Term IRI Term label Parent term IRI Parent term label Alternative term Definition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000645 propofol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000106 anesthetic/analgesic This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is propofol, an intravenous anesthetic agent which has a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. Propofol has also been used as an anticonvulsant and antiemetic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000646 Azoxymethane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000089 neoplasm-inducing chemical Azoxymethane (AOM), a gene mutation agent, may be used with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to create cancer models in laboratory animals which can be used to study mechanisms of cancer progression and chemoprevention. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000664 adrenergic receptor agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000135 receptor agonist An agent that selectively binds to and activates adrenergic receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000665 beta-adrenergic agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000664 adrenergic receptor agonist A substance that selectively binds to and activates beta-adrenergic receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000666 bronchodilator agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance that causes an increase in the expansion of a bronchus or bronchial tubes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000667 clenbuterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000666 bronchodilator agent A beta-adrenergic receptor agonist that is 2,6-dichloroaniline in which the hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000668 arterial catheter implantation and controlled hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000360 arterial catheter implantation The insertion of a tubular, flexible surgical instrument into an artery to withdraw a substantial, yet controlled, amount of blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000800 iron oxide nanoparticles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000338 chemical nanoparticle Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a particle with a size between 1 and 100 nanometers composed of iron oxide (Fe3O4). It contains both Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions and is sometimes formulated as FeO ∙ Fe2O3. It exhibits permanent magnetism and is ferrimagnetic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000952 controlled perindopril content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of perindopril consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Perindopril is a nonsulfhydryl prodrug that belongs to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor class of medications. It is rapidly metabolized in the liver to perindoprilat, a potent, competitive inhibitor of ACE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000962 controlled ex vivo heart perfusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000961 controlled ex vivo heart condition This is an experimental condition consisting of perfusion (retrograde or forward) of the isolated heart with some physiological buffer (consisting of controlled solute composition and specific flow rate) through the aorta. In retrograde perfusion the backwards pressure causes the aortic valve to shut, forcing the solution into the coronary vessels, which normally supply the heart tissue with blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001144 chlorpropamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000407 hypoglycemic agent Thhis is any condition in which the main influencing factor is chlorpropamide, an N-sulfonylurea that is a hypoglycaemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001145 cimetidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is cimetidine, an H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits gastric acid secretion, as well as pepsin and gastrin output. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001146 clarithromycin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000532 protein synthesis inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is clarithromycin, a synthetic macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. Clarithromycin is derived from erythromycin and is a protein synthesis inhibitor in bacteria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001147 clofibrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000680 antilipemic agent This is any condition whose main influencing factor is clofibrate, a fibric acid derivative used in the treatment of hyperlipoproteinemia type III and severe hypertriglyceridemia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001148 clopidogrel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001238 ticlopidine This is any condition whose main influencing factor is clopidogrel, a ticlopidine analog and platelet P2Y12 receptor antagonist that inhibits adenosine diphosphate-mediated platelet aggregation. It is used to prevent thromboembolism in patients with arterial occlusive diseases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001149 clozapine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist This is any condition whose main influencing factor is clozapine, a tricylic dibenzodiazepinethat binds several types of central nervous system receptors. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001150 compound Z http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure This is any condition whose main influencing factor is compound Z, a pterin phosphate that is an oxidation product of cPMP (fosdenopterin). It is functionally related to a neopterin. Compound Z is a pharmacologically inactive product of fosdenopterin metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001152 diltiazem http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000269 calcium channel inhibitor This is any condition whose main influencing factor is diltiazem, a benzothiazepine derivative that is a calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator. Diltiazem is used in the hydrochloride form in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001153 diphenhydramine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist This is any condition whose main influencing factor is diphenhydramine, an histamine H1 antagonist used for for hypersensitivity reactions, for pruritus, as a hypnotic, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001154 dipyridamole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000140 vasodilator This is any condition whose main influencing factor is dipyridamole, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole is an inhibitor of platelet aggregation and a vasodilator agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001155 disopyramide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000618 sodium channel inhibitor This is any condition whose main influencing factor is disopyramide, a sodium channel blocker and class I anti-arrhythmic agent with a depressant action on the heart similar to that of guanidine. Disopyramide also possesses some anticholinergic and local anesthetic properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001156 erythromycin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000532 protein synthesis inhibitor This is any condition whose main influencing factor is erythromycin, any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (Streptomyces erythraeus). Erythromycin inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits, thus interfering with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001157 esomeprazole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000523 enzyme inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is esomeprazole, an inhibitor of gastric acid secretion used for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001158 ethambutol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent This is any condition whose main influencing factor is ethambutol, an ethylenediamine derivative that is an antimycobacterial drug, effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001159 felbamate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000950 anticonvulsant This is any condition whose main influencing factor is felbamate, a PEGylated phenylcarbamate derivative that acts as an antagonist of NMDA receptors. Felbamate is used as an anticonvulsant, primarily for the treatment of seizures in severe refractory epilepsy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001160 flucloxacillin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is flucloxacillin, a penicillin anti-bacterial drug used to treat