotoxin", is not secreted in soluble form by live bacteria, but is a structural component in the bacteria which is released mainly when bacteria are lysed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000045 exotoxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000043 toxin An exotoxin is a toxin excreted by a microrganism, including bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000049 diagnostic procedure of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria A procedure used for the diagnosis of malaria, including the precise pathogen causing the disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000051 ancillary treatment of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria Therapeutic measures taken, in addition to chemotherapy, to improve the condition of, and cure a malaria patient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000053 colonization factor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000341 factor A factor mediating colonization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000054 adhesion factor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000341 factor A factor mediating cell to cell or cell to tissue adhesion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000056 carrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000408 host A person or other organism that has contracted an infectious disease, but who displays no symptoms. Although unaffected by the disease themselves, carriers can transmit it to others. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000057 chronic carrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000056 carrier A carrier who harbors and transmits an infectious agent for an indefinite period. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000061 conventional dendritic cell activation during immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000295 dendritic cell activation during immune response A change in the morphology and behaviour of a conventional dendritic cell resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000063 pathogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A role borne by an object in virtue of the fact that it is sufficiently close to an organism towards which it has the pathogenic disposition to allow processes resulting in disorder to occur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000066 secondary pathogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000063 pathogen An infectious microorganism, often a bacterium, that is normally a commensal or does not harm its host but can cause additional complications, especially during the course of severe malaria (e.g. pneumonia, etc.). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000067 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042105 alpha-beta T cell receptor complex CD4 is a monomeric membrane glycoprotein consisting off four extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains, one hydrophobic transmembrane region and one cytoplasmic tail. CD4 is a co-receptor and associates with the alpha-beta T cell receptor complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000069 gamma-delta T cell mediated immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000747 T cell mediated immune response An immune response involving a change in the state or activity of a gamma-delta T cell in response to stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000082 malaria transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051704 multi-organism process The process by which an infectious agent passes from one organism to another organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000083 complement receptor recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000697 receptor recognition The process by which a complement receptor in the malaria host interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000084 Plasmodium penetration of host cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen The process of entry of a Plasmodium parasite into a host cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000086 fusion with invertebrate host cell membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000080 pathogen-vector interaction The first steps in the process of the penetration of the host cell during which a Plasmodium organism fuses with the membrane of an invertebrate host's cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000088 passage through invertebrate host cell membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000080 pathogen-vector interaction The process of a Plasmodium organism penetrating and passing through an invertebrate host cell membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000093 condition of human host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001241 condition A condition mostly relating to the human host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000097 scavenger receptor recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000697 receptor recognition The process by which a scavenger receptor in the malaria host interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000107 CD36 recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000121 scavenger receptor class B recognition The process by which CD36 in the malaria host interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000109 Plasmodium life cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen The course of developmental changes through which an Plasmodium organism passes from its inception as a fertilized zygote to the stages that can produce another zygote. . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000113 phase variation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0020033 antigenic variation The process of Plasmodium that leads to alteingr the antigens on the outer surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000114 genetic variability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0020033 antigenic variation Genetic variability is a measure of the tendency of individual genotypes in a population to vary from one another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000116 epidemic malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001037 process of malaria epidemiology Spread of malaria across a population beyond what is characterized as endemic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000119 malaria prevention in individuals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001054 process of human host Malaria prevention includes all methods used by a person to avoid from contracting malaria. This is of importance both for inhabitants of a malaria-endemic area and visitors to that area. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000123 Fc-gamma receptor I recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000098 Fc receptor recognition The process by which a Fc-gamma receptor I in the malaria host interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000124 phagocytosis during innate immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006909 phagocytosis The process of phagocytosis during an innate immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000127 subgenus Plasmodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000126 Plasmodium A subgenus containing all species infecting monkeys and higher primates with the exception of P. falciparum and P. reichenowi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000130 Plasmodium reichenowi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000128 subgenus Laverania An African Chimpanzee parasite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000133 Plasmodium malariae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000127 subgenus Plasmodium A human parasite causing quartan malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000135 P. falciparum vaccine Combination B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000115 plasmodium falciparum vaccine A malaria vaccine that comprises recombinant Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) blood-stage proteins MSP1, MSP2 and RESA, formulated with the adjuvant Montanide ISA 720. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000137 agglutination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000809 cellular process of human host Agglutination is the clumping of cells, parasites, or particles, which may or may not occur in the presence of antibodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000138 neutralization during immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000561 host immune effector process The ability of antibodies to block the site(s) on parasites, that is being used for entering target cell and/or inhibiting cytoadherance during an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000144 artesunate and chloroquine combination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000143 artemisinin-based combination An artemisinin-based combination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000145 artesunate and amodiaquine combination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000143 artemisinin-based combination An artemisinin-based combination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000146 artesunate and mefloquine combination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000143 artemisinin-based combination An artemisinin-based combination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000147 sporogony http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen The part of the life cycle in the mosquito host, that gives rise to infectious sporozoites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000148 artemether and lumefantrine combination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000143 artemisinin-based combination A widely used artemisinin-based combination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000149 lysosome dependent killing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000072 pathogen-host interaction The killing of the parasite, and/or parasite components, through lysosome dependent mechanisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000151 artesunate and sulfadoxine plus pyrimethamine combination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000143 artemisinin-based combination An artemisinin-based combination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000153 sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000142 non-artemesinin based combination An artemisinin-free antimalarial combination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000154 lysozyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein It is a protein encoded by the LYZ gene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000155 sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus chloroquine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000142 non-artemesinin based combination An artemisinin-free antimalarial combination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000157 schizogony http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen The part of the life cycle spent in the vertebrate host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000164 urban malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000029 epidemiological type of malaria Malaria in urban and suburban areas due to the malfunctioning of water distribution system; often linked to increased urbanization going along with problematic sanitation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000165 malaria of development workers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000029 epidemiological type of malaria Appearance of local malaria epidemics die to the assembly of labour force (e.g. "developments" leading toi odified environment). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000195 monkey malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000269 pathogen specific form of malaria Very rare zoonotic or accidental infections of humans with any of, at least, six species of simian malaria parasites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000196 non-immune immigrant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001257 non-immune human The term includes immigrant members of populations in disease-endemic areas who have not yet acquired protective immunity against the disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000208 8-aminoquinoline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000426 antiparasitic chemical compound Drugs thought to be particularly active against hypnozoites and gametocytes, believed to be converted to quinone active metabolites in the liver. Used as an anti-relapse drug for vivax and ovale malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000210 peroxide antimalarial drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000426 antiparasitic chemical compound A group of natural drugs derived from the Chinese medicinal plant Artemisia annua and their synthetic or semi-synthetic analogues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000211 naphthoquinone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000426 antiparasitic chemical compound Slow acting drug acting on the electron transport chain of the malarial mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002333 response to elevation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002327 response to other visual and physical parameters during pre-oviposition stage and oviposition The oviposition sites of all ground-water mosquitoes are necessarily at ground-level, but for many species that develop in phytotelmata, the oviposition site is above ground level. This height varies from very moderate to very substantial, the most elevated larval habitats being those of some forest-inhabiting species that live in tree-holes or epiphytic bromeliads. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000580 Parahit-f DIPSTICK FOR FALCIPARUM MALARIA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Span Diagnostics Ltd. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003414 Anopheles parapunctipennis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000002 quality A quality which refers to vectors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria A general therapeutic procedure applied for malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001059 process of malaria vector Those processes are specifically unique to the functioning of intergrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002320 oviposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The act of depositing eggs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002334 response to certain combination of factors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002327 response to other visual and physical parameters during pre-oviposition stage and oviposition The responses of gravid females to particular oviposition-site characteristics might change when experienced simultaneously with other characteristics. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002335 response to water movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002327 response to other visual and physical parameters during pre-oviposition stage and oviposition The species Anopheles minimus is known to lay eggs in small, shaded pools adjacent to running water. The females were little influenced by continuous surface ripples. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002336 response to soil surface characteristic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002327 response to other visual and physical parameters during pre-oviposition stage and oviposition For its acceptability to gravid females, three characteristics of soil are important, namely: the soil type, the moisture content and the soil texture. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000097 Anopheles simlensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000098 Anopheles refutans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000101 Anopheles oedjalikalah http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000102 Anopheles pantjarbatu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000125 Anopheles pleccau http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000145 Anopheles paraliae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000165 Anopheles nuneztovari http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus, which acts as a minor South American malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000166 Anopheles oswaldoi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000168 Anopheles parvus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000169 Anopheles pictipennis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000170 Anopheles rangeli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000171 Anopheles rondoni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000172 Anopheles sanctielii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000015 genus Anopheles A subgenus of genus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003408 Anopheles obscurus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003409 Anopheles occidentalis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003410 Anopheles okuensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003411 Anopheles omorii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003412 Anopheles palmatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003413 Anopheles paludis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003415 Anopheles peditaeniatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003416 Anopheles perplexens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003417 Anopheles peryassui http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003418 Anopheles petragnani http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003419 Anopheles peytoni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003421 Anopheles pinjaurensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003422 Anopheles plumbeus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003423 Anopheles pollicaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003424 Anopheles powderi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003425 Anopheles powelli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003426 Anopheles pseudobarbirostris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003427 Anopheles pseudomaculipes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003428 Anopheles pseudopictus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003429 Anopheles pseudopunctipennis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles, which acts as a major Central & South American malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003431 Anopheles rivadeneirai http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003432 Anopheles patersoni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003435 Anopheles pseudosinensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003436 Anopheles pseudostigmaticus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003437 Anopheles pullus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003438 Anopheles punctimacula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles, which acts as a major Central & South American malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003439 Anopheles punctipennis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003440 Anopheles pursati http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003441 Anopheles quadrimaculatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles, which acts as a major North American malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003442 Anopheles rachoui http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003443 Anopheles reidi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003444 Anopheles roperi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003446 Anopheles samarensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003448 Anopheles ohamai http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003450 Anopheles shannoni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003451 Anopheles similissimus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003452 Anopheles sinensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles, which acts as a major Chinese malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003453 Anopheles sineroides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003455 Anopheles sintonoides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003456 Anopheles smaragdinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003557 Anopheles pallidus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003558 Anopheles paltrinieri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003559 Anopheles pampanai http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003560 Anopheles parangensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003561 Anopheles parensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003478 Anopheles funestus sensu lato A member species of the species complex Anopheles funestus sensu lato. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003562 Anopheles pattoni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a minor North Eurasian & Chinese malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003563 Anopheles pauliani http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003564 Anopheles pharoensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Afro-Arabian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003565 Anopheles philippinensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a minor Indo-Iranian & Malaysian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003567 Anopheles pseudojamesi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003568 Anopheles pseudowillmori http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003569 Anopheles pujutensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003570 Anopheles pulcherrimus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a minor Indo-Iranian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003571 Anopheles punctulatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Australasian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003572 Anopheles quadriannulatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003480 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato A member species of the species complex Anopheles gambiae sensu lato. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003574 Anopheles radama http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003575 Anopheles ranci http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003576 Anopheles rageaui http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003577 Anopheles rennellensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003579 Anopheles rupicola http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003580 Anopheles riparis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003581 Anopheles rivulorum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003478 Anopheles funestus sensu lato A member species of the species complex Anopheles funestus sensu lato. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003582 Anopheles rodhaini http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003583 Anopheles roubaudi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003587 Anopheles salbaii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003588 Anopheles saungi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003589 Anopheles sawadwongporni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003590 Anopheles schueffneri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003591 Anopheles schwetzi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003593 Anopheles sergentii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Afro-Arabian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003595 Anopheles seydeli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003611 Anopheles orientalis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003641 Anopheles pholidotus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_68877 Kerteszia A species of subgenus Kerteszia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003642 Anopheles rollai http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_68877 Kerteszia A species of subgenus Kerteszia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003646 Anopheles oiketorakras http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003643 Lophopodomyia A species of subgenus Lophopodomyia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003647 Anopheles pseudotibiamaculatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003643 Lophopodomyia A species of subgenus Lophopodomyia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003704 Anopheles persiensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003767 Anopheles ovengensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000021 delirium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Delirium is an acute and relatively sudden (developing over hours to days) decline in attention-focus, perception, and cognition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EFO_0004426 karyotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000002 quality A karyotype is the number and appearance of chromosomes in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000017 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato karyotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EFO_0004426 karyotype The karyotype of the members of the Anopheles gambiae species complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000018 jcu/jcu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype A karyotype having an homozygous j, c and u 2R chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000019 jbcu/jcu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype A karyotype having a j, b, c and u inverted 2R chromosome over a j, c, and u inverted 2R chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000020 jbcu/jbcu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype A karyotype having an homozygous j, b, c and u inverted 2R chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000022 bcu/bcu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype A karyotype having an homozygous b, c and u inverted 2R chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000023 cu/bcu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype A karyotype having a c and u inverted 2R chromosome over a b, c, and u inverted 2R chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000024 cu/cu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype A karyotype having an homozygous c and u inverted 2R chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000025 b/bcu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype A karyotype having a b inverted 2R chromosome over a b, c, and u inverted 2R chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000026 b/cu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype A karyotype having a b inverted 2R chromosome over a c, and u inverted 2R chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000027 b/b http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype A karyotype having an homozygous b inverted 2R chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000029 +/bcu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype A karyotype having a b,c and u inverted 2R chromosome over wild type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000031 +/b http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype A karyotype having a b inverted 2R chromosome over wild type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000032 +/+ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype A karyotype having an homozygous wild type 2R chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000033 u/+ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype A karyotype having a u inverted 2R chromosome over wild type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000034 u/u http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype A karyotype having an homozygous u inverted 2R chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000035 bc/+ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype A karyotype having a b and c inverted 2R chromosome over wild type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000036 bc/u http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype A karyotype having a b and c inverted 2R chromosome over a u inverted 2R chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000037 bc/bc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype A karyotype having an homozygous b and c inverted 2R chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000017 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato karyotype The karyotype of the members of the Anopheles gambiae species complex focusing on the right arm of the second chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000066 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato nuclear chromosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000228 nuclear chromosome A chromosome found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000067 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000066 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato nuclear chromosome A chromosome found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries inversions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000068 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome 2R http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000067 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome A chromosome 2 found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries inversions in its right arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000069 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome 2L http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000067 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome A chromosome 2 found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries inversions in its left arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000073 2Rd http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000068 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome 2R A chromosome 2 found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries the inversion d in its right arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000075 2Ru http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000068 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome 2R A chromosome 2 found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries the inversion u in its right arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000076 2Rjd http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000068 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome 2R A chromosome 2 found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries both the inversions j and d in its right arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000084 2Rbc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000068 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome 2R A chromosome 2 found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries both the inversions b and c in its right arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000067 Anopheles amharicus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003480 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato A member species of the species complex Anopheles gambiae sensu lato found in South Africa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Disposition disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_RealizableEntity realizable entity A realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] that essentially causes a specific process or transformation in the object [snap:Object] in which it inheres, under specific circumstances and in conjunction with the laws of nature. A general formula for dispositions is: X (object [snap:Object] has the disposition D to (transform, initiate a process) R under conditions C. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Object object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_MaterialEntity material entity A independent continuant entity that is spatially extended, maximally self-connected and self-contained (the parts of a substance are not separated from each other by spatial gaps), and possesses an internal unity; the identity of substantial objects is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time and through loss and gain of parts and qualities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_ObjectAggregate object aggregate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_MaterialEntity material entity A independent continuant entity that is a mereological sum of separate objects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_RealizableEntity realizable entity A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant entity in virtue of the kind of thing that it is, but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant entity in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_SpatialRegion spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Continuant continuant A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is neither bearer of quality [snap:Quality] entities nor inheres in any other entities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_Process process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_ProcessualEntity processual entity A processual entity that is a maximally connected spatio-temporal whole, and has bona fide beginnings and endings corresponding to real discontinuities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_SpatiotemporalRegion spatiotemporal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_Occurrent occurent Spacetime and spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] entities are entities in their own rights which exist independently of any entities which can be located at them. This view of spacetime can be called "absolutist" or "the container view". In BFO, the class processual context [span:ProcessualContext] allows for a so-called relational view of spacetime, that is to say, a view according to which spatiotemporality is a matter of relative location between entities and not a matter of being tied to spacetime. In BFO, the bridge between these two views is secured through the fact that instances of processual context [span:ProcessualContext] are too spatiotemporal entities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalRegion temporal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_Occurrent occurent An occurrent [span:Occurrent] that is part of time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance An amino-acid anion that has formula CH2NO2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17514 cyanide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18085 glycosaminoglycan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound Any polysaccharide containing a substantial proportion of aminomonosaccharide residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18172 fluoroacetate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38999 GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which acts as GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2953 azinphos-methyl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2959 azocyclotin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3014 benfuracarb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35883 phosphine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38473 azadirachtin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39292 organotin miticide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000224 oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39361 flumethrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39367 tau-fluvalinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39368 halfenprox http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39370 chlorfluazuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38494 benzoylurea A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39374 fluazuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38494 benzoylurea A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39375 flucycloxuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38494 benzoylurea A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39382 flufenoxuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38494 benzoylurea A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39383 hexaflumuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38494 benzoylurea A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39384 lufenuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38494 benzoylurea A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39385 novaluron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38494 benzoylurea A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39386 noviflumuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38494 benzoylurea A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39387 teflubenzuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38494 benzoylurea A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39388 triflumuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38494 benzoylurea A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39391 prallethrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39392 rU 15525 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39393 silafluofen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39397 tetramethrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39399 tetramethrin [(1R)- isomers] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39400 tralomethrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39402 ZXI 8901 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39404 empenthrin [(EZ)- (1R)- isomers] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39411 chloropropylate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_4036 cyhexatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_4388 deltamethrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6009 isofenphos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6842 methoxychlor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6908 trichlorfon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8712 quinalphos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000003 anatomical structure Anatomical structure that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000081 blood cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000988 hematopoietic cell A cell found predominately in the blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000542 lymphocyte A type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000094 granulocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000766 myeloid leukocyte A leukocyte with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000182 hepatocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell The main structural component of the liver. They are specialized epithelial cells that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules. Majority of cell population of liver, polygonal in shape, arranged in plates or trabeculae between sinusoids; may have single nucleus or binucleated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000232 erythrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000081 blood cell A red blood cell. In mammals, mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing hemoglobin whose function is to transport oxygen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000234 phagocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role Any cell capable of ingesting particulate matter via phagocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000236 B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000945 lymphocyte of B cell lineage A lymphocyte of B lineage with the phenotype CD19-positive and surface immunoglobulin-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000451 dendritic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000738 leukocyte A cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000492 CD4-positive helper T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000912 helper T cell A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that cooperates with other lymphocytes via direct contact or cytokine release to initiate a variety of immune functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000542 lymphocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000738 leukocyte A cell of the B cell, T cell, or natural killer cell lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000545 T-helper 1 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000492 CD4-positive helper T cell A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype T-bet-positive and produces interferon-gamma. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000546 T-helper 2 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000492 CD4-positive helper T cell A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype GATA-3-positive and produces interleukin-4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 natural killer cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000542 lymphocyte A lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germ line encoded activation receptors and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000624 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000791 mature alpha-beta T cell A mature alpha-beta T cell that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor and the CD4 coreceptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000625 CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000791 mature alpha-beta T cell A T cell expressing an alpha-beta T cell receptor and the CD8 coreceptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000738 leukocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000988 hematopoietic cell A nucleated cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages, found in blood or other tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000766 myeloid leukocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000738 leukocyte A cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, or mast cell lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000775 neutrophil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000094 granulocyte Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000782 myeloid dendritic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000990 conventional dendritic cell A dendritic cell of the myeloid lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000784 plasmacytoid dendritic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000451 dendritic cell A dendritic cell type of distinct morphology, localization, and surface marker expression from other dendritic cell types and associated with early stage immune responses, particularly the release of physiologically abundant amounts of type I interferons in response to infection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000789 alpha-beta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 T cell A T cell that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000791 mature alpha-beta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000789 alpha-beta T cell A alpha-beta T cell that has a mature phenotype. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000794 CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000910 cytotoxic T cell A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that is capable of killing target cells in an antigen specific manner with the phenotype perforin-positive and granzyme B-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000798 gamma-delta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 T cell A T cell that expresses a gamma-delta T cell receptor complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000815 regulatory T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 T cell A T cell which regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000899 T-helper 17 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000492 CD4-positive helper T cell CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype RORgamma-t-positive that produces IL-17. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000910 cytotoxic T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000911 effector T cell A mature T cell that differentiated and acquired cytotoxic function with the phenotype perforin-positive and granzyme-B positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000911 effector T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 T cell A differentiated T cell with the ability to traffic to peripheral tissues that has acquired helper or cytotoxic functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000912 helper T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000911 effector T cell A effector T cell that provides help in the form of secreted cytokines to other immune cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000945 lymphocyte of B cell lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000542 lymphocyte A lymphocyte of B lineage is a lymphocyte that expresses CD19 (P15391/CD19_HUMAN;PIRSF016630) on the cell surface. An additional defining characteristic is the commitment to express an immunoglobulin complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000988 hematopoietic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell of a hematopoietic lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000990 conventional dendritic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000451 dendritic cell Conventional dendritic cell is a leukocyte that has a high plasma membrane amount of CD11c and lacks plasma membrane part CD19, CD3, CD34, and CD56. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2 bacteria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000343 biotic object A unicellular prokaryotic microorganism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4751 fungi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000343 biotic object A fungus is an eukaryotic organism that is a member of the kingdom Fungi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_68877 Kerteszia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000015 genus Anopheles A subgenus of genus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000092 Anopheles fuscicolor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16130 DDT http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25355 mitochondrial complex III electron transport inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which inhibits mitochondrial complex III electron transport chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18723 nicotine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37397 chondroitin sulphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18085 glycosaminoglycan Any of a class of 10--60 kDa glycosaminoglycan sulfates, widely distributed in cartilage and other mammalian connective tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38500 mitochondrial complex IV electron transport inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which inhibits mitochondrial complex IV electron transport chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39276 fumigant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which acts as a fumigant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3093 bifenthrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3218 buprofezin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32253 transfluthrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39234 hydroprene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000183 juvenile hormone analogue A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39389 imiprothrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62608 aconitase inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role An enzyme inhibitor that interferes with the function of aconitase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32687 piperonyl butoxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound A benzodioxole that has formula C19H30O5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33755 tetronic acid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3390 carbaryl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34304 fenobucarb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3436 cartap http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34520 acephate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34556 bendiocarb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34572 bioallethrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38634 voltage-dependent sodium channel blocker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38721 methamidophos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_4791 endosulfan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23457 cyclodiene organochlorine A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6651 malathion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_9422 tebufenpyrad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005575 cellular_component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000003 anatomical structure The part of a cell or its extracellular environment in which a gene product is located. A gene product may be located in one or more parts of a cell and its location may be as specific as a particular macromolecular complex, that is, a stable, persistent association of macromolecules that function together. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006807 nitrogen compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000804 host metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving various organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds; includes nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006809 nitric oxide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046209 nitric oxide metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide, nitrogen monoxide (NO), a colorless gas only slightly soluble in water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006897 endocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001054 process of human host A type of vesicle-mediated transport in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006898 receptor-mediated endocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector An endocytosis process in which cell surface receptors ensure specificity of transport. A specific receptor on the cell surface binds tightly to the extracellular macromolecule (the ligand) that it recognizes; the plasma-membrane region containing the receptor-ligand complex then undergoes endocytosis, forming a transport vesicle containing the receptor-ligand complex and excluding most other plasma-membrane proteins. Receptor-mediated endocytosis generally occurs via clathrin-coated pits and vesicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006917 induction of apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000816 activation-induced cell death A process that directly activates any of the steps required for cell death by apoptosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006936 muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002113 muscular system process A process in which force is generated within muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006957 complement activation, alternative pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006956 complement activation Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the alternative pathway of the complement cascade which allows for the direct killing of microbes and the regulation of other immune processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006958 complement activation, classical pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006956 complement activation Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the classical pathway of the complement cascade which allows for the direct killing of microbes, the disposal of immune complexes, and the regulation of other immune processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007296 vitellogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The production of yolk. Yolk is a mixture of materials used for embryonic nutrition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007320 insemination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The introduction of semen or sperm into the genital tract of a female. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007552 metamorphosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process A biological process in which an animal physically develops after birth or hatching, involving a conspicuous and relatively abrupt change in the animal's form or structure. Examples include the change from tadpole to frog, and the change from larva to adult. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007559 histolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process The breakdown of tissues; usually, if not always, accompanied by cell death, followed by the complete dissolution of dead tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007588 excretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The elimination by an organism of the waste products that arise as a result of metabolic activity. These products include water, carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrogenous compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007600 sensory perception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007601 visual perception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002221 reception of physical stimuli The series of events required for an organism to receive a visual stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Visual stimuli are detected in the form of photons and are processed to form an image. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007605 sensory perception of sound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002221 reception of physical stimuli The series of events required for an organism to receive an auditory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Sonic stimuli are detected in the form of vibrations and are processed to form a sound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008037 cell recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000809 cellular process of human host The process by which a cell in a multicellular organism interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016042 lipid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 catabolic process The hydrolysis of lipids of mosquitoes' meals by specific enzymes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030163 protein catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 catabolic process The breakdown into simpler components of a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042440 pigment metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002153 vector metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving pigment, any general or particular coloring matter in living organisms, e.g. melanin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046209 nitric oxide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006807 nitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitric oxide, nitrogen monoxide (NO), a colorless gas only slightly soluble in water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048511 rythmic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002137 behavioural process Any process pertinent to the generation and maintenance of rhythms in the physiology of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050896 response to stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046541 saliva secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The regulated release of saliva from the salivary glands. In man, the saliva is a turbid and slightly viscous fluid, generally of an alkaline reaction, and is secreted by the parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands. In the mouth the saliva is mixed with the secretion from the buccal glands. In man and many animals, saliva is an important digestive fluid on account of the presence of the peculiar enzyme, ptyalin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050765 negative regulation of phagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030100 regulation of endocytosis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_43816 anophelinae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7157 culicidae A genus comprising a large number of mosquitoes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_50557 insecta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6656 arthropoda Insects (Class Insecta) are arthropods, having a hard exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax, and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes, and two antennae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6656 arthropoda http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000343 biotic object Arthropods are invertebrate animals belonging to the Phylum Arthropoda that have an exoskeleton (external skeleton), a segmented body, and jointed attachments called appendages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7147 diptera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_50557 insecta Insects, members of the order Diptera (Greek: di = two, and pteron = wing), possessing a single pair of wings on the mesothorax and a pair of halteres, derived from the hind wings, on the metathorax. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7148 nematocera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7147 diptera Nematocera are generally primitive flies, typically recognized by filamentous, multi-segmented antennae which may be plumose in some males. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7157 culicidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7148 nematocera A family of insects found around the world comprising all mosquitoes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7742 Vertebrata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000343 biotic object Any member of the subphylum Vertebrata, chordates with backbones or spinal columns. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000179 blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002461 anatomical cluster Circulating body substance which consists of blood plasma and hemoglobin-carrying red blood cells. Excludes blood analogues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000003499 granzyme B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein A leukocyte granule-associated proteinase that is a translation product of the human GZMB gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000445 resistance to drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Disposition disposition A protective resistance that mitigates the damaging effects of a drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000093 condition of human host A symptom is a perceived change in function, sensation, loss, disturbance or appearance reported by a patient indicative of a disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000605 mammal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7742 Vertebrata A vertebrate animal of the class Mammalia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001034 abiotic object A molecular entity consisting of two or more chemical elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000445 2 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Two hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000447 4 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Four hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000448 5 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Five hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000449 6 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Six hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000451 8 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Eight hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000453 10 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Ten hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000456 13 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Thirteen hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000457 14 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Fourteen hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000458 15 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Fifteen hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000459 16 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Sixteen hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000460 17 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Seventeen hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000462 19 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Nineteen hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000463 20 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Twenty hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000464 21 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Twenty one hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000465 22 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Twenty two hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000478 1 day after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant One day after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000668 2 days after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Two days after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000717 3 days after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Three days after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000724 5 days after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Five days after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000725 6 days after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Six days after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000733 9 days after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Nine days after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000735 11 days after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Eleven days after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000737 13 days after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Thirteen days after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000738 14 days after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Fourteen days after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000739 15 days after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Fifteen days after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000740 16 days after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Sixteen days after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000741 blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001034 abiotic object The amount of blood taken up during the feeding process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000742 sugar meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001034 abiotic object The amount of sugar taken up during the feeding process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000743 infected mosquito http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000746 mosquito A mosquito which carries an infectious agent that can be transmitted via a bite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000745 infected blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000179 blood Blood carrying an infectious agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32888 lindane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23457 cyclodiene organochlorine A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38809 ryanodine receptor modulator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which modulates ryanodine receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34611 carbofuran http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34620 chinomethionat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34623 chlordane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23457 cyclodiene organochlorine A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34631 chlorpyrifos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34632 chlorpyrifos-methyl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34682 diazinon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34690 dichlorvos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34692 dicofol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34696 dieldrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23457 cyclodiene organochlorine A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34703 diflubenzuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38494 benzoylurea A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34714 dimethoate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34733 EPN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34757 fenitrothion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34760 fensulfothion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34761 fenthion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34763 flucythrinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34785 heptachlor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23457 cyclodiene organochlorine A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34801 isoxathion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34837 methidathion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34911 permethrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34917 phenthoate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34938 propoxur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35005 tetrachlorvinphos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35033 triphenyl phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound An aryl phosphate that has formula C18H15O4P. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35048 xylylcarb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35813 sulfoxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound Compounds having the structure R2S=O (R =/= H). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638 chloroquine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000204 4-aminoquinoline A 4-aminoquinoline schizontocidal drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38494 benzoylurea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_9430 tefluthrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26413 pyrethroid A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_139052 Chagasia bathana http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002260 genus Chagasia A species of genus Chagasia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_273456 Stethomyia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000015 genus Anopheles A subgenus of genus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000118 Anopheles kweiyangensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000354 CareStart Malaria HRP2/pLDH (Pf/PAN) COMBO http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Access Bio, Inc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002378 previtellogenic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector In newly emerged females the cytoplasm of each trophocyte was rich in reserves, containing lipid droplets, glycogen bodies, and three types of membrane-bounded protein granule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001254 population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000424 biotic object aggregate A population is a collection of individuals from the same taxonomic class living, counted or sampled at a particular site or in a particular area. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000112 differential CYP9 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000100 P450 quantitatively changed Modified enzymatic activity due to a mutation that modifies production of CYP9 P450 gene products. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001108 GBP-130 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A merozoite surface protein consisting of a charged, 225-residue-long N-terminal region and eleven 50-residue-long repeat sequences that binds to the RBC surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000147 Anopheles neghmei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002424 release of 20-hydroxyecdysone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The rise in 20-hydtroxyecdysone levels after the blood meal stimulates the vitellogenic phase of development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003529 Anopheles mangyanus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a minor Malaysian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003831 chromosomal form Mopti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003480 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato A chromosomal form of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto or Anopheles coluzzii bearing the karyotypes +/+ or u/+ or u/u or bc/+ or bc/u or bc/bc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002450 melanotic encapsulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002360 encapsulation Encapsulation is a common immune reaction in insects against parasites or pathogens taht can also be induced by injection of expermental materials into the hemocoel. Cellular encapsulation can occur in two forms: (1) as nodule formation against small particulate material (e.g., bacteria), and (2) as capsule formation, which often occurs if the foreign object exceeds the size of phagocytic hemocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000125 Kdr L1014S http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000113 modified sodium channel Resistance-associated point mutation of amino acid at position 1014 (L-S) in the insecticide target sodium channel gene product causing a structural change and decreased response to the insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003445 Anopheles sacharovi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles, which acts as a major North Eurasian & Mediterranean/Indo-Iranian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000027 quinidine D-gluconate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000236 quinidine A D-gluconate adduct that has formula C26H36N2O9. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002198 larval growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040007 growth Mosquito larvae pass through four instars. Growth is continuous throughout each instar, as can be seen in the progressive increase in size of the body regions that are covered with thin cuticle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000542 Binax Now Malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Inverness Medical Innovations, Inc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000070 2La http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000069 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome 2L A chromosome 2 found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries the inversion a in its left arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003584 Anopheles ruarinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000071 2Rb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000068 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome 2R A chromosome 2 found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries the inversion b in its right arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000031 endogenous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000347 quality of pathogen The pathogen is normally present in the host body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001065 human malaria parasite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001286 malaria parasite A malaria parasite naturally infecting humans and using them as a reservoir for disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000043 lumefantrine resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000031 resistance to single antimalarial drug A resistance to lumefantrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000031 resistance to single antimalarial drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000445 resistance to drug A resistance to one operational antimalarial compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000267 analgesic treatment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Treatment of pain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000079 2Rbd http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000068 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome 2R A chromosome 2 found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries both the inversions b and d in its right arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000173 Anopheles sawyeri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000372 interferon-gamma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein Is a glycoprotein synthesized by activated T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. It is a powerful activator of mononuclear phagocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000144 Anopheles papuensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002415 cell-to-cell communication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector Communication between similar or different cells through a variety of mediators, like cytokines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003749 Anopheles torresiensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001291 domestic behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector The fact that an endophilic species rests inside the house after the meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002174 sexual behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process During the first or second day after emergence, a mosquito undergoes behavioural maturation when, due to the action of hormones and other substances that act on the nervous system, it becomes competent in sexual behaviour. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002270 Anopheles dualaensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000244 artemether http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000210 peroxide antimalarial drug A peroxide antimalarial drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000245 arteether http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000210 peroxide antimalarial drug A peroxide antimalarial drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000291 type 1 malaria vaccine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001055 malaria vaccine A vaccine aiming at reducing the incidence of severe malaria and malaria-associated mortality in infants and children with heavy exposure to Plasmodium falciparum, such as in sub-Saharan Africa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000292 type 2 malaria vaccine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001055 malaria vaccine A vaccine aiming at preventing all clinical manifestations of malaria in individuals from areas with no exposure who travel to regions where malaria is endemic, primarily malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000403 intermittent preventive therapy in infants http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000402 intermittent preventive therapy in children Intermittent preventive therapy in infants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000405 intermittent preventive therapy in pregnant women http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000401 intermittent preventive therapy Intermittent preventive therapy in pregnant women. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000408 man biting rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000109 measurement datum The number of bites per person in a certain period of time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000410 human blood index http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000109 measurement datum The estimated proportion of the blood meals of a mosquito population obtained from man. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000425 antiparasitic disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Disposition disposition A disposition to kill or inhibit the development or reproduction of eukaryotic parasites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000430 measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000109 measurement datum A measure, which refers to a group of vertebrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000436 intensity of host infestation by arthropods http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000430 measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates The number of arthropods divided by the number of infested hosts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000439 measure relating to vertebrate host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000109 measurement datum A measure, which refers to the vertebrate host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000471 suppression of T-helper 2 cell mediated immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000005 host immune system process Any process by which T-helper 1 cells stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 2 cell mediated immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000475 pre-erythrocytic schizogony http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen A developmental process in the liver leading to the production of schizonts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000480 Plasmodium recognition and attachment to erythrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen The process in which the apical end of merozoite makes initial contact with the erythrocyte, creating a depression in erythrocyte membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000487 clinical manifestation of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000635 quality of malaria The exhibition of any of the combined symptoms and signs of malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000544 pre-erythrocytic immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000543 acquired immunity to malaria Immunity against pre-erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium, especially sporozoites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000576 autochthonous malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000029 epidemiological type of malaria A case of malaria resulting from the bite of a mosquito in a malaria-endemic region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000582 inhibition of sequestration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000561 host immune effector process To limit or fully inhibiting the extent of parasite sequestration of the walls of host inner blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000589 collection of epidemiological data http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001037 process of malaria epidemiology The collection of data relating to the epidemiology of malaria, to be processed and used for the survey of the state of the disease in a given area. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000591 investigation relating to the insect vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001037 process of malaria epidemiology Any investigation aiming at finding the transmission potential state of a vector population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000592 spleen examination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000590 investigation relating to the human host Any process carried out to determine the condition of a patient's spleen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000595 estimation of natural infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000591 investigation relating to the insect vector The calculated approximation of the natural infection rate in an area which is usable even if input data may be incomplete or uncertain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000596 estimation of biting habits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000591 investigation relating to the insect vector The calculated approximation of the biting habits of a vector which is usable even if input data may be incomplete or uncertain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000601 inhibition of invasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000561 host immune effector process To limit or fully inhibiting the extent of parasite invasion of host hepatocytes and/or erythrocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000608 protection against mosquito bites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001054 process of human host A process protecting a human host from the biting of mosquitoes, usually through physical or chemical means. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000614 phagocyte activation during immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002263 cell activation during immune response A change in the morphology or behavior of a phagocyte resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000617 phenanthrene methanol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000052 arylaminoalcohol A compound used as an antimalarial drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000634 cotrimoxazole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000206 sulfonamide A synthetic antimicrobial drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000643 antibiotic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A drug used to treat infections caused by bacteria and other microorganisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000647 fluoroquinolone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000426 antiparasitic chemical compound Any of a group of broad-spectrum antibiotics that are fluorinated derivatives of quinolone compounds and are especially effective against gram-negative bacteria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000651 toll like receptor recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000630 pattern-recognition receptor recognition The process by which a toll like receptor in the malaria host interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000652 toll like receptor 9 recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000651 toll like receptor recognition The process by which a toll like receptor 9 in the malaria host interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000656 first instar larva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000653 larva A vector organism during its first of four larval stages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000660 mosquito malaria parasite gametocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000703 malaria parasite gametocyte A gametocyte found in the midgut of a mosquito. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000666 inhibition of erythrocyte invasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000601 inhibition of invasion To limit or fully inhibiting the extent of parasite invasion of host erythrocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000669 cytophilic antibody http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000822 antibody An antibody that attaches to a cell surface through its Fc region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000680 surface drainage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000678 drainage The drainage of the surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000682 coastal swamp drainage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000678 drainage The drainage of a coastal swamp. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000691 blood stage malaria parasite gametocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000703 malaria parasite gametocyte A gametocyte found in the blood of the vertebrate host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000692 erythrocytic malaria parasite schizont http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000706 malaria parasite schizont A schizont produced in an erythrocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000696 ex-hepatocytic malaria parasite merozoite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000701 malaria parasite merozoite A merozoite derived from a hepatic schizont. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000783 tumor necrosis factor-alpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein Is a glycoprotein produced by various cells, one being macrophages. Large amounts of tumor necrosis factor-alpha may lead to systemic effects like fever. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000793 antibody-independent opsonization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008228 opsonization The process by which a microorganism (or other particulate material) is rendered more susceptible to phagocytosis by coating with an opsonin, a blood serum protein such as a complement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000816 activation-induced cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008219 cell death It is the process by which cells undergo apoptosis in a controlled manner through the interaction of a death factor and its receptor. It plays a significant role in immune system homeostasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000880 sesamex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound A substance acting as an insecticide synergist. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000888 piprotal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound A substance acting as an insecticide synergist. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000900 biological mosquito control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000667 mosquito control A method of mosquito control based on the introduction into the environment of various pathogens and predators of insect disease vectors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000954 process of human host population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process A process relating to a population of malaria hosts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000963 rodent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000605 mammal A species belonging to the mammalian order Rodentia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000980 bird http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7742 Vertebrata A vertebrate animal of the class Aves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000992 squirrel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000963 rodent Any species in the family Sciuridae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001004 Plasmodium penetration of invertebrate host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000084 Plasmodium penetration of host cell The process of entry of a Plasmodium parasite into an invertebrate host cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001008 human population in malarial areas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001255 human population A collection of human individuals in an area in which malaria is endemic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001009 human population in non malarial areas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001255 human population A collection of human individuals in an area in which malaria is not endemic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001019 mouse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000963 rodent A mouse is a small mammal belonging to the genus Mus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001021 introduction of B. thuringiensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001022 usage of bacterial pathogens The usage of B. thuringiensis in a potential vector breeding site/habitat to achieve reduction or elimination of a vector population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001025 frame screen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001024 screening material A mesh screen blocking entry of insecticides through an opening. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001029 porch screen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001025 frame screen A screen preventing insects from arriving at a porch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001033 mechanism of refractoriness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector A molecular mechanism that renders a vector organism refractory to effectively hosting a vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001037 process of malaria epidemiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria The epidemiological analysis of malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001044 exophily http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector The habit of spending the greater part of the gonotrophic cycle out of doors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001046 exophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector The habit of seeking the blood meal out of doors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001055 malaria vaccine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VO_0000001 vaccine A vaccine against malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001059 process of malaria vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process A process relating to a malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001126 clag9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A high molecular weight protein expressed in rhoptries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001135 PvRBR-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 325 kDa protein expressed in the apical pole of the merozoite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001136 PvRBR-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 330 kDa protein expressed in the apical pole of the merozoite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001162 clag3.2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A rhoptry protein located in the merozoite apical extreme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001164 human actin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein Actin is a globular, roughly 42-kDa highly conserved protein found in almost all eukaryotic cells. It is also one of the most highly-conserved proteins, differing by no more than 20% in species as diverse as algae and humans. Actin is the monomeric subunit of two types of filaments in cells: microfilaments, one of the three major components of the cytoskeleton, and thin filaments, part of the contractile apparatus in muscle cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001166 human band 4.1 protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein A protein expressed in erythrocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001169 complement receptor 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein It is a membrane glycoprotein found on various cell types like human erythrocytes, monocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and B cells. It is member of the receptors of complement activation (RCA) family and is located in the 'cluster RCA' region of chromosome 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001185 brackish water marsh http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000230 coastal wetland A coastel marsh (low poorly drained land) with brackish water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001208 small pool http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000063 water body A small, deep body of water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001210 stagnant canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000014 canal A man-made canal in which water is stagnant due to the lack of natural flow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001212 spring-fed pool http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000063 water body A pool close to, and fed by a spring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001216 standing water in plantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000063 water body Standing water in a plantation, coming from irrigation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001231 Plasmodium yoelii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001270 subgenus Vinckeia An African rodent parasite, often used as a model. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001262 malaria vector population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001246 disease vector population A given population of malaria vectors in a specific area. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001263 Plasmodium brazilianum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000127 subgenus Plasmodium A protozoan species found in New World monkeys of the family Cebidae in northern South America and Panama, which can cause mild malaria in humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000454 11 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Eleven hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000746 mosquito http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000644 vector organism An individual member of the Culicidae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000923 zooprophylaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria The deliberate diversion of vectors to animal hosts, mostly in rural areas, to keep humans from being bitten by infected mosquitoes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001258 malaria-caused severe anaemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000271 severe malaria One of three distinctive clinical syndromes in cases of P. falciparum malaria that are delineated by a series of criteria that have been put forward by the WHO. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000264 ancillary treatment of severe malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000051 ancillary treatment of malaria Auxiliary, supportive and secondary treatment for severe malaria not focusing on the parasite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001269 monkey malaria parasite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001286 malaria parasite A malaria parasite naturally infecting monkeys. The term monkey is used here in a wide sense, i.e. it includes apes (but not humans) as primary reservoir. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002421 compound eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000003 anatomical structure The eye of a vector organisms, which is composed of many light-sensitive elements, each having its own refractive system and each forming a portion of an image. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003566 Anopheles pretoriensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003471 Anopheles whartoni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles, which acts as a minor Malaysian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002440 carbohydrate absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002032 absorption of the products of digestion Insects use a unique mechanism to create a concentration gradient in glucose betweent he midgut lumen and the haemolymph taht ensures efficient passive transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001150 MSP-8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 69.4 kDa intracellular membrane protein that is transcribed and translated in the ring stage localized to the parasite plasma membrane and it is absent from the surface of merozoites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000909 introduction of Coelomyces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001023 usage of fungal pathogens The usage of Coelomyces in a potential vector breeding site/habitat to achieve reduction or elimination of a vector population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002251 monandry http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007320 insemination The condition in which a female is inseminated by only a single male. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000016 PfDHFR S108N substitution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000009 PfDHFR mutated protein The altered protein product of PfDHFR containing a substitution of serine with asparagine at position 108. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003548 Anopheles natalensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000176 oocyst formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen Transformation of the ookinete into the rounded oocyst. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002243 direct klinokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042468 klinokinesis When the turning increases with stimulus strength. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000930 insecticidal substance The ingredient which is pharmaceutically active in a pesticide formulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000159 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist/antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which acts as nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist/antagonist. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000059 Anopheles colledgei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003621 Anopheles varuna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a minor Indo-Iranian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000625 Wondfo One Step Malaria Pf/Pan Whole Blood Test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Guangzhou Wondfo Biotech Co. Ltd. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000085 2Rbcd http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000068 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome 2R A chromosome 2 found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries the inversions b, c and d in its right arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003401 Anopheles koreicus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000122 AChE1 F290V http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000114 modified AChE Resistance-associated point mutation of amino acid at position 290 in the insecticide target acetylcholinesterase 1 gene product; this structural change leads to decreased response to the insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002220 Anopheles annularis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Malaysian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000442 measure relating to infection in aggregate of arthropods http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000428 measure relating to aggregate of arthropods Measure relating to infection within an aggregate of arthropods. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000469 interleukin 10 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein Is a glycoprotein that acts as a cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor. Some of its many functions is to inhibit cytokine synthesis by T helper 1 cells and the formation of interferon-gamma. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000023 cupreine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000018 cinchona alkaloid A cinchona alkaloid that has formula C19H22N2O2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003503 Anopheles kingi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001122 PfRh4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 220 kDa transmembrane merozoite protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002448 regulation of proteolytic cascade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process The immune responses activated by proteases are regulated in vivo to limit them to localized areas and to protect the host from harmful effects of overstimulation of the immune system. In arthropods, as in mammals, serpins are used for regulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000233 quinine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000616 quinoline methanol MERGED DEFINITION: TARGET DEFINITION: An arylaminoaccohol schizontocidal drug. Oldest available antimalarial drug. -------------------- SOURCE DEFINITION: A cinchona alkaloid that is cinchonidine in which the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring is substituted by methoxy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000060 Anopheles collessi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001074 CTRP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A transmembrane protein expressed in ookinete micronemes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002244 Anopheles caroni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002246 Anopheles christyi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002248 Anopheles cinereus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002251 Anopheles comorensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002254 Anopheles cristipalpis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002256 Anopheles cydippis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002257 Anopheles dancalicus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002260 genus Chagasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_43816 anophelinae A genus of Anophelinae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002262 Anopheles demeilloni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002263 Anopheles dirus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Malaysian & Indo-Chinese malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002265 Anopheles distinctus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002274 Chagasia fajardi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002260 genus Chagasia A species of genus Chagasia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002279 Chagasia rozeboomi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002260 genus Chagasia A species of genus Chagasia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003460 Anopheles tasmaniensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003461 Anopheles tenebrosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003463 Anopheles tigertti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003464 Anopheles umbrosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003465 Anopheles vanus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003466 Anopheles veruslanei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003467 Anopheles vestitipennis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003468 Anopheles vietnamensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003469 Anopheles walkeri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003470 Anopheles wellingtonianus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003473 Anopheles xelajuensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003521 Anopheles torakala http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003542 Anopheles bervoetsi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003573 Anopheles davidsoni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003605 Anopheles sundaicus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Malaysian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003610 Anopheles tessellatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a minor Indo-Iranian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003613 Anopheles theileri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003616 Anopheles telamali http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003627 Anopheles ugandae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003628 Anopheles willmori http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003633 Anopheles bellator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_68877 Kerteszia A species of subgenus Kerteszia, which acts as a minor South American malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003635 Anopheles cruzii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_68877 Kerteszia A species of subgenus Kerteszia, which acts as a minor South American malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003649 Anopheles vargasi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003643 Lophopodomyia A species of subgenus Lophopodomyia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003766 Anopheles daciae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000208 anaemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Anaemia is a decrease in normal number of red blood cells or less than the normal quantity of hemoglobin in the blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000296 hepatic dysfunction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Malfunction of the liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000531 splenic enlargement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Enlargement of the spleen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000595 febrile convulsions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom A febrile is a convulsion triggered by a rise in body temperature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000605 coma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom A coma is a profound state of unconsciousness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000683 tachypnoea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Tachypnoea is a respiratory system and chest symptom characterized by an increased rate of respiration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0019151 pulmonary oedema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Swelling and/or fluid accumulation in the lungs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0019176 malaise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Malaise is a "general feeling of being unwell". http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Continuant continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo_Entity entity An entity [bfo:Entity] that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_FiatObjectPart fiat object part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_MaterialEntity material entity A material entity [snap:MaterialEntity] that is part of an object [snap:Object] but is not demarcated by any physical discontinuities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_MaterialEntity material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_IndependentContinuant independent continuant An independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. Note: Material entity [snap:MaterialEntity] subsumes object [snap:Object], fiat object part [snap:FiatObjectPart], and object aggregate [snap:ObjectAggregate], which assume a three level theory of granularity, which is inadequate for some domains, such as biology. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_SpecificallyDependentContinuant specifically dependent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_DependentContinuant dependent continuant A continuant [snap:Continuant] that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_ConnectedSpatiotemporalRegion connected spatiotemporal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_SpatiotemporalRegion spatiotemporal region A spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] that has temporal and spatial dimensions such that all points within the spatiotemporal region are mediately or immediately connected to all other points within the same spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_Occurrent occurent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo_Entity entity An entity [bfo:Entity] that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. Sometimes also called perdurants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_ProcessualEntity processual entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_Occurrent occurent An occurrent [span:Occurrent] that exists in time by occurring or happening, has temporal parts and always involves and depends on some entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_SpatiotemporalInstant spatiotemporal instant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_ConnectedSpatiotemporalRegion connected spatiotemporal region A connected spatiotemporal region [span:ConnectedSpatiotemporalRegion] at a specific moment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_ConnectedTemporalRegion connected temporal region A connected temporal region [span:ConnectedTemporalRegion] comprising a single moment of time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001119 PfRBP-H1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A rhoptry protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001121 PfRBP-2Hb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 350 kDa protein located in rhoptries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001124 RAP-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A merozoite rhoptry protein with a molecular weight of 40-42 kDa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001158 RhopH2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 130-kDa rhoptry protein secreted from the organelle into the erythrocyte membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001159 human spectrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein A major component of red blood cell's cytoskeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001243 incidence of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000480 infection incidence Prevalence over a stated time period independent of whether the disease resulted from a new infection or not. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001247 embryonal stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000612 Anopheles developmental stage The first developmental stage that immediately follows fertilization of the egg. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001248 first instar larval stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000639 larval stage The second developmental stage, immediately following the embryo stage upon moulting. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001249 second instar larval stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000639 larval stage The developmental stage following the first instar larval stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001250 third instar larval stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000639 larval stage The developmental stage following the third instar larval stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001253 adult stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000612 Anopheles developmental stage The winged and last stage of development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001256 immune human http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000604 human A human organism that is protected against infectious disease by either specific or non-specific mechanisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001276 Gambusia affinis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001278 larvivorous fish The mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) is a species of freshwater fish, also commonly known simply by its generic name, gambusia, although such usage is ambiguous. It is sometimes called the western mosquitofish, to distinguish it from the eastern mosquitofish (G. holbrooki). It is a member of the family Poeciliidae of order Cyprinodontiformes. The genus name 'gambusia' is derived from the Cuban Spanish term 'gambusino', meaning useless. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001278 larvivorous fish http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001275 fish A fish that feeds on mosquito larvae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001281 Cynolebias whitei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001279 annual fish An larvivorous annual fish. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001285 malaria prophylaxis drug role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000202 antimalarial drug role A role borne by an antiparasitic chemical compound in virtue of the fact that is has antiparasitic disposition and it is applied to an anatomical entity of a living organism to provide prophylaxis from malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001287 G6PD deficiency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000346 quality of host An inherited condition that results in a deficiency in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001290 unrousable coma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000605 coma A coma persisting for at least 30 minutes after a convulsion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001295 vector competence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector The ability of a vector to acquire a pathogen and to successfully transmit it to another susceptible host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002017 regulation of food intake in adults http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process The control of feeding and distribution of food within the gut by integrated responses of the peripheral sensilla, central nervous system and, probably, the stomatogastric system. Feeding generally terminates in response to mechanical stimulation caused by swelling of the gut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002018 regulation of sugar intake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002017 regulation of food intake in adults The regulation of the sugar intake in mosquitoes using chemosensilla and sugar receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002019 regulation of destination and volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002017 regulation of food intake in adults When mosquitoes drink, two control processes are involved: one regulates the destination of the fluid the other regulates the volume that is imbibed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002027 descent to the body surface and alighting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process The second step of the short-range approach, alighting and exploration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002031 regulation of digestive enzyme synthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process The regulation of enzyme synthesis by the presence of blood in the midgut or not. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002035 vitellogenin synthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The formation of vitellogenin in the fat body. It is synthesized first as precursors which undergo proteolytic cleavage into two or more subunits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002046 voiding of nitrogenous wastes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002151 adult excretion During the first day after feeding, deamination of amino acids produces excess nitrogen which is voided in the form of low molecular weight nitrogenous metabolites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002052 labellar response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002301 response to sugar solution The separation of the labellar lobes following stimulation by sugar of sensilla on the outer surface of the labella. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002083 flight capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector Mosquitoes species differ in flight capacity, but to speak of an individual species flight range is incorrect because the distances are greatly affected by weather conditions (i.e. wind) and ecological variables. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002101 secretion of the chorion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector Secretion occurs in two phases and results in formation of the two layers of the chorion, the endochorion and exochorion. Use of the terms 'vitelline membrane' or 'vitelline envelope' for the endochorion is inappropriate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002115 walking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002455 adult locomotion The insect rests during walking on a supporting triangle, formed by the anterior and posterior limb on one side and the middle limb on the other, while it carries forward the other three legs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002126 visceral nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002461 anatomical cluster The part of the peripheral nervous system that acts as a control system, maintaining homeostasis in the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002129 endocrine system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The endocrine system is an integrated system of small organs that involve the release of extracellular signaling molecules known as hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002133 hearing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000002 quality The waves of air pressure which we recognize as sounds may be perceived by insects by two quite different mechanism. The antennae of mosquitoes are mechanosensory transducers which in flight respond to drag forces and to gravitational forces, and in which the males at least are also sensitive to sound waves. Organs of hearing convert the energy of sound waves into electrical signals, and in this way resemble microphones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002137 behavioural process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The process of any action or reaction of a vector organism in response to external or internal stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002139 larval behavioural process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002137 behavioural process The analysis of the movements of the mosquito's larva into a series of reflexes or observed correlations between stimulus and response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002153 vector metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector All the chemical changes which the constituents of the vector undergo. These changes serve two purposes, growth on the one hand and the performance of the work on the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002165 deposition of the new cuticle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector Little is known of the structure of mosquito larval cuticle other than that the abdomen it consists of a two-layered corrugated epicuticle, a then exocuticle and an endocuticle of some five lamellae. Pore canals are present. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002168 secretion of moulting fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002164 larval development Fifteen hours after larval-pupal ecdysis, apolysis starts. The epidermis separates from the pupal cuticle forming an apolysial space in which a small amount of apolysial fluid accumulates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002171 histological change http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process During moulting, even when unaccompanied by any striking change of form, there is much reconstruction in the epidermis. New cell divisions and the death and disolution of unwanted nuclei take place simultaneously. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002176 female sexual refractoriness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002174 sexual behaviour Observations of the coupling of force-mated or tethered females suggested that refractoriness is expressed through altered responses of the female terminalia to genital contact. Even if coupling occurs, it does not result in sperm transfer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002180 taxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002139 larval behavioural process The movements of the larvae that are oriented directly towards or directly away from stimuli. Prefixes denote the nature of the stimulus. A taxis is positive if directed towards the source, and negative if directed away from it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002182 larval feeding behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002139 larval behavioural process The characteristic food resource of mosquito larvae is 'particular matter'. This includes aquatic microorganisms, such as bacteria, diatoms and algae, and also, as an important component, particles of detritus that are largely derived from decayed plant tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002185 larval vision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002131 vision Simple structures which differ from the ocelli or single-lens eyes present in the adults of most orders and in the larvae of most non-holometabolous orders of insects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002199 larval instar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040007 growth Mosquito larvae pass through four instar. Each instar is a stage of development but also growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000235 halofantrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000617 phenanthrene methanol A synthetic arylaminoaccohol schizontocidal drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000265 rehydration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Rehydration is the replenishment of water, or water and electrolytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000268 treatment for anaemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Treatment of anaemia, often found associated with malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000272 induced malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000029 epidemiological type of malaria Malaria infection due to medical interference, such as transmission by contaminated blood transfusion or deliberate transmission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000274 malaria combination therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000050 chemotherapy of malaria A form of chemotherapy of malaria using a combination of antimalarial drugs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000276 natural killer cell activation during immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002285 lymphocyte activation during immune response The change in morphology and behavior of a natural killer cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000281 treatment of hypoglycaemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Treatment of hypoglycaemic patients according to standard procedures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000282 treatment of intravascular coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Treatment of patients showing signs of intravascular coagulation through the administration of vitamin K, fresh-frozen plasma or platelet transfusion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000284 treatment of renal failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Treatment of showing signs of renal failure according to standard procedures, complemented by the treatment of massive intravascular haemolysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000288 treatment of hyperparasitaemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Treatment of non-immune patients through exchange transfusion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000298 oocyst stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000301 invertebrate host stage The stage of developing structure that an ookinete develops into upon reaching, and resting st the basal lamina of the midgut. Sporozoites are produced through endomitosis in the developing oocyst. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000306 erythrocytic schizont stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000308 blood stage The stage of a sporozoan cell that reproduces by schizogony, producing a varied number of daughter trophozoites or merozoites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000308 blood stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001047 vertebrate host stage Any life cycle stage of Plasmodium that is spent in the blood of the vertebrate host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000318 macrogamete stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_SpatiotemporalInterval spatiotemporal interval The stage of the mature female gamete of Plasmodium found in the midgut of the mosquito vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000327 maintenace phase of malaria eradication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria The fourth and last phase of an eradication campaign. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000330 identification and numbering sprayable houses/structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria As part of the malaria eradication campaign, the identification and numbering sprayable houses/structures through workers surveying the area. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000338 Certification of malaria eradication by WHO http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria The last step of an eradication campaign. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000423 abiotic object aggregate A commercial product that provides all necessary components to perform an immunological test for the rapid diagnosis of malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000344 seroprevalence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000019 prevalence of malaria Prevalence as measured by immunological methods. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000346 quality of host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000002 quality A quality which refers to the host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000347 quality of pathogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000002 quality A quality which refers to the pathogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000351 quality of host population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000002 quality A quality which refers to the host population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000352 herd immunity to infectious organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Disposition disposition A collective resistance disposition that inheres in an organism population in virtue of the fact that the proportion of the population with immunity to an infectious agent is high resulting in a low number of transmissions from hosts in the population to susceptible individuals in the population and thereby mitigating the damaging effects of the infectious agent on the population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000353 Bacillus israelensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2 bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis (Bti) is a group of bacteria used as biological control agents for larvae stages of certain Dipterans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000355 incubation period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInterval temporal interval The time elapsed between infection with Plasmodium parasite and when symptoms and signs, usually fever, are first apparent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000364 OnSight-ParaQuick (Pan, Pf) Test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Amgenix International Inc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000366 vertical malaria transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000415 congenital malaria transmission Transmission across the placenta from mother to foetus, diagnosed through parasitaemia in the neonate within day 7 post partum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000368 Immunoquick Malaria Falciparum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Biosynex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000369 Immunoquick Malaria +4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Biosynex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000373 receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A molecule on the surface or within a cell that recognizes and binds with specific molecules, producing a specific effect in the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000380 OptiMAL-IT http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from DiaMed AG. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000381 Hexagon Malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Human GmbH. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000383 One Step Malaria Antigen Strip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from IND Diagnostic Inc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000388 CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell mediated cytotoxic response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000776 leukocyte mediated cytotoxic response The directed killing of a target cell by a CD8 T cell through the release of granules containing cytotoxic mediators or through the engagement of death receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000483 entrance to the vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen The entrance of a cell into a vacuole while invading a foreign organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000484 sealing erythrocyte after entry http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen The closing of the orifice behind the merozoite as the entry in the erythrocyte it is been completed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000489 Bacillus sphaericus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2 bacteria Bacillus sphaericus is an obligate aerobe bacterium used as a larvicide for mosquito control. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000492 lassitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Lassitude is a weariness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000500 teeth chattering http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom An uncontrolled vibration of the teeth, often at night or in cases of feeling cold. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000503 rapid pulse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom A pulse faster than normal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000506 hot stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001054 process of human host The second phase of the febrile paroxysm, characterized by high fever and several symptoms due to this, lasting from 2 to 6 hours. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000512 epigastric disconfort http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Not very intense pain in the epigastric area. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000518 generic clinical manifestation of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000487 clinical manifestation of malaria The exhibition of any of the combined symptoms and signs of malaria found in all forms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000528 water-electrolyte imbalance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Any situation in which the levels of one of the common electrolytes is either elevated or lowered in the serum of a patient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000545 immunity to erythrocytic stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000543 acquired immunity to malaria Immunity against parasites that have reached the erythrocytic stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000547 Advantage Pan Malaria Card http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from J. Mitra & Co. Pvt. LTD. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000550 Advantage Mal Card http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from J. Mitra & Co. Pvt. LTD. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000554 immunoglobulin E http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000764 immunoglobulin It is a monomeric immunoglobulin consisting of two epsilon heavy chains and either two kappa light chains or two lambda light chains, connected by disulfide bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000555 Paracheck Pf Rapid test for P. falciparum Malaria (Device) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Orchid Biomedical Systems. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000557 indirect haemagglutination test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000217 serological method An assay for the presence of specific antiviral antibodies in a test serum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000558 immuno-precipitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000217 serological method The technique of precipitating a protein antigen out of solution using an antibody that specifically binds to that particular protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000561 host immune effector process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000005 host immune system process Any host process of the immune system that occurs as part of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000571 malaria endemicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000351 quality of host population The fact that autochthonous cases of malaria can be present at varying frequencies in an area or community. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000574 unstable malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000029 epidemiological type of malaria Classification of malaria denoting that the amount of transmission varies from year to year. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000577 ICT Malaria Combo Cassette Test (ML02) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from ICT Diagnostics. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000588 Parahit-f TEST DEVICE FOR FALCIPARUM MALARIA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Span Diagnostics Ltd. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000610 SD BIOLINE Malaria Ag Pf/Pan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Standard Diagnostics, Inc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000626 benzonaphthyridine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000426 antiparasitic chemical compound Any derivative of benzonaphthyridine that is used as an antimalarial, often in cases of cerebral malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000629 Parascreen Rapid Test for Malaria Pan/Pf (Device) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Zephyr Biomedicals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000639 larval stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000612 Anopheles developmental stage Any of the four developmental stages immediately following the embryonal stage upon moulting and before pupation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000644 vector organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0100026 organism An individual member of a vector species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000648 immunoglobulin G production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002381 immunoglobulin production during immune response The appearance of immunoglobulin G due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000657 second instar larva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000653 larva A vector organism during its second of four larval stages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000661 hemozoin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound Chemically inert crystalline structure produced in the digestive food vacuole of blood-stage malaria parasites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000663 malaria parasite ookinete http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000406 malaria parasite organism The motile zygote of the vector organism that penetrates the mosquito midgut to form an oocyst. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000677 filling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000676 environmental modification The filling of abandoned ditches, borrow pits and ponds to remove potential mosquito breeding sites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000684 environmental manipulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000675 environmental management In malariology, a recurrent activity aiming at producing local conditions unfavourable for the breeding of mosquitoes in their usual habitats. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000697 receptor recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001054 process of human host The process by which a receptor in the malaria host interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000698 hepatic malaria parasite schizont http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000706 malaria parasite schizont A schizont produced in an liver cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000699 malaria parasite hypnozoite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000406 malaria parasite organism An exoerythrocytic schizozoite of Plasmodium vivax or Plasmodium Ovale in the human liver, characterised by delayed primary development and thought to be responsible for malarial relapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000905 introduction of B. israelensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001022 usage of bacterial pathogens The usage of B. israelensis in a potential vector breeding site/habitat to achieve reduction or elimination of a vector population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000907 introduction of B. sphaericus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001022 usage of bacterial pathogens The usage of B. sphaericus in a potential vector breeding site/habitat to achieve reduction or elimination of a vector population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000984 lemurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000606 primate Any species belonging to the genus Lemur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000991 deer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000605 mammal Any of a family (Cervidae) of ruminants, including the elk, moose, and reindeer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000993 bat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000963 rodent Any species in the order Chiroptera. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001012 hepatocyte invasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001006 Plasmodium penetration of vertebrate host The invasion of hepatocytes by sporozoites upon entry in the bloodstream of the host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001014 quality of vector population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000002 quality A quality which refers to vector population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001015 relapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria The return of P. vivax or P. ovale malaria after its apparent cessation, occuring weeks or months after the primary infection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001020 usage of mosquito pathogens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000900 biological mosquito control The usage of different pathogens of mosquitos, usually for the purpose of mosquito control. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001022 usage of bacterial pathogens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001020 usage of mosquito pathogens The usage of bacterial pathogens of mosquitos, usually for the purpose of mosquito control. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001024 screening material http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001034 abiotic object Wire or cloth mesh used to prevent insects from entering a building or landing on a potential food source. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001030 untreated net http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001026 bednet A bednet that has not been treated with insecticides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001039 immunization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001054 process of human host A process by which an organism acquires immunity to an infectious agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001040 vaccination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001039 immunization The administration of antigenic material (the vaccine) to produce immunity to a disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001045 endophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector The habit of obtaining the blood meal within a man-made structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001047 vertebrate host stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000296 Plasmodium parasite stage Any life cycle stage of Plasmodium that is spent in the vertebrate host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001081 calreticulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001070 vector protein A protein found on mosquito salivary glands and on midgut microvilli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001085 CSP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A GPI anchored protein covering uniformly the external surface of sporozoites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001086 S6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A sporozoite specific transmembrane protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000005 behavioural resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000021 resistance to single insecticide Resistance due to a modification in insect behaviour that helps it avoid the lethal effect of insecticides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000009 Kdr V1016I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000113 modified sodium channel Resistance-associated point mutation of amino acid at position 1016 (V-I) in the insecticide target sodium channel gene product causing a structural change and decreased response to the insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000015 P450 monoxygenases resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000003 metabolic resistance Metabolic resistance due to quantitative or qualitative changes in P450 gene products (phase I metabolic enzymes capable of oxidizing endogenous and exogenous compounds by oxidation or other related reactions) resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification, or reduced insecticide activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000016 qualitatively changed COE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDODEN_0000307 COE A change of the COE activity; the resulting metabolic resistance is due to structural change of COE gene product resulting in more efficient metabolism or sequestration of insecticides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000079 COEa structural change of gene product in family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000016 qualitatively changed COE Structural change of COEa family gene product due to a mutation of the gene resulting in more efficient insecticide sequestration or metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000081 COEjh structural change of gene product in family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000016 qualitatively changed COE Structural change of gene product in family COEjh family gene product due to a mutation of the gene resulting in more efficient insecticide sequestration or metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000083 elevated COEb levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000013 COE quantitatively changed Increased enzymatic activity due to a mutation that increases production of COEb gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide sequestration or metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000084 elevated COEjh level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000013 COE quantitatively changed Increased enzymatic activity due to a mutation that increases production of COEjh gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide sequestration or metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000085 GST quantitatively changed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000002 quality Increased enzymatic activity due to a mutation that increases production of GST gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000086 qualitatively changed GST http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDODEN_0000309 GST Structural changes in GST gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000093 elevated GSTd level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000085 GST quantitatively changed Increased enzymatic activity due to a mutation that increases production of GSTd gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000095 elevated GSTo level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000085 GST quantitatively changed Increased enzymatic activity due to a mutation that increases production of GSTo gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000096 elevated GSTt level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000085 GST quantitatively changed Increased enzymatic activity due to a mutation that increases production of GSTt gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000097 elevated GSTu level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000085 GST quantitatively changed Increased enzymatic activity due to a mutation that increases production of GSTu gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000099 qualitatively changed P450 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38559 cytochrome P450 Structural changes in P450 gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide sequestration or metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000107 differential CYP12 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000100 P450 quantitatively changed Modified enzymatic activity due to a mutation that modifies production of CYP12 P450 gene products. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000119 elevated AChE levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000435 AChE quantitatively changed Increased enzymatic activity due to a mutation that increases production of AChE gene products. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000123 Rdl A296G http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000115 modified GABA receptor Resistance-associated point mutation of amino acid at position 296 in the insecticide target GABA receptor gene product causing a structural change and decreased response to the insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000130 nicotinic receptor mediated resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000004 target-site resistance Resistance due to mutation leading to structural or quantitative changes of the insecticide target nAChR gene product, resulting in decreased response to the insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000109 fipronil / phenylpyrazole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000174 allosteric agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which acts as allosteric agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000209 malaoxon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6651 malathion A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000215 Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis toxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000214 Bacillus thuringiensis toxin A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000221 Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki toxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000214 Bacillus thuringiensis toxin A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000224 oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which inhibits oxidative phosphorylation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000265 octopaminergic agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which acts as octopaminergic agonist. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000295 neuronal inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000015 genus Anopheles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_43816 anophelinae A genus of Anophelinae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000018 Anopheles acaci http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000020 Anopheles aitkenii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000022 Anopheles algeriensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000024 Anopheles anchietai http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000028 Anopheles arboricola http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000030 Anopheles asiaticus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000031 Anopheles atratipes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000034 Anopheles aztecus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles, which acts as a minor Central American malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000035 Anopheles baezai http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000036 Anopheles baileyi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000038 Anopheles bancroftii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles, which acts as a minor Australasian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000040 Anopheles barberi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000042 Anopheles barbumbrosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000043 Anopheles barianensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000048 Anopheles brevipalpis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000050 Anopheles bulkleyi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000052 Anopheles calderoni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000054 Anopheles campestris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles, which acts as a minor Malaysian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000056 Anopheles chiriquiensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000062 Anopheles corethroides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000071 Anopheles albimanus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus, which acts as a major American malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000073 Anopheles crypticus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000075 Anopheles culiciformis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000077 Anopheles diluvialis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000100 Anopheles danaubento http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000126 Anopheles cameronensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000149 Anopheles antunesi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000155 Anopheles darlingi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus, which acts as a major Central & South American malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000156 Anopheles deaneorum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000176 Anopheles trinkae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000179 Anopheles canorii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_273456 Stethomyia A species of subgenus Stethomyia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000193 Bironella obscura http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_53564 Brugella A species of subgenus Brugella. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000195 Neobironella http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000000 genus Bironella A subgenus of genus Bironella. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000196 Bironella confusa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000195 Neobironella A species of subgenus Neobironella. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002219 Anopheles amictus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002231 Anopheles azevedoi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002233 Anopheles balabacensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Malaysian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002235 Anopheles berghei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002236 Anopheles brohieri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002238 Anopheles brumpti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002240 Anopheles buxtoni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000234 mefloquine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000616 quinoline methanol An arylaminoaccohol schizontocidal drug. Also used as a prophylactic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000239 cycloguanil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000207 biguanide A drug of the class of biguanides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000240 chlorcycloguanil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000207 biguanide A drug of the class of biguanides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000242 atovaquone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000211 naphthoquinone A drug of the group of naphthoquinones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000520 clinical manifestation of falciparum malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000519 clinical manifestation of specific type of malaria The exhibition of any of the combined symptoms and signs of specific forms of malaria caused by P. falciparum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000530 massive intravascular haemolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Higher than usual intravascular haemolysis usually associated with severe malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000533 clinical manifestation of vivax malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000519 clinical manifestation of specific type of malaria The exhibition of any of the combined symptoms and signs of specific forms of malaria caused by P. vivax. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000534 clinical manifestation of ovale malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000519 clinical manifestation of specific type of malaria The exhibition of any of the combined symptoms and signs of specific forms of malaria caused by P. ovale. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000536 clinical manifestation of monkey malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000519 clinical manifestation of specific type of malaria The exhibition of any of the combined symptoms and signs of specific forms of malaria caused by monkey malaria parasites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000537 innate resistance to malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000346 quality of host The non-specific defences already present in the body which are stimulated by malaria parasite infection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000538 resistance due to red cell polymorphism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000537 innate resistance to malaria Resistance to malaria due to conditions affecting the structure of beta globin chains, the rate of synthesis of globin chains, the level of G6PD and conditions affecting the red cell membrane or cytoskeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000590 investigation relating to the human host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001037 process of malaria epidemiology Any investigation aiming at finding the malarial state of an individual. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000594 estimation of mosquito density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000591 investigation relating to the insect vector The calculated approximation of the mosquito density in an area which is usable even if input data may be incomplete or uncertain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000597 estimation of longevity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000591 investigation relating to the insect vector The estimation of the life span of vectors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000606 primate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000605 mammal A primate is a member of the biological order Primates, the group that contains lemurs, the Aye-aye, lorisids, galagos, tarsiers, monkeys, and apes, with the last category including great apes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000627 mepacrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000426 antiparasitic chemical compound An antimalarial drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000630 pattern-recognition receptor recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000697 receptor recognition The process by which a pattern-recognition receptor in the malaria host interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000637 mosquito bite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002310 adult female feeding behaviour The insertion of a mosquito's proboscis into the skin of a vertebrate in order to feed with its blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000645 parasite organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0100026 organism An individual member of a parasite species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000654 pupa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000644 vector organism A vector organism during its non-feeding stage between the larva and adult, during which the larva undergoes complete transformation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000658 third instar larva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000653 larva A vector organism during its third of four larval stages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000659 fourth instar larva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000653 larva A vector organism during its fourth of four larval stages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000664 inhibition of hepatocyte invasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000601 inhibition of invasion To limit or fully inhibiting the extent of parasite invasion of host hepatocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000665 aspiration of stomach contents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Removal of the stomach's contents via a nasogastric tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000667 mosquito control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000169 malaria vector control Vector control measures aiming at mosquito populations. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000671 merozoite stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001047 vertebrate host stage The stage of a daughter cell of a protozoan parasite. It is formed during schizogony inside the parasitophorous vacuole of a host cell and is equipped with an apical complex in order to enter host cells. Merozoites initiates either another shizogonic process or become gamonts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000678 drainage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000676 environmental modification Drainage is the natural or artificial removal of surface and sub-surface water from an area. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000681 subsoil drainage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000678 drainage The drainage of subsoil. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000687 stream sluicing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000684 environmental manipulation The use of a water channel that is controlled at its head by a gate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000689 shading of stream banks http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000684 environmental manipulation The artificial creation of shaded areas next to stream banks. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000693 ex-erythrocytic malaria parasite merozoite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000701 malaria parasite merozoite A merozoite derived from an erythrocytic schizont. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000732 protein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000423 abiotic object aggregate Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000768 cytophilic antibody production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002381 immunoglobulin production during immune response The appearance of cytophilic antibodies due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000785 toll like receptor 2 recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000651 toll like receptor recognition The process by which a toll like receptor 2 in the malaria host interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000790 tumor necrosis factor-alpha production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002367 cytokine production during immune response The appearance of tumor necrosis factor-alpha due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000799 suppression of T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000072 pathogen-host interaction Any process by which the pathogen stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000990 buffalo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000605 mammal Any of various wild oxen, sometimes domesticated, as the water buffalo of India or Cape buffalo of Africa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000995 parasite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A symbiont role borne by an organism in virtue of the fact that it derives a growth, survival, or fitness advantage from symbiosis while the other symbiont's growth, survival, or fitness is reduced. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001006 Plasmodium penetration of vertebrate host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000084 Plasmodium penetration of host cell The process of entry of a Plasmodium parasite into a vertebrate host cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001010 accidental malaria transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000188 iatrogenic malaria transmission Malaria transmission through transfer of infected blood into a patient by accident. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001018 human population of immune individuals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001008 human population in malarial areas A human population with acquired partial or full immunity against malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001027 door screen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001025 frame screen A screen preventing insects from crossing an open door. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001031 protective clothing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001034 abiotic object Clothes worn in order to prevent mosquitoes from biting. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001032 sporadic malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000029 epidemiological type of malaria A case of malaria occurring, sporadically, in areas wjere malaria is not endemic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001034 abiotic object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Object object A non-living object. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001042 anthropophily http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector The preference for feeding on humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001054 process of human host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process A process relating to a malaria host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001061 malaria vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role An anopheline mosquito transmitting malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001103 PfROM-4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A specific rhoptric protease able to cleave diverse adhesins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001160 clag2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A rhoptry protein located in the merozoite apical extreme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001190 rock hole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000967 container A depression in a rock in which water could accumulate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001207 small pond http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000033 pond A pond is an inland body of standing water, either natural or man-made, that is smaller than a lake. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001209 borrow-pit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000002 anthropogenic feature An area where material (usually soil, gravel or sand) has been dug for use at another location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001221 chimpanzee http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001220 ape A taxon comprising two species of apes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001224 bonobo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001221 chimpanzee A chimp species found in the forests of the RDC. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001232 human haemoglobin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein A protein composed of four globin chains and heme that gives red blood cells their characteristic color; its function is primarily to transport oxygen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001259 malaria-caused respiratory distress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000271 severe malaria One of three distinctive clinical syndromes in cases of P. falciparum malaria that are delineated by a series of criteria that have been put forward by the WHO. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001260 alpha thalassaemia-related haemoglobin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001239 thalassaemia-related haemoglobin Any variant haemoglobin with an aminoacid substitution in the alpha chain leading to the disease alpha thalassaemia when in homozygous state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001265 Plasmodium schwetzi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000127 subgenus Plasmodium A parasite causing malaria to chimpazees and gorillas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001293 intermediate behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector The fact that an endophilic species will go outdoors for resting after the meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001296 cleavage by proteases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002153 vector metabolic process Protein molecules are cleaved into large peptides by proteinases (also called endopeptidases). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001297 cleavage by serine proteases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001296 cleavage by proteases The hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a class of peptidases which are characterised by the presence of a serine residue in the active center of the enzyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001298 cleavage by esterases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002153 vector metabolic process The cleavage of the lipids that are contained in mosquitoes' meal by enzymes, such as carboxylesterases, acetylesterases, arylesterases, that are present in the midgut of adult female mosquitoes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001299 cleavage by carbohydrases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002153 vector metabolic process The cleavage of glycosidic linkages by specific enzymes, carbohydrases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002269 sexual refractoriness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000350 refractoriness Once a female mosquito has undergone a consummated union she usually becomes refractory to further mating, at least until after completing a gonotropic cycle. Female sexual refractoriness has immediate and delayed components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002311 response to oviposition-stimulant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002309 response to chemical cue during pre-oviposition stage and oviposition Stimulants are substances that elicit oviposition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002325 skin-hopping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process Once arrived at the floor, the mosquitoes flew about at speeds 0,36m/s and at height that usually was 20-40mm. In the course of this horizontal flight they dipped again and again to touch the floor, at spaced intervals varying between 0,06-0,2m. The direction appeared to be random. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002327 response to other visual and physical parameters during pre-oviposition stage and oviposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002315 response to visual stimuli For species in which the feeding and resting habitat is different from the oviposition habitat, the gravid females must respond to cues that characterize the 'landscape' before responding to stimuli that characterize specific oviposition sites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002328 response to chromaticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002326 response to optical cue during pre-oviposition stage and oviposition Chromaticity results from (i)its hue, or dominant wavelengths, and (ii) its chroma (saturation), the extend to which the predominant colour is unadulterated with white. Experiments with females of Aedes aegypti showed that acceptance was low to green and yellow-green, moderate to orange, and high to violet and red. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002329 response to lightness of the water surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002326 response to optical cue during pre-oviposition stage and oviposition Observing that when kept in complete darkness in a roomsized cage females of Culex quinquefasciatus laid in the oviposition dishes provided (dishes which had chemical cues), whereas females of Anopheles darlingi died without ovipositing. De Zalueta (1950) postulated that visual stimuli were essential for egg laying by Andarlingi but not for Culex quinquefasiatus, for which chemical stimuli were more important. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002337 reserves from blood protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002321 synthesis of reserves Conversion of the digestion products into glycogen and triacylglycerol deposits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002339 reserves from sugar feeding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002321 synthesis of reserves Meals of sugar lead to the deposition of glycogen and lipid in the fat body and of glycogen in the flight muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002350 allogrooming http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002182 larval feeding behaviour The "grooming" of other individuals has been considered a form of aggresive behaviour and an aspect of feeding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002381 stimulation of vitellogenin synthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector During the privitellogenic phase of each ovarian cycle the fat body is made competent for vitellogenin synthesis. Stimulated by juvenile hormone, the trophocytes bacame polyploid and their nucleoli enlarge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002401 flower visiting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process Investigations of flower visiting in mosquitoes in particular habitats, and conducted throughout the diel, showed that the mosquitoes imbibed nectar from some plant species but not from others. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002419 previtellogenic arrest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector An imoprtant adaptation of anautogeny is the establishment of previtellogenic developmental arrest preventing the activation of YPP genes in previtellogenic competent females prior to blood feeding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002465 pool in a field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000063 water body A transient accumulation of rain water in a depression on a field. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000007 stimulus dependent resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000005 behavioural resistance Resistance due to a chemical-dependent modification in insect behaviour that helps it avoid the lethal effect of insecticides (e.g. repellance). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000012 carboxysterase resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000003 metabolic resistance Metabolic resistance due to qualitative or quantitative changes in COE gene products (group of hydrolase enzymes capable of hydrolyzing compounds containing ester bonds) resulting in more efficient insecticide sequestration or metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000021 resistance to single insecticide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000349 insecticide resistance A selected heritable characteristic in an insect population that results in the repeated failure of one single insecticide (but not others within or outside that class) to provide the intended level of control when used as recommended. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000028 stimulus independent resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000005 behavioural resistance Resistance resulting from a chemical-independent modification in behaviour that helps the insect avoid the lethal effect of insecticides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000077 cuticle permeability related resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000021 resistance to single insecticide Change of permeability of the cuticle resulting in reduced insecticide uptake. This can lead to resistance due to lower amounts of insecticide inside the insect's body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000116 modified midgut receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000004 mutated protein Structurally modified protein in the insects' midgut that is no longer able to bind an insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000129 midgut receptor mediated resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000004 target-site resistance Target-site resistance due to the fact that the receptors in the insects' midgut that are responsible for binding an insecticide can no longer function properly due to a mutation in the corresponding gene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000001 chitin biosynthesis inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which inhibits chitin biosynthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000106 Anopheles hectoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000108 Anopheles hermsi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000110 Anopheles hyrcanus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000115 Anopheles judithae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000119 Anopheles kyondawensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000121 Anopheles lesteri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles, which acts as a major Chinese malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000122 Anopheles letifer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles, which acts as a minor Malaysian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000127 Anopheles japonicus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000137 Anopheles melanoon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000138 Anopheles mengalangensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000139 Anopheles messeae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles, which acts as a minor North Eurasian & Mediterranean malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000141 Anopheles montanus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000159 Anopheles galvaoi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000162 Anopheles lutzii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000174 Anopheles strodei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002269 Anopheles dthali http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002271 Anopheles dureni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003065 Anopheles gambiae molecular form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003829 Anopheles gambiae A form of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto differentiated by defined DNA polymorphisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003235 Anopheles coluzzii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003480 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato A molecular form of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto, defined by the presence of a given haplotype of the rDNA intergenic spacer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003434 Anopheles noei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003478 Anopheles funestus sensu lato http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species complex of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003480 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species complex of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003537 Anopheles minimus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Malaysian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003540 Anopheles moucheti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a minor Afrotropical malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003541 Anopheles nigeriensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003543 Anopheles mousinhoi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003544 Anopheles multicinctus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003546 Anopheles multicolor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a minor Afro-Arabian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003547 Anopheles murphyi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003549 Anopheles nataliae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003597 Anopheles solomonis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003599 Anopheles splendidus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003638 Anopheles laneanus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_68877 Kerteszia A species of subgenus Kerteszia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003645 Anopheles gomezdelatorrei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003643 Lophopodomyia A species of subgenus Lophopodomyia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003739 Anopheles hailarensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003830 chromosomal form Bamako http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003480 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato A chromosomal form of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto or Anopheles coluzzii bearing the karyotypes jcu/jcu or jbcu/jcu or jbcu/jbcu. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003832 chromosomal form Savanna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003480 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato A chromosomal form of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto or Anopheles coluzzii bearing the karyotype bcu/bcu or cu/bcu or cu/cu or b/bcu or b/cu or b/b or +/bcu or +/cu or +/b. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003833 chromosomal form Forest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003480 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato A chromosomal form of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003834 Anopheles funestus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003478 Anopheles funestus sensu lato A member species of the species complex Anopheles funestus sensu lato, which acts as a major Afrotropical malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003835 chromosomal form Bissau http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003480 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato A chromosomal form of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000721 4 days after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Four days after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000003 reproduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The production by an organism of new individuals that contain some portion of their genetic material inherited from that organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000228 nuclear chromosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005694 chromosome A chromosome found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002164 larval development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the larva over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The larva is the early, immature form of any animal when more or less of a metamorphosis takes place, before the assumption of the mature shape. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002250 adaptive immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000006 host immune response An immune response based on directed amplification of specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process, and allowing for enhanced response to subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002253 activation of immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002376 immune system process Any process that initiates an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002263 cell activation during immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000809 cellular process of human host A change in the morphology or behavior of a cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002271 plasmacytoid dendritic cell activation during immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000295 dendritic cell activation during immune response A change in the morphology or behavior of a plasmacytoid dendritic cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002275 myeloid cell activation during immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002366 leukocyte activation during immune response A change in the morphology or behavior of a myeloid cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002277 myeloid dendritic cell activation during immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000061 conventional dendritic cell activation during immune response The change in morphology and behavior of a myeloid dendritic cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002281 macrophage activation during immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002275 myeloid cell activation during immune response A change in the morphology or behavior of a macrophage resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002285 lymphocyte activation during immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002366 leukocyte activation during immune response A change in morphology and behavior of a lymphocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002286 T cell activation during immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002285 lymphocyte activation during immune response A change in the morphology and behavior of a mature or immature T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002312 B cell activation during immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002285 lymphocyte activation during immune response The change in morphology and behaviour of a mature or immature B cell during immune response, resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002366 leukocyte activation during immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002263 cell activation during immune response A change in the morphology and behaviour of a leukocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002367 cytokine production during immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002440 production of molecular mediators of immune response The appearance of cytokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus during an immune response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002376 immune system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002381 immunoglobulin production during immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002440 production of molecular mediators of immune response The appearance of immunoglobulin due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus during an immune response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002440 production of molecular mediators of immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000561 host immune effector process The synthesis or release of any molecular mediator of the immune response following an immunological stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002450 B cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882 antigen processing and presentation The process by which a B cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002457 T cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882 antigen processing and presentation The process by which a T cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002468 dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882 antigen processing and presentation The process by which a dendritic cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002472 macrophage antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882 antigen processing and presentation The process by which a macrophage expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002473 non-professional antigen presenting cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882 antigen processing and presentation The process by which a non-professional antigen presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. Non-professional antigen presenting cells include all cell types but dendritic cells, B cells, T cells, monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002679 respiratory burst during defense response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000804 host metabolic process A phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases made as a defense response; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002747 antigen processing and presentation following phagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882 antigen processing and presentation Antigen processing and presentation which is initiated by uptake of antigen via phagocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002749 antigen processing and presentation initiated by toll-like receptor mediated phagocytosis of antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002747 antigen processing and presentation following phagocytosis Antigen processing and presentation which is initiated by phagocytosis of antigen bound directly or indirectly to a cell surface toll-like receptor (TLR). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005694 chromosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006909 phagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006897 endocytosis The process whereby phagocytes engulf external particulate material. The particles are initially contained within phagocytic vacuoles (phagosomes), which then fuse with primary lysosomes to effect digestion of the particles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955 immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002376 immune system process Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006956 complement activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000561 host immune effector process Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the complement cascade, which allows for the direct killing of microbes, the disposal of immune complexes, and the regulation of other immune processes; the initial steps of complement activation involve one of three pathways, the classical pathway, the alternative pathway, and the lectin pathway, all of which lead to the terminal complement pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006959 humoral immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000006 host immune response An immune response mediated through a body fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_Process process Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882 antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000005 host immune system process The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019883 antigen processing and presentation of endogenous antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882 antigen processing and presentation The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019884 antigen processing and presentation of exogenous antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882 antigen processing and presentation The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: a cell, tissue, organ, or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040007 growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050896 response to stimulus A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chemical stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005575 cellular_component Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, and prokaryotic structures such as anammoxosomes and pirellulosomes. Excludes the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043299 leukocyte degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000561 host immune effector process The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules by a leukocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044065 regulation of respiratory system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process The regulation is done by pumping air by opening and closing spiracles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045087 innate immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000006 host immune response Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germ line encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019815 B cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000732 protein complex An immunoglobulin complex that is present in the plasma membrane of B cells and that in its canonical form is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains and two identical immunoglobulin light chains and a signaling subunit, a heterodimer of the Ig-alpha and Ig-beta proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0020013 rosetting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000072 pathogen-host interaction The binding of parasite infected erythrocytes to uninfected erythrocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0020033 antigenic variation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen Any process involved in the biological strategy of changing antigenic determinants on the surface that are exposed to another organism's immune system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030100 regulation of endocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000108 biological regulation of human host Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032609 interferon-gamma production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002367 cytokine production during immune response The appearance of interferon-gamma due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032997 Fc receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000732 protein complex A protein complex composed of a subunit or subunits capable of binding the Fc portion of an immunoglobulin with additional signaling components. The complex functions as a receptor for immunoglobulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033000 Fc-gamma receptor I complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032997 Fc receptor complex A protein complex composed of an Fc-gamma RI alpha chain and an Fc-epsilon RI gamma chain dimer with or without additional signaling components. The complex functions primarily as an activating receptor for IgG. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040011 locomotion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002113 muscular system process Self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035006 melanization defense response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955 immune response The blackening of the wounded area of the cuticle or the surface of invading pathogens, parasites or parasitoids, resulting from a proteolytic cascade leading to the de novo synthesis and deposition of melanin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042105 alpha-beta T cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000732 protein complex A T cell receptor complex in which the TCR heterodimer comprises alpha and beta chains, associated with the CD3 complex; recognizes a complex consisting of an antigen-derived peptide bound to a class I or class II MHC protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042106 gamma-delta T cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000732 protein complex The gamma-delta T cell receptor is a heterodimer consisting of one gamma and one delta chain.A T cell receptor complex in which the TCR heterodimer comprises gamma and delta chains, associated with the CD3 complex; recognizes antigen directly, without a requirement for processing and presentation by an MHC protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042467 orthokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002181 larval kinesis The movement of a cell or organism in response to a stimulus in which the speed or frequency of movement is increased or decreased. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042468 klinokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002181 larval kinesis The movement of a cell or organism in response to a stimulus in which the frequency or magnitude of turning behavior is altered. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043320 natural killer cell degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043299 leukocyte degranulation The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as perforin and granzymes by a natural killer cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045728 respiratory burst after phagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002679 respiratory burst during defense response A phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases, that occurs in neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages shortly after phagocytosing material. An enhanced uptake of oxygen leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals, which play a part in microbiocidal activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051704 multi-organism process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process Any process by which an organism has an effect on another organism of the same or different species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000020 lake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000063 water body A body of water or other liquid of considerable size contained on a body of land. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000023 stream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000029 watercourse Linear body of water flowing on the Earth's surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000026 well http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000000 geographic feature A cylindrical hole, pit, or tunnel drilled or dug down to a depth from which water, oil, or gas can be pumped or brought to the surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000027 spring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000063 water body A point where groundwater or steam flows out of the ground, and is thus where the aquifer surface meets the ground surface or where there is a fissure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000029 watercourse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000063 water body A flowing body of water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000395 channel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000029 watercourse The physical confine of a river, slough or ocean strait consisting of a bed and banks. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002006 water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound The liquid form of dihydrogen monoxide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4802 Lagenidium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2870 Phaeophyceae A genus of mold-like brown algae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000015 genus Anopheles A subgenus of genus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000218 malarial antigen detection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000216 immunological method A method devised to detect a malarial antigen and, thus, infection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000058 Anopheles claviger http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles, which acts as a minor Mediterranean malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000026 Anopheles annulipalpis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002418 ovulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The extrusion of mature oocytes from the ovarian follicles into the calyces and oviducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003454 Anopheles sintoni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000033 Cinchona calisaya http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000007 Chinchona A member of the Cinchona family growing in Bolivia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002213 responses of long pointed single-walled multiporous hair sensilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002210 response of single-walled multiporous hair sensilla These seensilla were perdominantly stimulated by C2 to C10 saturated straight-chain fatty acids. Their spontaneous activity was inhibited by volatile oils. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000655 adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000644 vector organism An vector organid in its sexually mature stage after metamorphosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000103 structural change of product in CYP6 gene family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000099 qualitatively changed P450 Structural changes in CYP6 P450 gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003459 Anopheles symesi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000000 plant anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000003 anatomical structure An anatomical entity that is or was part of a plant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000048 Dichroa febrifuga http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000047 Dichroa D. febrifuga is a species in the genus Dichroa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001255 human population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001254 population A population of human beings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000088 structural change of product in GSTe gene family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000086 qualitatively changed GST Structural changes in GSTe gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_GenericallyDependentContinuant generically dependent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_DependentContinuant dependent continuant A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is dependent on one or other independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] bearers. For every instance of A requires some instance of (an independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] type) B but which instance of B serves can change from time to time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_IndependentContinuant independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Continuant continuant A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is a bearer of quality [snap:Quality] and realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_ObjectBoundary object boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_IndependentContinuant independent continuant An independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] that is a lower dimensional part of a spatial entity, normally a closed two-dimensional surface. Boundaries are those privileged parts of object [snap:Object] entities that exist at exactly the point where the object [snap:Object] is separated off from the rest of the existing entities in the world. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_RealizableEntity realizable entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_SpecificallyDependentContinuant specifically dependent continuant A specifically dependent continuant [snap:SpecificallyDependentContinuant] that inheres in continuant [snap:Continuant] entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001117 JESEBL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 181 kDa protein expressed in the late schizont stage and located in the micronemes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001118 EBL-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A protein expressed in the late schizont stage and located in the micronemes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001120 PfRBP-2Ha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 370 kDa protein located in rhoptries of merozoites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001123 RAP-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A rhoptry protein present during asexual blood stage parasite development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001125 RAP-3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 37-40 kDa protein located in merozoite rhoptries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001128 RAMA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 60 kDa protein anchored to merozoite membrane via its GPI tail. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001130 RESA-like protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A protein synthesized during early ring stages and transported to infected red blood cells membrane surface during the trophozoite stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001132 HRP-II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A secreted soluble protein present in parasite cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001134 PfEMP-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A knob-associated cytoadherent protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001138 PvDBP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A Plasmodium vivax protein which binds to Duffy blood group antigen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001141 PPLP-3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A putative secreted protein conserved across the Plasmodium species characterized by a MACPF-like domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001142 PPLP-4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A putative secreted protein conserved across the Plasmodium species characterized by a MACPF-like domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001144 MSP-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A major membrane protein attached to the merozoite surface through a GPI anchor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001146 MSP-4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A major membrane protein attached to the merozoite surface through a GPI anchor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001148 MSP-6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A major membrane protein attached to the merozoite surface through a GPI anchor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001152 MSP-10 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 61.2 kDa protein anchored to the merozoite membrane via GPI. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001157 PTRAMP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A 352 amino acid protein with a putative signal sequence, transmembrane domain and thrombospondin structural homology repeat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001175 Anopheles breeding site role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A role borne by a site which provides habitat for anopheline larvae and on which a female mosquito lays its eggs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001186 brackish water pond http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000230 coastal wetland A pond filled with brackish water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001192 plant axil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000967 container The angle between the upper side of the stem and a leaf, branch, or petiole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001194 discarded container http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000967 container Any kind of container that has been discarded in the environment by man. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001202 flowing water in ditch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002006 water Fresh water running slowly in a man-made ditch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001205 large open marsh http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000000 geographic feature A marsh, or morass, is a type of wetland which is subject to frequent or continuous flood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001229 Plasmodium berghei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001270 subgenus Vinckeia An African rodent parasite, often used as a model. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001068 host protein A protein that is naturally found in humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001235 variant haemoglobin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001232 human haemoglobin Any haemoglobin that is comprised of at least one chain encoded by a corresponding non-wild type gene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001236 haemoglobin S http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001235 variant haemoglobin A variant haemoglobin with a substitution of a valine for glutamine at position 57 in the beta chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001241 condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_RealizableEntity realizable entity A realizable dependent continuant that inheres in substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002041 secretion of tubular fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002040 diuresis The release of the unmodified secretion of the Malpighiann tubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002054 fertilization (sensu Anophelinae) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The union of male and female gametes and formation of a zygote in anopheline vectors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002063 sensory coupling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002125 nervous system process The process of energy absorption from a physical stimulus by a sensillum and its transmission to sensory neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002067 secretion of peritrophic matrix in adults http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002033 formation of peritrophic matrix All midgut columnal cells secrete the substance of the membrane which is deposited around the ingested blood mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002068 secretion of peritrophic matrix in larvae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The membrane is secreted by a narrow band of cells at the anterior end of the mindgut and is formed as a continuous tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002071 organelle synthesis in midgut cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector A few hours after the distention of mindgut a phase of organelle synthesis occurs when additional ribosomes and endoplasmic reticulum are synthesized and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002119 larval crawling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002432 larval locomotion Some larvae walk by means of their thoracic legs in the same manner as adult forms; but they are often aided by provisional modifications of the abdomen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002120 larval swimming http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002432 larval locomotion Larvae use their abdominal muscles to cause a lateral flexure of the abdomen. The massive abdominal muscles that provide the power for larval locomotion persist through the pupal and pharate-adult stages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002121 gliding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The movement of adult mosquitoes in the air currents. Defined as slowly falling at less than 45 degrees from the horizontal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002138 regulation of adult behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process It is found that the behavioural activities of adult mosquitoes take place at particular times of day and night, which vary between species and the timing is controlled by endogeous or so-called circadian rythms, which are reset daily by the change from light to dark at sunset. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002152 larval excretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007588 excretion The secretion and regulation of inorganic ions in larvae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002161 hormonal regulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002031 regulation of digestive enzyme synthesis The hormonal involvement in the regulation of enzyme synthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002190 scraping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002182 larval feeding behaviour Is the removal and ingestion of the biofilm that abheres tightly to submerged plant and mineral surfaces, and also of the algae and stalked protists that adhere directly to such surfaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002197 late phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector When the flow rate is slightly above the control level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002221 reception of physical stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007600 sensory perception The reception of the physical stimuli is typically a three-stage process of coupling, transduction and encoding. Is made by the mosquito antennae, which are sensitive to a band of vibrational frequencies, pressure changes or displacements of air particles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002228 larval spectral sensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002225 responses of the visual pigments and the chromophores The spectral sensitivity of a photoreceptor is determined by the absorption characteristics of its visual pigments. The eyes of different insects contain from one to four receptor types with distinct spectral sensitivities. Mosquito larvae exhibit a negative phototactic or diving response when first exposed to light at night or to a bright source by day, but this is soon followed by a return to the surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002231 neural superposition eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002421 compound eye A compound eye in certain diptera in which the rhabdomeres act as independent light guides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002233 quality of optical sensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector The sensitivity (S) of an eye is a measure of the size of the photon sample that it can capture from each direction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002249 facultative autogeny http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002248 autogeny Observed in genetically autogenous females that will engorge readily during the first ovarian cycle if they meet a host, but which can mature one batch of eggs without a blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002254 senses and flight response during mating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process Flight reactions and patterns expressed during mating. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002276 ovarian developmental stages according Christophers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002275 developmental gates This description of ovarian stages is based on the development of primary ovarian follicles in Ae aegypti and Cx pipiens. Anopheles gambie shows the following differences: there is no distinct stage Ib characterized by differnces between oocyte and nurse cells, and by stage IIa the oocyte half fills the follicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002277 ovarian developmental stages according Troy et al. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002275 developmental gates The ovarian cycle can be divided into sequential phases and stages using physiological and anatomical criteria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002278 germarial gate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002275 developmental gates In the earliest stage at which ovarian follicles are visibly distinct they are still closely attached to the germaria (Christopher's stage G). Normally the primary follicles separate from the germaria shortly after emergence, and each subsequent batch of follicles leaves the germarial reting stage when a blood meal restarts the ovarian cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002318 ingestion of sugar solution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002062 sugar feeding When the tarsi of a walking mosquito touch a drop of sugar solution the mosquito stops moving or turns, and directs its proboscis towards the stimulus. The tip of the proboskis is placed in contact with the fluid, and when the chemosensory hairs on the aboral surface of the labella are stimulated the labellar lobes spread apart giving the so-called labellar response. Once the labellar lobes have parted, the oral surfaces of the ladella lie flat on the droplet and the external surfaces face away from it. The fluid immediately spreads over the hydrophilic oral surfaces of the labella and their chemosensilla, and over the ligul, submerging the tip of the labrum. When touched by fluid the ligula rapidly increases in size, probably due to a combination of physical forces on the cuticle and internal pressure of haemolymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002323 descent to the water surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process After a period of flying to and against the roof of the cage, the mosquitoes began to make descents to the floor. Often this was an ordinary diagonal flight movement, but sometimes this descent was a 'pancake landing'. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002342 development of competence to respond to host cue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process The development of the capability to respond to a variety of host stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002349 using safe biotope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002241 protective behaviour This is an important form of predator avoidance. A variety of relatively safe niches can be discerned among ground waters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002353 development of the alimentary canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002171 histological change During growth the larval stage the alimentary canal grows in cell size and with the formation of polytene and endopolyploid nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002367 negative thigmokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002181 larval kinesis Inhibition of movement in response to contact stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002374 geotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002180 taxis Tactical responses to gravitation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002376 thigmotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002180 taxis Is described as a tendency to maintain bodily contact with solid objects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002377 ultrastructural changes in the Trophocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector During successive ovarian cycles the fat body passes through a parallel series of cyclesof ultrastructural generation and degeneration, during each of which the fat body cells or trophocytes exhibit three stages: (i) A previtellogenic stage of activity. (ii) A vitellogenic stage. (iii) A termination stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002380 termination stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector Termination of vitellogenin synthesis starts with a sharp decline in the concentration of vitellogenin in the fat body. This decline is thought to be associated with a simultaneous and dramatic rise in lysosomal activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002383 free-running of rhythm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process Flight-activity periodicties that had been entrained by photoperiod free-ran in DD or LL, and therefore were endogenously controlled rhythms. The same was observed for the erection of male antennal fibrillae and male responsiveness to the female flight tone, for the responsiveness of females to host cues, and for oviposition activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002384 compulsive killing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002139 larval behavioural process When kept with prey in small containers, Toxorhynchites fourth instar larvae that have reached an advanced stage of development stop feeding but continue killing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002389 fat body factor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001070 vector protein The fat body is the source of a factor that can induce the reduction in sensitivity of the LA-excited neurones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002395 behaviour of inseminated non-blood-fed female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002393 behaviour of crepuscular and nocturnal species In the laboratory, in most of the four nocturnal/crepuscular species investigated, insemination led to a reduction in the E and M flight-activity peaks shown by virgin femlaes and an increase in scotophase activity. Such a periodicity was characteristic of wild females of all these species taken in biting catches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002397 behaviour of diurnal species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process WIld females exhibit peaks of alighting on vertebrate hosts and of oviposition at the beginning and end of the photophase. Captive females show a similar bimodal pattern with regard to flight activity, sugar feeding, response to host odour, and oviposition. When continuously exposed to sugar or host odour captive females showed significant levels of activity throughout the scotophase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002402 insect source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002062 sugar feeding Acquiring plant sugars from other insects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002407 orientation towards the source of an odour plume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002304 response to host odour Mosquitoes are capable of odour-mediated, optomotor-guided navigation upwind, and experimentation has shown that the females of certain species respond to odour emanating from hosts 22 or 36 m distant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002409 extrinsic incubation period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInterval temporal interval The period from ingestion of the infectious blood meal to transmission capability. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002411 osmotic and ionic regulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Mosquito larvae are found in a wide range of habitats, from rain-filled pools and containers at one extreme to inland saline pools of high salinity, high alkalinity and unusual ionic composition at the other. The capacity to survive under one or other, or even both, of these extreme conditions is due to powerful transport processes in the epithelia of the alimentary canal and anal papillae which provide homeostasis of the internal environment, making mosquito larvae among the best ionic and osmotic regulators in the animal kingdom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002414 nodule formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002450 melanotic encapsulation Nodules appear as compacted masses of bacteria enmeshed wih hemocytes, the whole of which usually becomse infiltrated with the pigment melanin. Many nodules are then walled off under a final layer of hemocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002417 response to emanations from larva and pupa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002309 response to chemical cue during pre-oviposition stage and oviposition Some gravid mosquitoes oviposit preferentially on water that previously contained larvae, pupae, exuviae or emerging adult, this was ascribed to chemical factors produced by them. Those factors are classed as pheromones by some authors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002420 expression of fixed action patterns http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002125 nervous system process Specific behaviors programmed into the central nervous system (CNS), which when released at appropriate times provide a selective advantage to those individuals expressing them. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002429 courtship http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process Male display of specialized behaviour patterns that overcome female unreceptiveness and form the normal preliminaries to copulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002431 humoral response to filarial worms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955 immune response Recognition of the microfilariae within the hemocoele triggers a humoral immune response that may result in melanotic encapsulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002433 movement within an odour plume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002242 kinetic response to chemical stimulus Upon entering an odour plume, mosquitoes continue to fly in a straight line. But if the subsequentely leave the plume they engage in rapid turns, a strategy that presumably increases the probability that they will reenter the plume or a neighboring one. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002434 regulation of larval behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Any process that modulates the behavioural patterns of larvae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002435 regulation of larval feeding behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002434 regulation of larval behaviour The rate of food ingestion by larvae is generally enhanced by yeast extracts, nucleotides and generatl viscosity of the water. Temperature of water, larval instar and prior starvation also influence feeding rates. Larvae may also aggregate in response to gradients of temperature and nutrients within the water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002445 pathogen recognition molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001034 abiotic object Several types of insect plasma proteins have been shown to function as pattern-recognition molecules. They bind to one or more polysaccharide or lipopolysaccharide components on the surface of microbial cells. These interactions stimulate immune responses, such as phagocytosis, nodule formation and phenol oxidase activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000273 deliberate malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000272 induced malaria Historical iatrogenically induced malaria aiming at therapy of neurosyphilis or, in newer times, for the experimental trials of vaccines or drugs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000279 treatment of cerebral oedema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Treatment of patients showing signs of cerebral oedema and/or cerebral herniation according to standard procedures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000283 treatment of fluid and electrolyte balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Treatment of dehydrated patients or patients showing signs of a disturbed electrilyte balance according to standard procedures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000285 treatment of pulmonary oedema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Treatment of patients showing signs of pulmonary oedema according to standard procedures and/or positive pressure ventilation where possible. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000290 treatment of metabolic acidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure Treatment of metabolic acidosis in patients according to standard procedures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000293 transmission blocking vaccine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001055 malaria vaccine A vaccine aiming at inducing antibodies to attack the sexual stages of the malaria parasite (gametocytes, gametes, zygotes, ookinetes) either in the human host or within the mosquito. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000295 dendritic cell activation during immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002366 leukocyte activation during immune response A change in the morphology and behaviour of a dendritic cell resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000297 ookinete stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000301 invertebrate host stage The banana-shaped motile stage of Plasmodium that the zygote develops into. It moves out of the blood bolus through the peritrophic membrane and through the midgut epithelium reaching the basal lamina surrounding the midgut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000299 blood gametocyte stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000308 blood stage A blood stage of Plasmodium that, upon transfer to a mosquito with a blood meal, will undergo further development giving rise to gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000312 use of chemicals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_Process process Any use of chemicals such as insecticides or repellents for the purpose of vector control. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000314 female mosquito gametocyte stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000313 mosquito gametocyte stage A stage in the mosquito midgut that will later develop into a female gamete stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000323 malaria eradication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria The reduction of malaria prevalence in the global human or animal host population to zero. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000389 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell mediated immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000747 T cell mediated immune response An immune response involving a change in the state or activity of a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell in response to stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000390 T-helper 1 cell mediated immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000389 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell mediated immune response An immune response involving a change in the state or activity of a T-helper 1 cell in response to stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000391 T-helper 2 cell mediated immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000389 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell mediated immune response An immune response involving a change in the state or activity of a T-helper 2 cell in response to stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000392 natural killer cell mediated cytotoxic response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000776 leukocyte mediated cytotoxic response The directed killing of a target cell by a natural killer cell through the release of granules containing cytotoxic mediators or through the engagement of death receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000393 Fas-induced apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006917 induction of apoptosis Apoptosis induced by the binding of Fas ligand (FasL/CD95L) to Fas (ApoI/CD95), resulting in signal transduction, which initiates apoptosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000412 vectorial capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000430 measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates The number of secondary cases arising per day from one infective case in a susceptible population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000413 direct malaria transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000082 malaria transmission Direct transmission is a transmission process that is the means during which the malaria pathogen is transmitted immediately from a reservoir, source or host to another host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000416 vector borne malaria transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000414 indirect malaria transmission Vector-borne malaria transmission is an indirect malaria transmission process during which the malaria pathogen is indirectly transferred from a reservoir, source or host via an animate intermediary vector to another host. Most vectors are arthropods such as mosquitoes, fleas, and ticks. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000424 biotic object aggregate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_ObjectAggregate object aggregate A independent continuant entity that is a mereological sum of separate biotic objects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000429 usage of insecticides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000312 use of chemicals The usage of insecticides, usually for the purpose of mosquito control. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000467 Quickstick Malaria Antigen Test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Innovatek Medical Inc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000470 CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell activation during immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002286 T cell activation during immune response A change in the morphology and behavior of a CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell,resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000473 erythrocytic schizogony http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen A developmental process in the erythrocytes leading to the production of schizonts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000479 erythrocyte invasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001006 Plasmodium penetration of vertebrate host The phase where merozoites invade the erythrocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000635 quality of malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000002 quality A quality which refers to malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000676 environmental modification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000675 environmental management In malariology, use of engineering aiming at producing local conditions unfavourable for the breeding of mosquitoes in their usual habitats. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000679 Lido system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000677 filling In areas of extensive water covered with vegetation where drainage is impractical, the area can be deepened to the extent that plants cannot grow. If the banks of the impoundment are also steepened and stabilised, the introduction of larvivorous fish can reduce mosquito production dramatically. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000703 malaria parasite gametocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000406 malaria parasite organism A parasite organism that has reached the stage of gametocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000708 modulation of host immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000072 pathogen-host interaction Any process by which the pathogen modulates the frequency, rate or extent of host immune response(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000711 condition of malaria vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001241 condition A condition relating to any species of anopheline vectors of malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001096 MAEBL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A single transmembrane like protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001104 PfSUB1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A subtilisin like serine protease discharged from exonemes into parasitoforous vacuole space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001106 HAP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein An active enzyme involved in heamoglobin degradation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001109 SERA-5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A protease expressed in merozoites as a protomer that is subsequently processed into four fragments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001111 Pf38 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A merozoite protein containing six-cystein motifs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001113 Pf92 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A merozoite protein containing six-cystein motifs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001114 Pf113 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A merozoite protein containing six-cystein motifs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001115 EBA-175 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein An 175 kDa protein localized in micronemes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002464 pool in a car track http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000002 anthropogenic feature A small collection of water in a track left by a car on a non-paved road. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000081 Anopheles geometricus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000082 Anopheles ejercitoi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000084 Anopheles evandroi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000094 Anopheles georgianus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000095 Anopheles gigas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000107 Anopheles heiheensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000109 Anopheles hunteri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000111 Anopheles implexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000112 Anopheles insulaeflorum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000167 Anopheles konderi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000181 Anopheles nimbus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_273456 Stethomyia A species of subgenus Stethomyia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002272 Anopheles elegans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000444 1 hour after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant One hour after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008219 cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000809 cellular process of human host The specific activation or halting process within a cell so that its vital functions markedly cease, rather than simply deteriorating gradually over time, which culminates in cell death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008228 opsonization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000561 host immune effector process The process by which a microorganism (or other particulate material) is rendered more susceptible to phagocytosis by coating with an opsonin, a blood serum protein such as a complement component or antibody. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002153 vector metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, including the breakdown of carbon compounds with the liberation of energy for use by the cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016952 carbohydrate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060361 flight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002455 adult locomotion Self-propelled movement of an organism from one location to another through the air, usually by means of active wing movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071632 optomotor response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050896 response to stimulus Eye, head or whole body movements that help to compensate movements of the environment in order to stabilize its image on the retina. In the case of whole body movements, these motor actions may also stabilize a locomotor course in response to some disturbance. Examples include: the optokinetic reflex, which allows human eyes to follow objects in motion while the head remains stationary reflex; the optomotor responses of flying insects and swimming fish. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001116 BAEBL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A protein expressed in late schizogony localized in micronemes. Paralogue of EBA-175. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000072 Anopheles crucians http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001101 PbROM1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A serine protease present in blood stage merozoites localized to the apical end. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000040 Artemisia apiacea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000037 Artemisia A member of the artemisia family. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000255 moulting disruptor in Diptera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000101 moulting disruptor A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000414 indirect malaria transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000082 malaria transmission Indirect transmission is a transmission process during which the pathogen is indirectly transferred from a reservoir, source or host to another host by intermediary vehicles, vectors or as airborne dust particles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000180 Anopheles kompi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_273456 Stethomyia A species of subgenus Stethomyia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002438 regulation of circadian rhythmicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process The rhythms are generally entrained by photoperiod and temperature and appear to be governed by multiple endogenous circadian pacemakers. Females that have mated often show an altered periodicity that eliminates the acitivity peak normally associated with the time of day that mating occurs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000020 cinchonan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000018 cinchona alkaloid A quinoline alkaloid fundamental parent that has formula C19H22N2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002167 expansion of cuticle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector Formation of pharate cuticle starts during the later stages of dissolution of the pupal cuticle. Seventeen hours after larval-pupal ecdysis small 3-layered plates are deposited just above the apical membrane of the epidermal cells, which bears minute microvilli at this stage. Addition of material at the edges of the plate leads to the formation of a continuous layer of outer epicuticle over the epidermal cells. By the pupal-adult ecdysis there are four lamellae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000603 patient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A person under health care. The person may be waiting for this care or may be receiving it or may have already received it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003399 Anopheles hodgkini http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000182 Anopheles thomasi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_273456 Stethomyia A species of subgenus Stethomyia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000584 mesoendemicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000571 malaria endemicity Mesoendemicity is found typically among small rural communities in the subtropical zones with varying intensity of transmission depending on local circumstances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002143 nutritional process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector Oragnic material of almost every kind in nature serve as food for insects. The process of nutrition starts with the ingestion of food and ends with the digestion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002466 cattle hoof print http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000967 container A depression made by an animal hoof while the soil was wet. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000089 structural change of product in GSTo gene family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000086 qualitatively changed GST Structural changes in GSTo gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000092 structural change of product in GSTz gene family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000086 qualitatively changed GST Structural changes in GST gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000131 sodium channel mediated resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000004 target-site resistance Resistance due to mutation leading to structural changes of the insecticide target sodium channel gene product. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000120 Anopheles labranchiae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles, which acts as a major Mediterranean malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000123 Anopheles liangshanensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000129 Anopheles maculipennis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000130 Anopheles maculipes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000132 Anopheles marteri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000133 Anopheles martinius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000134 Anopheles mattogrossensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003403 Anopheles manalangi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003406 Anopheles nitidus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003457 Anopheles stigmaticus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003458 Anopheles stricklandi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003502 Anopheles keniensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003532 Anopheles melas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003480 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato A member species of the species complex Anopheles gambiae sensu lato, which acts as a minor Afrotropical malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003536 Anopheles milloti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000003 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000343 biotic object Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000408 host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role An organism bearing a host role. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000436 infectious disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Disposition disposition A disease whose physical basis is an infection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000450 pathogenic disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Disposition disposition A disposition to initiate processes that result in a disorder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000466 virulence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000347 quality of pathogen A quality that inheres in an infectious agent and is the degree to which realizations of the infectious disease caused by the infectious agent become severe or fatal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000467 susceptibility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector A quality that inheres in an entity and is the degree to which it can be harmed by another entity of a certain type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000480 infection incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000351 quality of host population A quality that inheres in an organism population and is the number of organisms in the population that become infected with an infectious agent during a specified period of time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000486 infection prevalence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000351 quality of host population The number of organisms in the population infected with an infectious agent at a specified time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000077 2Rcu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000068 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome 2R A chromosome 2 found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries both the inversions c and u in its right arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000911 introduction of Culicinomyces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001023 usage of fungal pathogens The usage of Culicinomyces in a potential vector breeding site/habitat to achieve reduction or elimination of a vector population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001079 PbGC beta guanylate cyclase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A single molecule with a guanylate cyclase domain and N-terminal P-type ATPase like domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002127 stomatogastric nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002460 anatomical system Arises during embryonic development by an ingrowth from the dorsal wall of the stomodaeum which later requires connexion with the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003609 Anopheles tchekedii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000441 measure relating to host blood in aggregate of arthropods http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000428 measure relating to aggregate of arthropods Measure relating to host blood within an aggregate of arthropods. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000021 PfDHPS K540E substitution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000010 PfDHPS mutated protein The altered protein product of PfDHPS containing a substitution of lysine with glutathione at position 540. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000015 PfDHFR N51I substitution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000009 PfDHFR mutated protein The altered protein product of PfDHFR containing a substitution of asparagine with isoleucine at position 51. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002098 rRNA synthesis in oocyte and nurse cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector Histochemical studies combined with the use of radioactive tracers and electron microscopy have largely confirmed that there is active synthesis and emission of RNA from the nucleus, and thence from the nucleus of the oocyte to the cytoplasm. Some of the proteins of the egg are synthetized in the nurse cells and follicular cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002304 response to host odour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002303 adult response of olfactory sensilla while host-seeking Host odour is here taken to comprise all volatile compounds, organic and inorganic, that emanate from a vertebrate host and that stimulate mosquito chemosensilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002463 canal with flowing water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000014 canal A canal with limited flow of water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002422 male terminalia rotation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process Male mosquitoes eclose with genitalia that are imporperly positioned for mating. Before they are able to successfully copulate, their terminalia must rotate through 180 degrees, either clockwise or counterclockwise. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002275 developmental gates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_SpatiotemporalInterval spatiotemporal interval The gates are points of potential or actual arrest at which follicular development will be halted, without detriment to the follicles, unless or until specific physiological conditions occur. These might entail exposure to specific stimuli or, conceptually at least, the absence of specific inhibitors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002239 Anopheles brunnipes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000702 nitric oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound Nitric oxide is a biological signaling molecule and also one of the principal effector molecules in killing parasites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000249 diaminodiphenyl sulfone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000205 sulfone A drug belonging to the class of sulfones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001218 swamp in forest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000000 geographic feature A swamp in a forest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002385 onset of immediate inhibition of responsiveness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002341 responsiveness to host cue Culicine females that have engorged fully usually become inactive and non-responsive to host cues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003535 Anopheles millecampsi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003447 Anopheles saperoi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000014 canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000121 artificial channel Artificial watercourse with no flow or a controlled flow used for navigation, drainage or irrigation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000019 saline lake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000020 lake A lake whose water contains a considerable concentration of dissolved salts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000021 freshwater lake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000020 lake A lake of whose water contains low concentrations of salts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000033 pond http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000020 lake A body of water, usually of smaller size than a lake. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000037 ditch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000121 artificial channel A small artificial watercourse dug for draining or irrigating the land. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000038 lagoon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000230 coastal wetland A sheet of saline water separated from the open sea by sand or shingle banks. The sheet of water between an offshore reef, especially of coral and mainland. The sheet of water within a ring or horseshoe shaped atoll. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000041 tidal creek http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000230 coastal wetland A tidal water channel. Creeks may often dry to a muddy channel with little or no flow at low tide, but often with significant depth of water at high tide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000043 wetland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000000 geographic feature An area that is inundated or saturated by surface or ground water at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000045 estuary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000230 coastal wetland A semi-enclosed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000053 freshwater marsh http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000243 freshwater wetland A marsh associated with water that contains low concentrations of salts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000057 mangrove swamp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000230 coastal wetland An swamp formed of trees and shrubs that grow in saline coastal habitats in the tropics and subtropics. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000103 mangrove island http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000057 mangrove swamp An island formed of trees and shrubs that grow in saline coastal habitats in the tropics and subtropics. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000113 cultivated habitat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002031 anthropogenic habitat A geographical feature modified by humans by the preparation of the land, usually for the purposes of growing crops. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000117 plantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000113 cultivated habitat An intentional planting of a crop, on a large scale, usually for uses other than cereal production or pasture. The term is currently most often used for plantings of trees and shrubs. The term tends also to be used for plantings maintained on economic bases other than that of subsistence farming. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000139 irrigation ditch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000037 ditch A ditch that supplies water to surrounding land. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000140 drainage ditch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000967 container A ditch that collects water from the surrounding land. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000224 slightly stratified estuary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000045 estuary An estuary whose river output is less than the marine input. Here, turbulence causes mixing of the whole water column, such that salinity varies more longitudinally rather than vertically. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000225 highly stratified estuary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000045 estuary An estuary whose river output and marine input are more even, with river flow still dominant; turbulence induces more mixing of salt water upward than the reverse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000226 saline wedge estuary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000045 estuary An estuary whose river output greatly exceeds marine input; there is little mixing, and thus a sharp contrast between fresh surface water and saline bottom water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000227 vertically mixed estuary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000045 estuary An estuary whose river output is less than the marine input. Here, turbulence causes mixing of the whole water column, such that salinity varies more longitudinally rather than vertically. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000228 inverse estuary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000045 estuary An estuary located in regions with high evaporation, there is no freshwater input and in fact salinity increases inland; overall flow is inward at the surface, downwells at the inland terminus, and flows outward subsurface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000229 intermittent estuary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000045 estuary An estuary that varies dramatically depending on freshwater input, and is capable of changing from a wholly marine embayment to any of the other estuary types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000230 coastal wetland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000043 wetland A wetland associated with the part of the land adjoining or near a sea or ocean. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000231 moor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000243 freshwater wetland A wetland found in upland areas, characterised by acidic soils. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000233 swamp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000243 freshwater wetland A wetland that features permanent inundation of large areas of land by shallow bodies of water, generally with a substantial number of hummocks, or dry-land protrusions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000241 tidal mudflat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000230 coastal wetland A level tract lying at a small depth below the surface of water, or alternately covered and left bare by the tide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000243 freshwater wetland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000043 wetland A wetland whose water that contains low concentrations of salts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000296 rice field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000117 plantation A paddy field for the cultivation of rice. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000314 alluvial fan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000000 geographic feature A fan-shaped deposit formed where a fast flowing stream flattens, slows, and spreads typically at the exit of a canyon onto a flatter plain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000418 ria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000045 estuary A submergent coastal landform that forms where sea levels rise relative to the land either as a result of eustatic sea level change; where the global sea levels rise or isostatic sea level change; where the land sinks. When this happens valleys which were previously at sea level become submerged. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000472 backwater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000029 watercourse An area of calm water unaffected by the current of a stream. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000547 waterhole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000033 pond A pond, often temporary or seasonal, used as a drinking place by mammals and birds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002001 waste water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002006 water Water that has been adversely affected in quality by anthropogenic influence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002003 feces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_02000022 excreta Undigested food residues and other discarded products of the midgut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002019 brackish water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002006 water Brackish water is water that has more salinity than fresh water, but not as much as seawater. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002031 anthropogenic habitat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002036 habitat A habitat that is in or on an environmental feature or material derived from human activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002036 habitat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000427 site A spatial region having environmental qualities which may sustain an organism or a community of organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002047 urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_02000022 excreta Urine is a liquid excreta containing water and waste products made by the kidneys, stored in the bladder, and leaves the body through the urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00003044 brine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002006 water Water saturated or nearly saturated with salt (NaCl). It is used (now less popular than historically) to preserve vegetables, fish, and meat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_02000022 excreta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001034 abiotic object Excreta are bodily fluids consisting of waste matter, such as sweat or feces, discharged from the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1428 Bacillus thuringiensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2 bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis (or Bt) is a Gram-positive, soil-dwelling bacterium, commonly used as a pesticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000619 FirstSign-ParaView-2 (Pv + Pf) Card Test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Unimed International, Inc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002020 regulation of blood intake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002017 regulation of food intake in adults Female mosquitoes gorge on blood when it is applied by capillary tube to the unsheathed fascicle or offered through an artificial membrane. Whether stimulation of just the larbal sensilla with blood is sufficient to induce drinking is not known, but certainly stimulation of both larbal and cibarial sensilla is sufficient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000074 2Rj http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000068 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome 2R A chromosome 2 found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries the inversion j in its right arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003475 Anopheles fluviatilis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Indo-Chinese & Indo-Iranian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002322 Anopheles' oviposition behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002427 egg laying behaviour Anoplines exhibit a variety of oviposition behaviours. None oviposited though while settled on the water surface. A number of anopelines will deposit eggs on moist surfaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000731 8 days after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Eight days after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002410 approach of oviposition site http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process The behavioural pattern of mosquitoes when choosing where to deposit their eggs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000080 2Rjbd http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000068 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome 2R A chromosome 2 found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries the inversions j, b and d in its right arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000507 severe throbbing headache http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom A severe headache that gives the impression that one's blood vessels in the head are throbbing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000002 Bironella gracilis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_53562 Bironella A species of subgenus Bironella. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002340 regulation of sexual behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002138 regulation of adult behaviour The mechanisms through which sexual behaviour is regulated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003511 Anopheles leucosphyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Malaysian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001156 human glycophorin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001233 human host protein A protein expressed in the membrane of erythrocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002247 anautogeny http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector Refers to egg production that is dependent on protein intake. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000521 Coelomyces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4751 fungi A fungal genus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000236 quinidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000616 quinoline methanol MERGED DEFINITION: TARGET DEFINITION: An arylaminoaccohol schizontocidal drug. -------------------- SOURCE DEFINITION: A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000572 endemic malaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000029 epidemiological type of malaria A term applied to malaria when there is a constant measurable incidence both of cases of the disease and of its natural transmission in an area over a succession of years. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001067 protein A protein that is naturally found in Plasmodium parasites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003484 Anopheles greeni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002455 adult locomotion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040011 locomotion The assortment of movements of the adult mosquito. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000117 modified nicotinic receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000004 mutated protein Structural change of the insecticide target nAChR gene product resulting in decreased response to the insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002201 ecdysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The final stage of moulting. Shedding of what remains of the old cuticle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000329 training of field staff http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_Process process As part of the malaria eradication campaign, the training of field staff that will carry out the measures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000337 vigilance by general health services http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_Process process The coninuoys, post-eradication measures taken to guarantee the absence of autochthonous malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000339 non artemisinin based combination therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000274 malaria combination therapy A combination therapy using non artemisinin-based drugs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000341 factor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance, often an enzyme, that plays a crucial role in a biological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000343 biotic object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Object object A living object. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000350 refractoriness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Disposition disposition The lack of ability of a mosquito to transmit Plasmodium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000356 infectivity period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInterval temporal interval The time period during which a patient can be infectious. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000361 Malaria Plasmodium falciparum Rapid test Device (Whole blood) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from ACON Laboratories, Inc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000363 dormancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000103 condition of malaria parasite Dormancy is a state in an organism's life cycle when growth, development, and (in animals) physical activity is temporarily suspended. Specifically, the stages of Plasmodium called hypnozoites, which lead to the relapse of malaria caused by P. ovale or P. vivax. In a wider sense it also includes the cases in which Plasmodium parasites cause recridescence of malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000365 AZOG Malaria pf (HRP-II) /pv (pLDH) Antigen Detection Test Device http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from AZOG, Inc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000367 horizontal malaria transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000082 malaria transmission Malaria transmission occurring from one individual to another in the same generation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000370 toll like receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000373 receptor Toll like receptors recognize structurally conserved molecules derived from microbes, and play a key role in the innate immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000371 Malaria P.F/Vivax http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Diagnostix Automation/Cortez Diagnostics, Inc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000375 immunoglobulin G3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000765 immunoglobulin G It is a monomeric gamma globulin protein consisting of two gamma 3 heavy chains and either two kappa light chains or two lambda light chains, connected by disulfide bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000378 macrophage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000766 myeloid leukocyte A mononuclear phagocyte present in variety of tissues, typically differentiated from monocytes, capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000382 Hexagon Malaria Combi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Human GmbH. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000395 CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043299 leukocyte degranulation The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as perforin and granzymes by a CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000397 granzyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000729 enzyme Serine proteases, released from cytoplasmic granules within natural killer cells and CD8-positive cytotoxic T cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000406 malaria parasite organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000645 parasite organism An individual member of a malaria parasite species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000417 vehicle borne malaria transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000414 indirect malaria transmission Vehicle-borne malaria transmission is an indirect malaria transmission process during which the malaria pathogen is indirectly transferred from a reservoir, source or host to another host by inanimate intermediary vehicle objects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000418 vehicle borne medical malaria transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000417 vehicle borne malaria transmission Vehicle-borne medical malaria transmission is an indirect vehicle-borne malaria transmission process during which the malaria pathogen is indirectly transferred from a reservoir, source or host to another host by biological products including: blood, serum, plasma, tissue, or organs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000423 abiotic object aggregate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_ObjectAggregate object aggregate A independent continuant entity that is a mereological sum of separate abiotic objects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000431 abundance of arthropods per host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000430 measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates Measure relating to aggregate of arthropods on-host, which is calculated as the total number of arthropods divided by the total number of hosts examined. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000433 relative amplification/reservoir host capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000432 amplification/reservoir host capacity Amplification/reservoir host capacity measure which refers to the proportional contribution of a particular amplification/reservoir host species to the natural prevalence of infection with a given pathogen among vectors in a certain area in relation to other examined amplification/reservoir host species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000434 infection incidence rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000430 measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates the infection incidence proportion per unit time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000435 AChE quantitatively changed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000002 quality Increased enzymatic activity due to a mutation that increases production of AChE gene product resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000443 gravid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000383 female A female quality inhering in a individual who is carrying fertilized eggs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000539 Culicinomyces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4751 fungi A fungal genus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000546 immunity to sexual stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000543 acquired immunity to malaria Immunity against parasites that have reached the sexual stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000548 Advantage P.f. Malaria Card http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from J. Mitra & Co. Pvt. LTD. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000552 Giemsa staining http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000551 staining Giemsa stain, named after Gustav Giemsa, an early malariologist, is used for the histopathological diagnosis of malaria and other parasites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000804 host metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001054 process of human host The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which the host transforms chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000809 cellular process of human host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001054 process of human host Any process that is carried out at the cellular level in malaria host, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000812 T-helper 2 cell mediated cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002367 cytokine production during immune response The appearance of cytokines part of the T-helper 2 cell mediated response, due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000878 DEF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound A substance often used as a synergist for insecticides, it is co-formulated with malathion and permethrin. The coformulation counteracts metabolic resistance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000883 SV1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000672 chemical compound A chemical substance that acts as an insecticide synergist. It is an inhibitor of microsomal oxidases and carboxylesterase in insects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000918 introduction of larvivorous fish http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000902 introduction of predators of mosquito vectors A method of mosquito control based on the introduction into the environment of larvivorous fish. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001016 recrudescence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria The recurrence of symptoms of P. falciparum malaria some days or weeks after a temporary abatement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001026 bednet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001024 screening material Netting hung over a bed to keep out mosquitos and other insects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001062 malaria host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000408 host The host of (a) malaria parasite(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001068 host protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001067 protein A protein that is produced by a host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001070 vector protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001067 protein A protein that is naturally found in disease vectors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001071 P25 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A surface protein expressed in the of the ookinete which interacts with calreticulin on the midgut apical surface of the malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001076 PbCHT1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A protein with the ability to hydrolyze chitin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001080 MAOP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A micronemal protein with a membrane attack complex and perforin-related domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001082 PbSub2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A secreted protein expressed in ookinete stage forming protein aggregates that are often associated with the actin cytoskeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001084 SIAP-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein A protein expressed in oocyst - derived and salivary gland associated sporozoites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002453 growth of the alimentary canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040007 growth During the larval stage the alimentary canal grows by increase in cell size and with the formation polytene and endopolyploid nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002459 anatomical group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000003 anatomical structure Anatomical structure consisting of at least two non-overlapping organs, multi-tissue aggregates or portion of tissues or cells of different types that does not constitute an organism, organ, multi-tissue aggregate, or portion of tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002460 anatomical system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002459 anatomical group Anatomical group that is has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000007 cytochrome b Y268S substitution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000005 cytochrome b mutated protein The altered protein product of cytochrome b containing a substitution of tyrosine with serine at position 268. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000008 PfCRT mutated protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein The altered protein product of the PfCRT gene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000010 PfDHPS mutated protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein The altered protein product of the PfDHPS gene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000011 PfMDR1 mutated protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein The altered protein product of the PfMDR1 gene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000013 PfDHFR C59R substitution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000009 PfDHFR mutated protein The altered protein product of the PfDHFR containing a substitution of cysteine with arginine at position 59. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000019 PfDHPS A613S substitution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000010 PfDHPS mutated protein The altered protein product of PfDHPS containing a substitution of alanine to serine at position 613. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000023 PfDHPS S436F substitution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000010 PfDHPS mutated protein The altered protein product of PfDHPS containing a substitution of serine with phenylalanine at position 436. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000024 PfMDR1 N86Y substitution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000011 PfMDR1 mutated protein The altered protein product of PfMDR1 containing a substitution of asparagine with tyrosine at position 86. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000030 resistance to multiple antimalarial drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000445 resistance to drug A resistance to more than two operational antimalarial compounds belonging to different chemical classes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000033 cross-resistance to multiple drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000030 resistance to multiple antimalarial drugs The ability to resist several antimalarial drugs due to the common or shared aspects of their mode of action or their resistance mechanism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000034 simultaneous resistance to multiple drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000030 resistance to multiple antimalarial drugs The ability to resist several antimalarials that are used simultaneously. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000038 artemisinin resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000031 resistance to single antimalarial drug Resistance to artemisinin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000041 pyrimethamine resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000039 antifolate resistance A resistance to pyrimethamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000042 chloroquine resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000031 resistance to single antimalarial drug A resistance to chloroquine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000044 mefloquine resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000031 resistance to single antimalarial drug A resistance to mefloquine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000046 quinine resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000031 resistance to single antimalarial drug A resistance to quinine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000048 tolerance to antimalarial drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000347 quality of pathogen A reduction in the sensitivity to a drug following its repeated administration, in which increased doses are required to produce the same magnitude of effect previously produced by a smaller dose. This increase in dose may be necessitated by changes in the metabolism of the drug, or a cellular, physiological or behavioral adaptation to the effects of the drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000002 whole plant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000001 plant structure A plant structure which is a whole organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000004 bark http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000003 portion of plant tissue All tissues outside the vascular cambium or the xylem; in older trees may be divided into dead outer bark and living inner bark, which consists of secondary phloem. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000006 Rubiaceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000005 plant The Rubiaceae is a family of flowering plants http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000008 Cinchona ledgeriana http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000007 Chinchona A member of the Cinchona family growing in Bolivia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000010 Cinchona officinalis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000007 Chinchona A member of the Cinchona family growing in Ecuador and Peru. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000011 Cinchona bark http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000004 bark The bark of the Cinchona plant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000016 alcaloid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000426 antiparasitic chemical compound Any of basic nitrogen compounds (mostly heterocyclic) occurring mostly in the plant kingdom (but not excluding those of animal origin). Amino acids, peptides, proteins, nucleotides, nucleic acids, amino sugars and antibiotics are not normally regarded as alkaloids. By extension, certain neutral compounds biogenetically related to basic alkaloids are included. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000019 3-hydroxyquinine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000018 cinchona alkaloid A cinchona alkaloid that has formula C20H24N2O3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000021 cinchonidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000018 cinchona alkaloid 8-epi-Cinchonan in which a hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by hydroxy (R configuration). A diasteroisomer of cinchonine, it occurs in the bark of most varieties of Cinchona shrubs, and is frequently used for directing chirality in asymmetric synthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000032 maceration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_Process process The softening or separation into constituent elements of a tissue by soaking in liquid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000035 Cinchona pubescens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000007 Chinchona A member of the Cinchona family growing in Ecuador. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000037 Artemisia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000036 Asteraceae Artemisia is a large, diverse genus of plants with between 200 to 400 species belonging to the daisy family Asteraceae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000039 Artemisia lancea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000037 Artemisia A member of the artemisia family. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000041 Meliaceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000005 plant The Meliaceae, or the Mahogany family, is a flowering plant family of mostly trees and shrubs (and a few herbaceous plants, mangroves) in the order Sapindales. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000042 Azadirachta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000041 Meliaceae Agenus in the family Meliaceae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000045 Xanthium strumarium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000044 Heliantheae A species in the genus Heliantheae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000046 Hydrangeaceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000005 plant Hydrangeaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order Cornales, with a wide distribution in Asia and North America, and locally in southeastern Europe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000049 Plantaginaceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000005 plant Plantaginaceae Juss. or plantain family, are a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000051 Picrorhiza kurrooa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000050 Picrorhiza Is a species in the tribe Picrorhiza. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000052 Apocynaceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000005 plant The Apocynaceae or dogbane family is a family of flowering plants that includes trees, shrubs, herbs, and lianas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000056 Swertia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000055 Gentianaceae Swertia is a genus in the gentian family containing plants sometimes referred to as the felworts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000066 Lippia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000065 Verbenaceae A genus in the family Verbenaceae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000069 Cryptolepis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000052 Apocynaceae Crytolepis is a plant genus in the family Apocynaceae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000063 Anopheles costai http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000064 Anopheles coustani http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000065 Anopheles crawfordi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001279 annual fish http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001278 larvivorous fish Annual fishes are species that belong to the family Cyprinodontidae and which complete their life cycles within a year, their eggs requiring a dry period to develop fully. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001300 cleavage by peptidases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002153 vector metabolic process The large peptides are progressively shortened by peptidases (more specifically called exopeptidases). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002000 mating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process The sequence of events that begins with the response of one individual to another of opposite sex and ends with insemination and parting. Mating often is proceded by swarming or other forms of epigamic behaviour. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002003 flight orientation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The nervous arcs through which co-ordination is effected lie in the thoracic ganglia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002008 probing phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002310 adult female feeding behaviour The phase of the blood feeding from first penetration of the skin to the first appearance of blood in the fascicle and cessation of palpal vibrations. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002011 mixed meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000741 blood meal A meal acquired from two or more hosts, which may have been of the same species (single-species mixed meal) or different species (multi-species mixed meal). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002234 minimum resolvable angle of an eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002232 quality of optical resolution For an eye for a grating (not for a point) is twice the interommatidial angle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002238 rhabdom acceptance angle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002233 quality of optical sensitivity The rhabdoms of most insects are cylindrical in form and act as light guides, i.e. they trap and retain light by total internal reflection. The cone of light that such a cylinder can trap is narrow. The acceptance angle of the cylinder is limited by the critical angle for total internal reflection, and therefore is governed by the differenece of refractive index between the receptor itself and the surrounding cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002246 inverse orthokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042467 orthokinesis When the movement decreases with stimulus strength. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002248 autogeny http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector Egg production in the absence of all adult feeding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002253 polyandry http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007320 insemination The condition in which a female is inseminated by more than one male. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002255 flight response during mating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002254 senses and flight response during mating The males of species that mate in flight fly towards a conspecific female when stimulated by her flight tone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002258 response to visual stimulus during mating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002254 senses and flight response during mating Behavioural reactions and patterns caused by visual stimuli during mating. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002261 ceiling swarm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002260 swarm quality It occurs at a considerable height above the ground and extend over a large area like a ceiling. It develops only when there are extremely large numbers of males participanting. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002262 free swarm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002260 swarm quality Occurs in areas of open ground and form over swarm markers. Free swarms reappear, day after day, over position that have no characteristics discernible to human eyes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002265 top swarm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002260 swarm quality Forms over prominent vertical ojects, such a tree tops, chimneys or church steeples. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002266 response to sex pheromone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical stimulus A pheromone is any chemical or set of chemicals produced by a living organism that transmits a message to other members of the same species. Sex pheromones indicate the availability of the female for breeding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002271 flight patterns in swarms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process The lower level of station-keeping swarms reflects the pattern of the individual members. A swarming mosquito flies in a particula pattern an often, for a number of seconds or longer, remains within a small space as thought it were confined in a box. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002279 maturation gate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002275 developmental gates Oocytes that have reached stage V and are ready for ovulation are often described as mature, yet their chromosomes are still in the metaphase of the first meiotic division. Meiosis is resumed only after the oocytes have been penetrated by sperm at oviposition. Thus the oocytes are held in a state of nuclear stasis from the time they are ready for ovulation until syngamy stimulates completion of the maturation divisions. The maturation resting stage normally lasts only a few hours, until the appropriate activity rhythm leads to ovulation and oviposition. However, if females are unable to oviposit, the stage V oocytes can remain viable within ovaries for 15days or even more. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002281 stage I gate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002275 developmental gates After follicles have separated from the germaria they grow slightly but may soon enter a state of arrest. Follicles in the stage I resting are about 40-50 micrometers long, their epithelia consist of relatively few cells, and their oocytes are visibly distinct but do not contain lipid or others droplets in the ooplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002283 stage G http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002276 ovarian developmental stages according Christophers The follicle has partly separated from the germarium but the oocyte is not entirely surrounded by epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002284 response to oviposition-arrestant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002309 response to chemical cue during pre-oviposition stage and oviposition Arrestants are substances that induces gravid females to remain in their presence through their own undirected kinetic responses, either by stopping their locomotion or changing their rate of turning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002286 stage Ib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002276 ovarian developmental stages according Christophers The oocyte is distinguishable from the nurse cells by its smaller nucleus and prominent nucleolus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002292 stage IVb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002276 ovarian developmental stages according Christophers The follicle assumes the shape of the mature oocyte, or almost so, but has not reached full length. The nurse cells have degenerated and at first stain bright crimson with neutral red; later in this stage they disappear. Chorionic structures start to appear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002295 presence of juvenile hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002112 physiological process of malaria vector The juvenile hormone in females of Aedes aegypti increases markedly between 24 and 72h after emergence. Circumstancial evidence associating JH with onset of responsiveness to host cues was obtained with diapausing mosquitoes. Application of large doses of the JH analogue methoprene to diapausing females of Anopheles freeborni and Culex tarsalis hastened their diapause development, including responsiveness to vertebrate hosts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002298 response to oviposition-deterrent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002309 response to chemical cue during pre-oviposition stage and oviposition When present, the deterrents (non-volatile substances) inhibit oviposition . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002299 response to predator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002300 response to oviposition-repellent The weight of evidence suggests that gravid females respond negatively to chemical substances emanating from certain predators, but proof of this requires that these substances be isolated, identified and tested as repellents or deterents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002300 response to oviposition-repellent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002309 response to chemical cue during pre-oviposition stage and oviposition Gravid females make oriented movements away from its source of any oviposition repellent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002302 adult response of olfactory sensilla while feeding on plant sugar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002136 response of olfactory sensilla There is some evidence of mosquitoes responding to plant odours in the field. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002309 response to chemical cue during pre-oviposition stage and oviposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002136 response of olfactory sensilla Behavioural responses of the female to chemical stimuli during the stages of pre-oviposition and oviposition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002330 response to shade of water surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002326 response to optical cue during pre-oviposition stage and oviposition The importance of shade for some species has been demonstrated by its removal. The effect of shade on gravid females is not necessarily direct; for example , it might affect the water temperature of a larval habitat or its chemical composition as a result of leaf fall. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002331 response to physical obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002327 response to other visual and physical parameters during pre-oviposition stage and oviposition Dense vegetation is the main physical obstruction. The females of some species must pass through dense vegetation to approach their oviposition sites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002332 composition of reserves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002321 synthesis of reserves The extent of the carbohydrate and lipid reserves and of the protein content of mosquitoes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002361 process of ovulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process Ovulation is defined as the extrusion of mature oocytes from the ovarian follicles into the calyces and oviducts. Ovulated oocytes enter the vagina, from which they are extruded through the gonotreme at oviposition. Sperm penetrate an oocyte while it is within the vagina. Very soon after oviposition the oocyte chromosomes complete meiosis, and at that stage the oocyte is considered to have transformed into an egg. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002364 metamorphosis of the muscles of the thorax and abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002363 metamorphosis of the muscular system The muscles of the thorax and abdomen are carried over to the adult but the main part of the adult thoracic musculature is new, including the muscles of the appendages, largely formed within the imaginal buds, and the indirect flight muscles. The larval abdominal muscles degenerate early in adult life, having been used for swimming by the pupa and pharate adult. Movements of the adult abdomen are due to small adult muscles which develop from myoblasts in the pupa. Histolysis of the musculature, as of other organs, takes place entirely by autolysis and without the intervention of phagocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002368 photokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002181 larval kinesis It has been observed in Anopheles maculipennis and Anopheles messeae larvae in the laboratory. If exposed to bright light, fourth instar larvae moved about incessantly at the water surface and dived frequently. When by chance they entered a shaded part of the container they became inactive; as a result, almost all larvae congregated in the shade. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002375 phototaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002180 taxis Tactic responses to light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002426 acellular encapsulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002450 melanotic encapsulation Capsules take the form of a sheath of melanin deposited on the surface of foreign objects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002447 activation of phenol oxidase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002153 vector metabolic process After pathogen recognition proteolytic processing of pro-phenoloxidase activating enzyme (proPPAE) generates actve PPAE, which in turn cleaves pro-phenoloxidase (proPO) to active phenol oxidase. Phenol oxidase catalyzes the conversion of tyrosine to dopa, which is converted to dopamine by dopa decarboxylase (DDC). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002451 capsule formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002450 melanotic encapsulation It occurs in its simplest form when a large foreign object becomes covered by certain types of hemocytes, which eventually form flattened layers completely enclosing the object. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000087 structural change of product in GSTd gene family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000086 qualitatively changed GST Structural changes in GSTd gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000090 structural change of product in GSTt gene family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000086 qualitatively changed GST Structural changes in GSTt gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000091 structural change of product in GSTu gene family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000086 qualitatively changed GST Structural changes in GSTu gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000101 structural change of product in CYP3 gene family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000099 qualitatively changed P450 Structural changes in CYP3 P450 gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000102 structural change of product in CYP4 gene family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000099 qualitatively changed P450 Structural changes in CYP4 P450 gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000113 Anopheles intermedius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000114 Anopheles inundatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000116 Anopheles junlianensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000117 Anopheles kiangsuensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000146 Anopheles guatemalensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000164 Anopheles nigritarsis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002280 Anopheles filipinae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002281 Anopheles flavicosta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002282 Anopheles flavirostris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Malaysian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003400 Anopheles interruptus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003538 Anopheles moghulensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003539 Anopheles mortiauxi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003555 Anopheles notleyi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003556 Anopheles novaguinensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003596 Anopheles smithii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003598 Anopheles somalicus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003601 Anopheles stephensi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a minor Indo-Iranian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003602 Anopheles stookesi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003603 Anopheles subpictus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Malaysian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003604 Anopheles sulawesi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003612 Anopheles kalawara http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003636 Anopheles gonzalezrinconesi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_68877 Kerteszia A species of subgenus Kerteszia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003637 Anopheles homunculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_68877 Kerteszia A species of subgenus Kerteszia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003639 Anopheles lepidotus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_68877 Kerteszia A species of subgenus Kerteszia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003640 Anopheles neivai http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_68877 Kerteszia A species of subgenus Kerteszia, which acts as a minor South American malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003420 Anopheles pilinotum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003592 Anopheles seretsei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003534 Anopheles merus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003480 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato A member species of the species complex Anopheles gambiae sensu lato, which acts as a minor Afrotropical malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000071 Loganiaceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000005 plant Loganiaceae are a family of flowering plants classified in order Gentianales. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000006 reduced penetration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000077 cuticle permeability related resistance Modification(s) in the insect cuticle preventing or slowing the absorption or penetration of insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003594 Anopheles macmahoni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003527 Anopheles majidi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000916 introduction of Romanomermis culicivorax http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000902 introduction of predators of mosquito vectors A method of mosquito control based on the introduction into the environment of a nematode that parasitizes mosquito larvae. . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000059 Caesalpinia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000058 Fabaceae Caesalpinia is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000438 parous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000383 female A female quality inhering in a individual who has given birth one or more times. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003756 Anopheles eouzani http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002244 inverse klinokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042468 klinokinesis When the turning decreases with stimulus strength. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001143 MSP-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001069 Plasmodium parasite protein Two Plasmodium falciparum merozoite proteins binding to erythrocyte band 3 form a direct complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002235 acuity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002232 quality of optical resolution Is the highest spatial frequency that an eye can resolve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000055 Anopheles changfus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000017 quinoline alkaloid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000016 alcaloid An alkaloid belonging to the quinolines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000302 zygote stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000301 invertebrate host stage The stage produced through the fusion of male and female gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000604 human http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001220 ape A human is a member of a species of bipedal primates in the family Hominidae (taxonomically Homo sapiens). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001041 zoophily http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001013 quality of vector The preference for feeding on animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002226 11-cis configuration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002225 responses of the visual pigments and the chromophores When the chromophore is in the 11-cis configuration, the principal absorption peak of different visual pigments may appear anywhere in the spectrum between ultraviolet and yellow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000104 structural change of product in CYP9 gene family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000099 qualitatively changed P450 Structural changes in CYP9 P450 gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000106 structural change of product in CYP15 gene family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000099 qualitatively changed P450 Structural changes in CYP15 P450 gene products resulting in more efficient insecticide detoxification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000111 differential CYP6 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000100 P450 quantitatively changed Modified enzymatic activity due to a mutation that modifies production of CYP6 P450 gene products. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000113 modified sodium channel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000004 mutated protein Structural changes of the insecticide target sodium channel gene product, which decreases its response to the insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000108 chlorphoxim http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000176 chloride channel activator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which activates chloride channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000211 chlorthion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25708 organophosphate A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000213 insect midgut membranes disruptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which disrupts insect midgut membranes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000274 mitochondrial complex I electron transport inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A chemical substance which inhibits mitochondrial complex I electron transport chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000078 Anopheles donaldi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles, which acts as a minor Malaysian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000080 Anopheles eiseni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000096 Anopheles formosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000104 Anopheles grabhamii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000105 Anopheles guarao http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002273 Anopheles erepens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003487 Anopheles hackeri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003489 Anopheles hancocki http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003494 Anopheles hughi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003497 Anopheles introlatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003499 Anopheles jebudensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003506 Anopheles koliensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Australasian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003516 Anopheles longipalpis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003517 Anopheles longirostris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003644 Anopheles gilesi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003643 Lophopodomyia A species of subgenus Lophopodomyia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003648 Anopheles squamifemur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003643 Lophopodomyia A species of subgenus Lophopodomyia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003705 Anopheles nimpe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7164 Anopheles A species of subgenus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003829 Anopheles gambiae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003480 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato A member species of the species complex Anopheles gambiae sensu lato. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001060 process of malaria vector population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process A process relating to a population of malaria vectors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003504 Anopheles kochi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003505 Anopheles kolambuganensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003510 Anopheles letabensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003513 Anopheles listeri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003519 Anopheles lovettae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003525 Anopheles maculatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia, which acts as a major Malaysian malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003526 Anopheles maculipalpis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003530 Anopheles marshallii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003533 Anopheles meraukensis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40002217 Cellia A species of subgenus Cellia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_00304321 defaecation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002151 adult excretion The expulsion of feces from the rectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000083 2Rbcu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000068 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome 2R A chromosome 2 found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries the inversions b, c and u in its right arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000474 ADVANCED QUALITY One Step Malaria (p.f.) Test (whole blood) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from IntecProducts, Inc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000624 Malaria Rapid Dual http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Vision Biotech (Pty) Ltd. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000030 +/cu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000038 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato 2R kayotype A karyotype having a c and u inverted 2R chromosome over wild type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000101 moulting disruptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000169 active insecticidal substance A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003751 Anopheles halophylus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000151 Anopheles albitarsis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_44543 Nyssorhynchus A species of subgenus Nyssorhynchus, which acts as a minor Central & South American malaria vector. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002022 activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process Activation is the first response to host cues; it is the initial response in a sequence of behaviours that ends with arrival at the host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000198 Bironella papuae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000195 Neobironella A species of subgenus Neobironella. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000003 metabolic resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000021 resistance to single insecticide Class of insecticide resistance that relies on the biochemical transformation of the insecticide, ultimately reducing its capacity to interact with a target molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000216 immunological method http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000049 diagnostic procedure of malaria A diagnostic method based on the use of antibodies, either purified or as an immune serum, that aims at detecting, directly or indirectly, Plasmodium-specific antigens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000219 pLDH detection method http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000218 malarial antigen detection Anyk method using an antibody to detect the presence, in the blood, of the pLDH antigen, present throughout the erythrocytic cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000450 7 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Seven hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000455 12 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Twelve hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000736 12 days after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Twelve days after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000734 10 days after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Ten days after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002366 kinetic response to food and dissolved nutrient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002370 kinetic response to an attractant Mosquito larvae accumulate in regions where there is food because they make an orthokinetic response to soluble contituents diffusing from the food. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000586 holoendemicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000571 malaria endemicity Holoendemicity denotes a perennial transmission of high degree, resulting in a considerable degree of immune response to all age groups, but particularly in the adults. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000120 AChE1 G119S http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000114 modified AChE Resistance-associated point mutation of amino acid at position 119 in the insecticide target acetylcholinesterase 1 gene product; this structural change leads to decreased response to the insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002066 response to toxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical stimulus A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxin stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000632 Parabank Rapid Test for Malaria Pan (Device) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Zephyr Biomedicals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000206 growth inhibitor sensu acarea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_10000030 growth inhibitor A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002289 stage IIIa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002276 ovarian developmental stages according Christophers The ooplasm is clouded with inclusions distinctly. At first the inclusions are small. Subsequently, large yolks spheres appear which stain yellowish-brown with neutral red. These yolk spheres are of smilar diameter to the epithelial cell nucleoli, and are about 0,2 to 0,3 times the diameter of the oocytes' nucleolus. The oocyte's nucleus progressively occupies up to 50% of the length of the follicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000316 female blood gametocyte stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000299 blood gametocyte stage A blood stage gametocyte that will later develop into a female gamete. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000050 Picrorhiza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000049 Plantaginaceae Is a tribe in the family Plantaginaceae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000002 quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_SpecificallyDependentContinuant specifically dependent continuant A dependent continuant that is exhibited if it inheres in an entity or entities at all (a categorical property). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000057 Swertia chirayta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000056 Swertia A species in the genus Swertia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000067 Lippia chevalieri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000066 Lippia A species in the genus Lippia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000322 hepatic schizont stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000303 exo-erythrocytic stage A schizont produced in the liver of the vertebrate host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000001 Rdl A296S http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000115 modified GABA receptor Resistance-associated point mutation of amino acid at position 296 in the insecticide target GABA receptor gene product causing a structural change and decreased response to the insecticide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000345 CareStart Malaria HRP2 (Pf) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Access Bio, Inc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000127 AChE mediated resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_00000004 target-site resistance Resistance due to mutation leading to structural or quantitative changes of the insecticide target acetylcholinesterase gene product. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000415 congenital malaria transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000413 direct malaria transmission Placental transmission is a congenital transmission process during which the malaria pathogen is transmitted directly from mother to child across the placental barrier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40003643 Lophopodomyia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_40000015 genus Anopheles A subgenus of genus Anopheles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002007 exploratory phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002310 adult female feeding behaviour The first phase of the blood feeding; from time of alighting on the host to the time the stylets start to penetrate the skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000036 sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000034 simultaneous resistance to multiple drugs Resistance to the simultaneously used drugs sulphadoxine and pyrimethamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000078 2Rjcu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000068 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome 2R A chromosome 2 found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries the inversions j, c and u in its right arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000631 Malascan Rapid Test for Malaria Pf/Pan (Device) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Zephyr Biomedicals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process A process relating to a malaria pathogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000081 2Rjb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MIRO_30000068 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato inverted nuclear chromosome 2R A chromosome 2 found in the nucleus of the cells of the organisms which belong to Anopheles gambiae species complex which carries both the inversions j and b in its right arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000461 18 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Eighteen hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002137 behavioural process Any behavioral process during the adult stage of a vector organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000466 23 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Twenty three hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000593 blood examination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000590 investigation relating to the human host An examination of the blood comprised of several, different diagnostic procedures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001011 blood transfusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001283 general therapeutic procedure The process of transferring blood or blood-based products from one person into the circulatory system of another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000116 prostration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Total exhaustion or weakness, often including collapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000458 nausea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Nausea is the sensation of unease and discomfort in the stomach with an urge to vomit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000504 headache http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom In medicine a headache is a symptom of a number of different conditions of the head and sometimes neck. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000530 palpitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom A palpitation is an abnormal awareness of the beating of the heart, whether it is too slow, too fast, irregular, or at its normal frequency. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000613 fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Fever is a frequent medical sign that describes an increase in internal body temperature to levels above normal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000886 hyperpyrexia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Exceptionally high fever. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0019145 vomiting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Vomiting (known medically as emesis and informally as throwing up and a number of other terms) is the forceful expulsion of the contents of one's stomach through the mouth and sometimes the nose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0019177 fatigue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom Physical fatigue is the inability to continue functioning at the level of one's normal abilities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VO_0000580 vaccine adjuvant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role A vaccine component that is chemical substance added to vaccine and enhance and direct immune response to protective antigen. Many of vaccine adjuvants cause a range of serious side-effects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002004 adult feeding behaviour http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process Two modes of feeding have been distinguished in male mosquitoes and one additional mode in females: water ingestion, nectar feeding and, for females only, blood feeding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000357 CareStart Malaria pLDH (PAN) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from Access Bio, Inc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000488 febrile paroxysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001054 process of human host The characteristic, clinical feature of recurrent fever attacks in malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000504 low volume pulse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom The pulse occurring when the stroke volume of the heart or when the pulse pressure decreases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000636 ADVANCED QUALITY MALARIA (p.f) POCT http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000340 malaria rapid diagnostic test product A commercial RDT from IntecProducts, Inc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002084 migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process Is a persistent and straightened-out movement effected by the animal's own locomotory exertions or by its active embarkation on a vehicle such as wind. Migration depends on some temporary inhibiotion of station-keeping responses, but promotes their eventual disinhibition and recurrence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000549 immunoglobulin E production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002381 immunoglobulin production during immune response The appearance of immunoglobulin E due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000026 quinine(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000616 quinoline methanol The monoprotonated form of quinine, the predominant species at pH7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000021 malaria vaccination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001040 vaccination The administration of antigenic material from malaria pathogen to produce immunity to malaria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001275 fish http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7742 Vertebrata A fish is any aquatic vertebrate animal that is typically ectothermic (or cold-blooded), covered with scales, and equipped with two sets of paired fins and several unpaired fins. Fish are abundant in the sea and in fresh water, with species being known from mountain streams (e.g. char and gudgeon) as well as in the deepest depths of the ocean (e.g., gulpers and anglerfish). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002393 behaviour of crepuscular and nocturnal species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002141 adult behavioural process Among species that show crepuscular/nocturnal activity, some are most active for brief periods at dusk or at dusk and dawn. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001154 saglin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001070 vector protein A secreted protein expressed in the salivary glands of Anopheles gambiae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000628 pyronaridine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000626 benzonaphthyridine A compound used as an antimalarial drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002056 b-oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002153 vector metabolic process The energy contained within fatty acid molecules is made available by b-oxidation of the fatty acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000328 geographical reconnaissance of the area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000959 process of malaria As part of the malaria eradication campaign, geographical reconnaissance of the area to be attacked. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000476 hypnozoites formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001058 process of malaria pathogen The process of formation of a hypnozoite in the liver of the vertebrate host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002425 encapsulation response to protozoan parasite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035006 melanization defense response The occurence of melanized ookinetes, oocysts and sporozoites within the salivary glands. Also ookinetes are encapsulated betweent he basal lamina of the midgut and the midgut epithelial cells and are not directly in the hemocoel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000446 3 hours after blood meal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/span_TemporalInstant temporal instant Three hours after blood meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000044 Heliantheae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000036 Asteraceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000000 geographic feature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000427 site http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_50000004 mutated protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001067 protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000411 entomological inoculation rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000109 measurement datum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_6000075 insect repellent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/snap_Role role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000002 anthropogenic feature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000000 geographic feature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000063 water body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000000 geographic feature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000121 artificial channel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000395 channel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002041 ground water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002006 water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002042 surface water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002006 water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002010 saline water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002006 water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002011 fresh water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002006 water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002186 contaminated water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002006 water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00003065 distilled water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002006 water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00005791 sterile water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002006 water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00005792 underground water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002006 water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00005793 muddy water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002006 water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002137 brackish estuary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000045 estuary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00003096 tap water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00002011 fresh water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38559 cytochrome P450 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001070 vector protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000018 fiat process part of malaria host The fiat process part occuring in a malaria host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000568 temperature Degree of hotness or coldness measured on a definite scale. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000570 wind A natural movement of air of any velocity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001180 brackish water Brackish water is water that has more salinity than fresh water, but not as much as seawater. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001182 stagnant stream bed A water pool in stream that has either permanently or temporally lost its water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002154 chemical transformation Changes in chemical composition of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002157 protein metabolism Proteins provide the chief structural elements of the muscles, glands and other tissues. A certain amount of protein is stored in the fat body and much is deaminated or converted into carbohydrate or fat and used for energy production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000089 engulfment by nonphagocyte The engulfment of a foreign body or cell by a cell other than a phagocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000090 engulfment by phagocyte The engulfment of a foreign body or cell by a phagocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001183 water-filled cattle hoof print A depression made by an animal hoof while the soil was wet and later dried and filled with rain water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001200 stream bed running over gravel Fresh water running in a small stream over gravel or similar material. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001204 stream in plantation Fresh water running in a small natural stream in a plantation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001214 seepage from higher contours An area in which water flows through pores and accumulates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001242 clinical feature Any condition of the human malaria host that is often the result of a disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001294 vectorial capacity In vector-borne infections such as malaria, the vectorial capacity is a concept analogous to the contact rate in directly-transmitted diseases. It is, thus, a function of (a) the vector's density in relation to its vertebrate host, (b) the frequency with which it takes blood meals on the host species, (c) the duration of the latent period in the vector, and (d) the vector's life expectancy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002002 fiat process part of malaria vector The fiat process part occuring in a malaria host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002338 termination of responsiveness The responsiveness of females of Aedes aegypti to oviposition-site cues ceases after egg laying. Oviposition from the connected ovary was permitted in certain females, and responsiveness of all females to attractants was assessed. Oviposition from a sigle intact ovary was sufficient to terminate responsiveness to attractants, even when the abdomen contained a mature isolated ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000569 humidity A moderate degree of wetness especially of the atmosphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002156 carbohydrate metabolism Sugar in the blood and tissues is probably the most readily available source of energy. Carbonhydrate is stored mainly in the fat body, in the form of glycogen. Other carbonhydrates are chitin of the cuticle and the mucopolysaccharides of the connective tissues and basement membranes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000070 initiation of infection The beginning of malaria through the introduction of Plasmodium into the body of an individual. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000071 disruption of body surface The disruption of the body surface in malaria transmission, either through a mosquito bite or in a case of iatrogenic transmission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000085 engulfment The enclosure of a foreign body or cell by a cellular component of the immune system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001184 pool in car track A rain water-filled track of a tyre left in mud and later dried. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000563 quality of the environment A quality which refers to the environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000587 malaria survey Evaluation of the amount and condition of transmission of the disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001181 pool in a field A transient accumulation of rain water in a depression on a field. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001177 transient fresh water collection Smaller rain-filled depressions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001198 artificial discarded container Any kind of artificial container that has been discarded in the environment by man, such as a tin, a bottle or a used tyre. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002223 fiat process part A processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] that is part of a process but that does not have bona fide beginnings and endings corresponding to real discontinuities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002319 egg laying This term is used here in a broad sense, to include all the behavioural and physiological processes of a gravid female that lead up to and terminate in the deposition of eggs in an appropriate biotope. Egg-laying activity is cyclic, occurring in one or two peaks during the diel, and its timing is regulated by an endogenous, circadian rhythm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002391 onset of activity in crepuscular species For species that become active around sunset, it is possible that the time at which acticity starts is governed by (i) zenith light intensity; (ii) the angle of the sun; (iii) time in relation to sunset. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000419 relative humidity Relative humidity is the ratio of the partial pressure of water vapor in the air-water mixture to the saturated vapor pressure of water at the prescribed temperature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001176 permanent or semi-permanent standing fresh water A larger collection of non-salty water, natural (e.g. lake) or artificial (e.g. pool). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001197 natural discarded container Any kind of natural container that has been discarded in the environment by man, such as a coconut husk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002155 fat metabolism Fat is the chief form in which energy is stored. It is usually present in greatest amounts in the mature larva before metamorphosis. At ordinary temperatures the fat may be a liquid oil or a crystalline solid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0002437 process_boundary A processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] that is the fiat or bona fide instantaneous temporal process boundary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001178 permanent or semi-permanent running fresh water Non-salty water that flaws naturally (e.g. stream) or artificially (e.g. canal). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001203 stream in forest Fresh water running in a small stream in a forest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000073 Plasmodium adherence to host cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000421 maximum temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000422 average temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000087 membrane invagination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo_Entity entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000074 nonspecific adherence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000075 specific adherence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001066 malaria pathogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000420 minimum temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000482 vacuole creation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TEMP#happens_during happens_during P happens_during s iff start_of(s) <= start_of(p) & end_of(p) <= end_of(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TEMP#has_participant has_participant P has_participant C if and only if: given any process p that instantiates P there is some continuant c, and some time t, such that: c instantiates C at t and c participates in p at t. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TEMP#has_role has_role A relation between a continuant C and a role R. The reciprocal relation of role_of. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TEMP#has_vector has_vector D has_vector V = def for all d and all times t, if d instance_of D at t2, then there exists some v at t1 such that v instance_of V at t1 and d has_vector v at t2 and t1 earlier t2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TEMP#participates_in participates_in C participates_in_some P if and only if: given any process p that instantiates P there is some continuant c, and some time t, such that: c instantiates C at t and c participates in p at t. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TEMP#preceded_by preceded_by P preceded_by P' if and only if: given any process p that instantiates P at a time t, there is some process p' such that p' instantiates P' at time t', and t' is earlier than t. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TEMP#realized_by realized_by Relation between a realizable and a process. Reciprocal relation of realizes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TEMP#part_of part_of For continuants: C part_of C' if and only if: given any c that instantiates C at a time t, there is some c' such that c' instantiates C' at time t, and c *part_of* c' at t. For processes: P part_of P' if and only if: given any p that instantiates P at a time t, there is some p' such that p' instantiates P' at time t, and p *part_of* p' at t. (Here *part_of* is the instance-level part-relation. ). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBO_REL_0000034 realizes Relation between a process and a function, where the unfolding of the process requires the execution of the function. Class level: P realizes F iff: given any p that instantiates P, there exists some f, t such that f instantiates F at t and p *realizes* f. Here, *realizes* is the primitive instance level relation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TEMP#has_part has_part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TEMP#agent_in agent_in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TEMP#bearer_of bearer_of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TEMP#precedes precedes