skin infections, external ear infections, infections of leg ulcers, diabetic foot infections, and infection of bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001161 fluoxetine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000561 antidepressant This is any condition whose main influencing factor is fluoxetine, the first highly specific serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001162 flutamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is flutamide ,a monocarboxylic acid amide which has a role as an androgen receptor antagonist and an antineoplastic agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001163 hydroxyzine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist This is any condition whose main influencing factor is hydroxyzine, a histamine H1 receptor antagonist that is an anxiolytic drug, a dermatologic drug, an antipruritic drug and an anticoronaviral agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001164 labetalol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000336 adrenergic antagonist This is any condition whose main influencing factor is labetalol, a salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of beta-adrenergic receptors and alpha-1 adrenergic receptors used to treat high blood pressure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001165 lapatinib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent This is any condition whose main influencing factor is lapatinib, a quinazoline derivative that inhibits epidermal growth factor receptor (Egfr) and erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (Erbb2/Her2) tyrosine kinases. It is used for the treatment of advanced or metastatic breast cancer, where tumors overexpress Erbb2/Her2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001166 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001107 polymer This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, a semisynthetic, inert, viscoelastic polymer used in eye drops, as well as an excipient and controlled-delivery component in oral medicaments, found in a variety of commercial products. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001167 polysorbate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001232 emulsifier This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is any poly(ethylene glycol) derivative composed of PEG-ylated sorbitan [2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol] normally containing a total of 20 oxyethylene groups, with one or more of the terminal hydroxy groups esterified with a fatty acyl group. They are used as emulsifiers and dispersing agents in some pharmaceuticals products and as defoamers and emulsifiers in some foods. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001168 polysorbate 80 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001167 polysorbate This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is polysorbate 80, a polymer composed of PEG-ylated sorbitan, where the total number of poly(ethylene glycol) units is 20 (w + x + y + z = 20) and a single terminal is capped by an oleoyl group. Polysorbate 80 is a nonionic surfactant and emulsifier often used in pharmaceuticals, foods, and cosmetics. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001169 controlled ethanol content deionized water used as vehicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001119 deionized water This is any condition in which the vehicle is made up of deionized water and a specified amount of ethanol, serving as a solvent for some specified chemical. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001171 levofloxacin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent This is any condition whose main influencing factor is levofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is active against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Levofloxacin is an inhibitor of both bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001172 lopinavir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000748 protease inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is lopinavir, an HIV protease inhibitor used in a fixed-dose combination with ritonavir. Lopinavir is also a cytochrome P-450 inhibitor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001173 loracarbef http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is loracarbef, a carbacephem antibiotic used to treat a wide range of infections caused by both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001174 lumiracoxib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000106 anesthetic/analgesic This is any condition whose main influencing factor is lumiracoxib, a highly selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor used for the treatment of osteoarthritis until it was withdrawn from use due to concerns of hepatotoxicity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001175 acetone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is acetone, a methyl ketone that consists of propane bearing an oxo group at C2. Acetone is used as a solvent and an antiseptic. It is one of the ketone bodies produced during ketoacidosis. Acetone is used to make drugs and other chemicals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001176 LY2886721 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000748 protease inhibitor This is any condition whose main influencing factor is LY2886721, an inhibitor of protease beta-secretase 1 (BACE1), which is a key protease controlling the formation of amyloid β (a peptide hypothesized to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001177 megestrol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is megestrol, a 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is a progestational hormone used most commonly as the acetate ester. As the acetate, it is more potent than progesterone both as a progestagen and as an ovulation inhibitor. Megestrol has also been used in the palliative treatment of breast cancer and as an appetite enhancer in cachectic subjects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001178 methimazole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000523 enzyme inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is methimazole, a thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000511 ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance is a chemical compound derived from the linkage of an organic or inorganic acid and an alcohol, phenol, heteroarenol, or enol with the loss of water (H2O) formed from one hydrogen derived from an acidic hydroxy group of the acid and an -OH (hydroxy) group of the alcohol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000512 teratogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000259 disease-inducing chemical Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance with adverse or toxic effects on an embryo or fetus resulting in birth defects, specifically, altered development, growth retardation, functional defect and/or embryo death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000513 dibutyl phthalate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000512 teratogen A condition in which the main influencing factor is dibutyl phthalate (DBP), the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of butan-1-ol. DBP has been used as a plasticizer and as an antiparasitic drug used to treat infestation of parasites on the surface of the body, and is suspected of being an endocrine disruptor and teratogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000514 metoprolol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000396 phenolic/phenol derivative A condition in which the main influencing factor is metoprolol, a selective beta-1 adrenergic receptor blocker used to treat hypertension, angina, acute myocardial infarction, tachycardia, and congestive heart failure, and to prevent migraine headaches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000515 metoprolol tartrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000514 metoprolol A condition in which the main influencing factor is metoprolol tartrate, an immediate-release formulation of metoprolol. Metoprolol is a selective beta-1 adrenergic receptor blocker used to treat hypertension, angina, acute myocardial infarction, tachycardia, and congestive heart failure, and to prevent migraine headaches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000516 metoprolol succinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000514 metoprolol A condition in which the main influencing factor is metoprolol succinate, an extended-release formulation of metoprolol. Metoprolol is a selective beta-1 adrenergic receptor blocker used to treat hypertension, angina, acute myocardial infarction, tachycardia, and congestive heart failure, and to prevent migraine headaches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000517 anti-transforming growth factor beta antibody http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000194 antibody A condition in which the main influencing factor is an immunoglobulin molecule or a preparation of multiple antibody molecules having specific amino acid sequences with the ability to adhere to and interact specifically with any or all of the transforming growth factor beta cytokines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000518 anti-Shiga toxin 1 beta antibody http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000194 antibody A condition in which the main influencing factor is an immunoglobulin molecule or a preparation of multiple antibody molecules having specific amino acid sequences with the ability to adhere to and interact specifically with the beta subunit of Shiga toxin from Shigella dysenteriae 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000519 anti-Shiga toxin 1 beta monoclonal antibody 13C4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000518 anti-Shiga toxin 1 beta antibody A condition in which the main influencing factor is an immunoglobulin molecule having specific amino acid sequences with the ability to adhere to and interact specifically with the beta subunit of Shiga toxin from Shigella dysenteriae 1. This monoclonal antibody has been used as an IgG1 isotype control. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000520 neuromodulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition Any condition in which the main influencing factor is the alteration of nerve activity through targeted delivery of a stimulus, such as electrical stimulation or chemical agents, to specific neurological sites in the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000521 direct electrical nerve stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000520 neuromodulation This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the alteration of nerve activity through targeted delivery of an electrical stimulus directly to a specific nerve or nerves, for example through the use of microelectrodes or an implanted device. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000522 common peroneal nerve direct electrical stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000521 direct electrical nerve stimulation A condition in which the main influencing factor is the alteration of nerve activity through targeted delivery of an electrical stimulus directly to the common peroneal nerve(s), for example through the use of microelectrodes or an implanted device. The common peroneal nerve is one of the terminal divisions of the sciatic nerve, diverging from the tibial nerve at the upper end of the popliteal fossa, then coursing with the biceps tendon along the lateral portion of the popliteal space to wind around the neck of the fibula, where it divides into the superficial and deep peroneal nerves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000523 enzyme inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000120 inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical which decreases or interferes with the activity of an enzyme, a protein that catalyzes chemical reactions of other substances without itself being destroyed or altered upon completion of the reactions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000524 angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000863 antihypertensive agent Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical which decreases or interferes with the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). ACE is an enzyme involved in catalyzing the conversion of angiotensin I into a physiologically active peptide angiotensin II. ACE inhibitors are used in the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction and diabetic nephropathy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000525 benazepril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000524 angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor A condition in which the main influencing factor is benazepril, a benzazepine in which the carboxy group of the 2-amino-4-phenylbutanoic acid moiety of benazeprilat has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester. Removal of the ester by the liver converts the prodrug back to its active form, benazeprilat. Benazepril is an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used in the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction and diabetic nephropathy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000526 swimming with water weights http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000059 physical activity A condition in which the main influencing factor is the action of moving one's appendages to propel oneself through water while carrying weights (for example, aquatic dumbbells, ankle cuffs, or weighted belt) to increase resistance and/or decrease buoyancy thereby increasing the difficulty of the action. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000592 cilazapril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000524 angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor A prodrug that is hydrolyzed to its main metabolite cilazaprilat, an inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000593 puromycin aminonucleoside http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000392 nucleoside/nucleotide The aminonucleoside portion of the antibiotic puromycin. NOTE: This molecule does not induce apoptosis and does not inhibit protein synthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000594 saralasin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000536 angiotensin II receptor antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is saralasin, a competitive angiotensin II receptor antagonist with partial agonistic activity previously used to distinguish renovascular hypertension from essential hypertension. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000596 blood vessel constriction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000595 surgical manipulation of blood vessels This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is surgical narrowing of the lumen of a blood vessel. This lumen narrowing could be accomplished by circumferential suturing, use of a manipulatable sleeve, or some other method. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000597 abdominal aortic constriction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000596 blood vessel constriction This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is surgical narrowing of the lumen of the abdominal aorta. The abdominal aorta consists of the suprarenal abdominal aorta and the infrarenal aorta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000598 thoracic aortic constriction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000596 blood vessel constriction This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is surgical narrowing of the lumen of the thoracic aorta. The thoracic aorta consists of the ascending aorta, the aortic arch, and the descending thoracic aorta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000599 aldosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000229 steroid hormone A pregnane-based steroidal hormone produced by the outer-section (zona glomerulosa) of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland, and acts on the distal tubules and collecting ducts of the kidney to cause the conservation of sodium, secretion of potassium, increased water retention, and increased blood pressure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000757 surfactant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function A substance which lowers the surface tension of the medium in which it is dissolved, and/or the interfacial tension with other phases, and, accordingly, is positively adsorbed at the liquid/vapor and/or at other interfaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000758 retinoic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000468 vitamin A Condition in which the main influencing factor is retinoic acid, a retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified). Retinoic acid is derived from retinol (vitamin A) and plays important roles in cell growth, differentiation, and organogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000802 GSK1016790A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000217 cation channel activator It is a tertiary carboxamide and cell-permeable, potent and selective agonist of the TRPV4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 4) channel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000877 Hespan buffer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000315 buffer solution Any condition in which the main influencing factor is Hespan buffer, 6% hetastarch in buffered solution. A buffer is a homogeneous mixture of molecules, atoms and/or ions, one or more of which have the capacity to cause the solution to resist change in pH upon addition of small amounts of acid or base, dispersed in a sufficient quantity of solvent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000746 housing with Pasteurella pneumotropica-infected subject http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000747 housing with Pasteurellaceae-infected subject A condition in which subjects are maintained in housing groups in which at least one subject had a Pasteurella pneumotropica infection during the time period leading up to the specified housing period. Pasteurella pneumotropica is a strain of Pasteurella, a genus Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000860 anti-rh-VEGF165 monoclonal antibody http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000194 antibody A condition in which the main influencing factor is a monoclonal antibody having specific amino acid sequences with the ability to adhere to and interact specifically with recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor 165. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000847 Hu-S110-129 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000828 human myelin basic protein Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a 20 amino acid polypeptide representing residues 110 to 129 in the human myelin basic protein molecule. Myelin basic protein is a hydrophobic insulator that can be synthesized by the oligodendrocyte and/or Schwann cell as part of the myelin sheath which is wrapped around the axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000707 carvedilol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000336 adrenergic antagonist Carvedilol is a beta-blocker that works by relaxing blood vessels and slowing heart rate to improve blood flow and decrease blood pressure. It is used to treat heart failure, high blood pressure, and heart attack patients. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000896 controlled hesperetin content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000603 hesperetin A regimen of solid food in which the amount of hesperetin is controlled. Hesperetin belongs to the flavanone class of flavonoids. Hesperetin, in the form of its glycoside Hesperidin, is the predominant flavonoid in lemons and oranges. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000704 carotid artery occlusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000347 blood vessel occlusion A surgical manipulation causing blockage of one or both of the common carotid arteries, or of a branch (internal or external) of the common carotid arteries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001096 sodium taurocholate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000259 disease-inducing chemical This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is sodium taurocholate, the sodium salt of taurocholic acid. Sodium taurocholate is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It is used experimentally to induce severe acute pancreatitis in laboratory animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001097 JZL184 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000523 enzyme inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is JZL184, an irreversible inhibitor of monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), the primary enzyme responsible for degrading the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001098 crystalline silica http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is crystalline silica. Silica is synonymous with silicon dioxide (SiO2) and commonly found in nature as sand. Silica exists mainly as crystalline silica (mostly in the form of quartz). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001099 air crystalline silica content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000009 controlled atmosphere composition This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is respirable crystalline silica, which is breathable silica dust. The level of crystalline silica in the air surrounding an organism or breathed by an organism is determined by environmental conditions, work conditions, or controlled as part of an experiment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001100 physical manipulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the use of manual or mechanical, non-surgical means to aid a patient or experimental animal in performing some biological activity for the purpose of examination, collection of samples, drug administration, therapy, or experimental manipulation. This may or may not require the use of tools or devices. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001101 urinary catheterization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001100 physical manipulation This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is urinary catheterization, the insertion of a tune through the urethra into the bladder to allow urine to drain from the bladder for collection or to allow injection of some substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001102 serotonin hydrochloride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000144 neurotransmitter This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is serotonin hydrochloride, the hydrochloride form of a primary amino compound (serotonin) that is the 5-hydroxy derivative of tryptamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001103 17beta-estradiol 3-benzoate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000092 17 beta-estradiol This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is 17beta-estradiol 3-benzoate, the C17β benzoate ester of estradiol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001104 QUAN-0808 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000106 anesthetic/analgesic This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Q808, an experimental phthalazine tetrazole derivative being tested for effectiveness as an anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, and analgesic drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001105 controlled in situ ophthalmic condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000166 controlled in situ organ condition This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a controlled in situ ophthalmic condition, an experimental or medical condition in which the internal or external environment of the eye(s) is altered. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001106 retinal reperfusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001105 controlled in situ ophthalmic condition This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is retinal reperfusion, the flow of blood to the retina being restored after a period of blood vessel occlusion occurring experimentally. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000606 AMG-8718 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000523 enzyme inhibitor AMG-8718 is the inhibitor of β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme (BACE1). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000607 acetic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is acetic acid, the product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. Acetic acid is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000608 Allyl isothiocyanate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000482 antimicrobial agent An isothiocyanate with the formula CH2=CHCH2N=C=S. A colorless oil with boiling point 152degreeC, it is responsible for the pungent taste of mustard, horseradish, and wasabi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000609 4-methyl-2-(piperidin-1-yl)-quinoline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000269 calcium channel inhibitor A potent and selective blocker of TRPC4 channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000610 morphine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000106 anesthetic/analgesic A morphinane alkaloid that is a highly potent opiate analgesic psychoactive drug. Morphine acts directly on the central nervous system (CNS) to relieve pain but has a high potential for addiction, with tolerance and both physical and psychological dependence developing rapidly. Morphine is the most abundant opiate found in Papaver somniferum (the opium poppy). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000611 nifedipine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000269 calcium channel inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is nifedipine, a potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000612 endothelin-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000783 cytokine This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is endothelin-1, a 21-amino acid peptide produced in a variety of tissues including endothelial and vascular smooth-muscle cells, neurons and astrocytes in the central nervous system, and endometrial cells. It acts as a modulator of vasomotor tone, cell proliferation, and hormone production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000613 Adenosine triphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000392 nucleoside/nucleotide Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is an adenine nucleotide comprised of three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety, found in all living cells. Adenosine triphosphate is involved in energy production for metabolic processes and RNA synthesis. In addition, this substance acts as a neurotransmitter. In cancer studies, adenosine triphosphate is synthesized to examine its use to decrease weight loss and improve muscle strength. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000669 diazoxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000140 vasodilator Any condition in which the main influencing factor is diazoxide, a benzothiadiazine that is the S,S-dioxide of 2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine which is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group and at position 7 by chlorine. A peripheral vasodilator, it increases the concentration of glucose in the plasma and inhibits the secretion of insulin by the beta- cells of the pancreas. It is used orally in the management of intractable hypoglycaemia and intravenously in the management of hypertensive emergencies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000670 Pair-fed diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000461 restricted feeding A technique in which the amount of food provided to a control group of animals is matched to that consumed by the experimental group, so as to determine the extent to which the effect of a treatment on body weight or body composition occurred independently of changes of energy intake. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000671 doxycycline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent A tetracycline in which the 5beta-hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group, while the 6alpha-hydroxy group is replaced by hydrogen. A semi-synthetic tetracycline antibiotic, it is used to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis and treat non-gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis, exacerbations of bronchitis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and adult periodontitis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000672 tetracyclines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a subclass of polyketides having an octahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide skeleton, substituted with many hydroxy and other groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000673 alpha-adrenergic agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000664 adrenergic receptor agonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an alpha-adrenergic agonist, an agent that selectively binds to and activates alpha-adrenergic receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000674 clonidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000863 antihypertensive agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is clonidine, an imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates alpha-2 adrenergic receptors and central imidazoline receptors. It is commonly used in the management of hypertension. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000675 gene transfer using retrovirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000528 gene transfer A condition in which gene transfer has been performed using a retrovirus as the carrier of the genetic material. A retrovirus is any of a family (Retroviridae) of single-stranded RNA viruses that produce reverse transcriptase by means of which DNA is produced using their RNA as a template and incorporated into the genome of infected cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000676 gene transfer of the rat erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 gene using a retrovirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000675 gene transfer using retrovirus vector A condition in which the rat erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 gene (Erbb2) gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using a retrovirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000677 controlled enalapril content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of enalapril consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Enalapril, a prodrug that is rapidly metabolized in the liver to enalaprilat, is a potent, competitive inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000749 phosphoramidon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000748 protease inhibitor Any condition in which the main influencing factor is phosphoramidon, a potent inhibitor of thermolysin and other metallo-endopeptidases, isolated from the cultures of Streptomyces tanashiensis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000835 BT4C cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000709 cancer cells A condition in which the main influencing factor is a rat malignant glioma cell line. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000887 pentetrazol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000886 epilepsy-inducing chemical This a pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-competitive gamma-aminobutyric acid antagonist. Pentetrazol has been used experimentally to study seizure phenomenon and to identify pharmaceuticals that may control seizure susceptibility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000741 housing with bacterial pathogen-infected subject http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000475 bacterial pathogen A condition in which subjects are maintained in housing groups in which at least one subject had a bacterial pathogenic infection during the time period leading up to the specified housing period. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000863 antihypertensive agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a drug used in the treatment of acute or chronic vascular hypertension regardless of pharmacological mechanism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000719 gadopentetate dimeglumine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000718 gadolinium-based contrast agents A gadolinium coordination entity that has formula C28H54GdN5O20. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000714 SB-239063 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000715 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor A member of the class of imidazoles carrying 4-hydroxycyclohexyl, 4-fluorophenyl and 2-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl substituents at positions 1, 4 and 5 respectively. It is a mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000846 Hu-S102-129 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000828 human myelin basic protein Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a 28 amino acid polypeptide representing residues 102 to 129 in the human myelin basic protein molecule. Myelin basic protein is a hydrophobic insulator that can be synthesized by the oligodendrocyte and/or Schwann cell as part of the myelin sheath which is wrapped around the axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000788 S4MH cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000709 cancer cells A condition in which the main influencing factor is a rat rhabdomyosarcoma cell line used to study metastasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000776 fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid derived from or contained in esterified form in an animal or vegetable fat, oil or wax. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000908 potassium aluminium sulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000909 potassium salt A condition in which the main influencing factor is a metal sulfate composed of potassium, aluminium and sulfate ions in the ratio 1:1:2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000916 gelled diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000013 diet This is a regimen of semisolid food in which the amount of solid elements and water in the diet are controlled. The diet resembles jelly in consistency and is about 62.5% H2O, 37.5% synthetic food (Ziegler Bros., formula 53140000),0.3% NaCl, and 0.3% agar wt/wt. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001304 Danlu tongdu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Danlu tongdu, a Chinese patent medicine made up of five traditional Chinese drugs, including Salviae miltiorrhizae, Astragali radix, Eucommiae cortex, Corydalis rhizoma and Cervi cornus colla. Danlu tongdu is used in treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis and lumbosacral disc herniations, but has some adverse side-effects on liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001305 pulmonary artery occlusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000347 blood vessel occlusion This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is pulmonary artery occlusion, a clinical or experimental surgical procedure which restricts the amount of blood flow to the lung via the pulmonary artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001306 experimental traumatic muscle injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001100 physical manipulation This is a condition induced by an mechanical procedure involving controlled trauma to skeletal muscle. The controlled muscle trauma may be to model contusion, strain, or laceration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001307 experimental muscle contusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001306 experimental traumatic muscle injury This is a condition induced by an mechanical procedure involving controlled trauma to skeletal muscle, such as the vastus medialis (part of the quadriceps muscle). Controlled muscle contusion has been used to model myofascial pain syndrome and other skeletal muscle injuries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000809 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine, a methylpyridine that consists of 2-methylpyridine bearing an additional phenylethynyl group at position 6. It is a potent and highly selective non-competitive antagonist at the mGlu5 receptor subtype (IC50 = 36 nM) and a positive allosteric modulator at mGlu4 receptors. It functions as an excitatory amino acid antagonist and an anxiolytic agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000795 controlled sodium chloride content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000022 controlled sodium content diet A regimen of solid food in which the amount of sodium chloride consumed is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000874 controlled in situ lung condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000166 controlled in situ organ condition Any experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of one or both lungs is experimentally manipulated, for example through perfusion, increased or decreased blood flow, etc. without removal from the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000772 controlled cocoa butter content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A solid diet in which the amount of cocoa butter is maintained at a specified level. Cocoa butter is a pale vegetable fat with a low melting point obtained from cacao beans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000825 cyclophosphamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000636 immunosuppressive agent An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is cyclophosphamide (CP), an antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the liver to form the active aldophosphamide. As chemotherapy it is used to treat lymphoma, multiple myeloma, leukemia, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, small cell lung cancer, neuroblastoma, and sarcoma. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000880 mifepristone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000120 inhibitor Any condition in which the main influencing factor is mifepristone, a progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary Cushing Syndrome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000868 incision repair with conventional suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000867 incision repair A process in which manual and instrumental techniques are used to close a wound or surgical incision with sutures. Surgical sutures are specially made thread that comes in different sizes and different material. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000790 controlled sodium chloride content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000164 controlled sodium content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of sodium chloride dissolved in a sufficient quantity of water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000872 thymosin alpha-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000657 antiviral agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is thymosin alpha-1, a member of a family of heat-stable, polypeptide hormones secreted by the thymus gland. Thymosins are immune response-modulating molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001079 adenine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is adenine, the parent compound of the 6-aminopurines, composed of a purine having an amino group at C-6. Adenine is one of the five constituent bases of nucleic acids.The shape of adenine is complementary to either thymine in DNA or uracil in RNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001195 nefazodone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000561 antidepressant This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is nefazodone, an aromatic ether with multiple roles, including that of an antidepressant, a serotonergic antagonist, a serotonin uptake inhibitor, an alpha-adrenergic antagonist and an analgesic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001196 ethers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an ether, any of a class of compounds that contain an ether group, an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl or aryl groups. They have the general formula R−O−R′, where R and R′ represent the alkyl or aryl groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001197 nevirapine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000657 antiviral agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is nevirapine, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) used in combination with nucleoside analogues for treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) infections and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001198 nitrofurantoin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is nitrofurantoin, a urinary anti-bacterial agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Nitrofurantoin is converted by bacterial nitroreductases to electrophilic intermediates which inhibit the citric acid cycle as well as synthesis of DNA, RNA, and protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001199 oxandrolone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000229 steroid hormone This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is oxandrolone, a synthetic, anabolic steroid hormone analog of testosterone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001200 panadiplon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000135 receptor agonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is panadiplon (U-78875), an anxiolytic drug with a novel chemical structure. Panadiplon has a similar pharmacological profile to the benzodiazepine family of drugs, but with mainly anxiolytic properties and relatively little sedative or amnestic effect, and so is classified as a nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001201 paroxetine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000561 antidepressant This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is paroxetine, a serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression and anxiety. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001202 penicillin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a penicillin, one of a group of β-lactam antibiotics originally obtained from Penicillium molds. Penicillins are widely used for different bacterial infections, though many types of bacteria have developed resistance following extensive use. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001203 phenobarbital http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000950 anticonvulsant This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is phenobarbital, a barbiturate that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. Phenobarbital potentiates GABA action on GABA-A receptors, modulates chloride currents through receptor channels, and inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001204 pentoxifylline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000271 antioxidant This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is pentoxifylline, a synthetic dimethylxanthine derivative that inhibits phosphodiesterase and affects blood rheology. It improves blood flow by increasing erythrocyte and leukocyte flexibility. Pentoxifylline has both anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001205 perhexiline maleate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is perhexiline maleate, a coronary vasodilator used as a prophylactic antianginal agent. Perhexiline inhibits mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 and -2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001206 probenecid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000120 inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is probenecid, the prototypical uricosuric agent, a drug that promotes the excretion of uric acid. Probenecid inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Because probenecid reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, it has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001207 propranolol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000336 adrenergic antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is propranolol, a widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol functions as an anxiolytic drug, an anti-arrhythmia drug, a vasodilator agent, and an antihypertensive agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001208 MWNT-7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is MWNT-7, a multi‐walled carbon nanotube, which is a molecule consisting of three or more concentric graphene cylinders. Fibers of MWNT-7 range in size from 5.11 μm to 84.7 nm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001209 lixisenatide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000407 hypoglycemic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is lixisenatide, a 44 amino acid polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist used as an adjunct to diet and exercise for the treatment of adults with type II diabetes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001210 neomycin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is neomycin, a broad spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from Streptomyces fradiae with antibacterial activity. Neomycin is an antibiotic complex consisting of 3 components: the two isomeric components B and C are the active components, and neomycin A is a minor component and a degradation product of B and C. Neomycin is a protein synthesis inhibitor and bacteriacidal agent, primarily effective against gram-negative bacteria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001211 Parabacteroides distasonis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001212 bacteria This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Parabacteroides distasonis, an anaerobic, gram-negative bacillus of the CFB group of bacteria. P. distasonis is an aerotolerant anaerobe found in the gastrointestinal tract of numerous species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001212 bacteria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000761 biologics and probiotics This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is bacteria, any of a domain of chiefly round, spiral, or rod-shaped single-celled prokaryotic microorganisms that are represented in most ecological niches on earth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001213 Parabacteroides johnsonii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001212 bacteria This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Parabacteroides johnsonii, an anaerobic, gram-negative bacillus of the CFB group of bacteria. P. johnsonii is an anaerobe isolated from human fecal matter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001214 reverse osmosis-filtered water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000021 water This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is reverse osmosis-filtered water, purified water that has sediment and chlorine removed from it with a prefilter before solutes are removed by a semipermeable membrane. Reverse osmosis-filtered water also passes through a postfilter after the semi-permeable membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001215 controlled fructose content reverse osmosis-filtered drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000429 controlled fructose content drinking water This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of reverse osmosis-filtered water and a specified amount of fructose consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Fructose is one of three dietary monosaccharides, along with glucose and galactose, that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001216 controlled glucose content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of glucose consumed by a subject. Glucose is a monosaccharide sugar, C6H12O6, occurring widely in plant and animal tissues. Glucose is one of the three dietary monosaccharides, along with fructose and galactose, that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001217 controlled glucose content reverse osmosis-filtered drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001216 controlled glucose content drinking water This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of reverse osmosis-filtered water and a specified amount of glucose consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Glucose is one of three dietary monosaccharides, along with fructose and galactose, that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001218 controlled ampicillin content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of ampicillin, a semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic. Ampicillin is a penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001239 gefitinib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is gefitinib, an EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001240 afatinib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is afatinib, an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, ERBB2, ERBB3, ERBB4) tyrosine kinases used for the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001241 tienilic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000122 diuretic This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is tienilic acid, a loop diuretic with uricosuric action. Tienilic acid was marketed for the treatment of hypertension until being withdrawn in 1982 because of reports of hepatotoxicity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001242 tolcapone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000523 enzyme inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is tolcapone, a catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor used in the treatment of Parkinson disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001244 ambient environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition This is any condition in which the major influencing factor is the ambient environment, an encompassing atmosphere which includes temperature, light, sound, and air content as parameters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001245 antiemetic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an antiemetic, a drug used to prevent nausea or vomiting. An antiemetic may affect the medullary control centers (the vomiting center and the chemoreceptive trigger zone) or peripheral receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001246 trimethobenzamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001245 antiemetic This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is trimethobenzamide, a drug used to prevent nausea and vomiting in humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001247 sterile water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000021 water This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is sterile water, which is high quality water used for medical irrigation, injection, or inhalation and has been prepared to eliminate microbial contamination. Sterile water may be used as a pharmaceutical solvent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001248 poloxamers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001232 emulsifier This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is poloxamers, nonionic triblock copolymers composed of a central hydrophobic chain of polyoxypropylene (poly(propylene oxide)) flanked by two hydrophilic chains of polyoxyethylene (poly(ethylene oxide)). The length of the copolymer chains can be varied to alter the properties of the whole molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001249 Poloxamer 407 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001248 poloxamers This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Poloxamer 407 (P407), a nonionic triblock copolymer with a polyoxypropylene molecular mass of 4000 g/mol and a 70% polyoxyethylene content. P407 is used as an emulsifying agent and solubilizing agent in cosmetic and personal products. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001250 Poria cocos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Poria cocos, a fungus used extensively as a medicinal mushroom in traditional Chinese medicine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001251 Alismatis rhizoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Alismatis rhizoma, the rhizomes of A. orientale (Alisma orientale, a flowering plant species found in Asia) which have been used as a traditional Chinese medicine and as a kampo Japanese medicine. Terpenoids have been identified as characteristic constituents of Alisma orientale. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001253 Huatan Jiangzhuo decoction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Huatan Jiangzhuo decoction, a combination of six traditional Chinese medicines that is used for lipid metabolism-related disorders. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001254 troglitazone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is troglitazone, a hypoglycemic agent that was taken off the market due to hepatotoxicity issues. Troglitazone is also an antioxidant, a vasodilator agent, an anticonvulsant, an anticoagulant, an antineoplastic agent, and a long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase inhibitor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001255 indomethacin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000506 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is indomethacin, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat mild to moderate acute pain and relieve symptoms of arthritis (osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis) or gout. Indomethacin also inhibits the motility of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001256 total parenteral nutrition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000013 diet This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is total parenteral nutrition (TPN), a method of feeding that bypasses the gastrointestinal tract by using an intravenous route. Total parenteral nutrition exists when no significant nutrition is obtained by other routes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001257 trovafloxacin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is trovafloxacin, a broad spectrum antibiotic more effective against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria. Trovafloxacin exerts its antibacterial activity by inhibiting the uncoiling of supercoiled DNA by blocking the activity of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000644 anti-T cell receptor antibody http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000194 antibody A monoclonal antibody that appears to be specific for a constant determinant of the rat alpha/beta heterodimeric T cell receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000828 human myelin basic protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000688 myelin basic protein Any condition in which the main influencing factor is human myelin basic protein, a hydrophobic insulator that can be synthesized by the oligodendrocyte and/or Schwann cell as part of the myelin sheath which is wrapped around the axon. Human myelin basic protein is purified from human tissue or extracted from cultured cells containing cloned copies of the human myelin basic protein gene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000851 stem cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is a stem cell, an unspecialized cell capable of perpetuating itself through cell division and having the potential to give rise to a variety of differentiated cells with specialized functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000864 hepatic portal vein occlusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000347 blood vessel occlusion A condition involving surgical manipulation causing blockage of one or more branches of the hepatic portal vein, a vein that transports nutrients from the digestive tract to the liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000811 A23187 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000482 antimicrobial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is A23187, an ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports calcium and other divalent cations across membranes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000718 gadolinium-based contrast agents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000717 MRI contrast agent Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents (GBCA) are intravenous drugs used in diagnostic imaging procedures to enhance the quality of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000706 lithium phthalocyanine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000705 organic radical Physicochemically lithium phthalocyanine is very stable; its response to pO2 does not change with conditions and environments (e.g., pH, temperature, redox conditions) likely to occur in viable biological systems. It is an organic radical compound that forms metallic-organic, paramagnetic crystallites that appear very useful for in vitro and in vivo electron paramagnetic resonance oximetry. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000771 rat anti-26 kDa antiserum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000769 antiserum Any condition in which the main influencing factor is serum prepared from rats immunized with the 26 kDa antigen secreted from schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000770 rat anti-Ab2 antiserum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000769 antiserum Any condition in which the main influencing factor is serum prepared from rats immunized with Ab2 antibodies. These Ab2 antibodies are antiidiotypic antibodies raised against anti-26 kDa (antigen secreted from schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni) IgE antibodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000892 tumor promoter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000259 disease-inducing chemical Tumor promoters are substances that enhance tumorigenicity when administered after a carcinogen. In general, tumor promoters do not possess tumorigenic activity themselves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000735 paclitaxel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent A tetracyclic diterpenoid which is a mitotic inhibitor used in cancer chemotherapy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000873 DHD/K12/TRb - Sp-5 cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000710 DHD/K12/TRb cells A condition in which the main influencing factor is the pulmonary metastatic subclone Sp-5 of a rat colonic carcinoma cell line (DHD/K12/TRb) used to study biochemical correlates of metastasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000824 pertussis toxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000240 toxin Pertussis toxin (PT) is a protein-based AB5-type exotoxin produced by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, which causes whooping cough. PT is one of the most complex bacterial toxins known, composed of six subunits with an A protomer responsible for biologic activities and a B pentamer directing binding and entry of the A subunit into the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000793 BTB14431 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent This is an in-silico screening analog of emodin (XCO:0000792). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000723 butanol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000324 primary alcohol A primary alcohol that is butane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It it produced in small amounts in humans by the gut microbes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000763 T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000761 biologics and probiotics Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of T cells (T lymphocytes). T cells are integral to the functioning of the immune system and are at the core of adaptive immunity, the system that tailors the body's immune response to specific pathogens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000834 formaldehyde http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000239 toxic substance Any condition in which the main influencing factor is formaldehyde, an aldehyde resulting from the formal oxidation of methanol. In solution, it has a wide range of uses: in the manufacture of resins and textiles, as a disinfectant, and as a laboratory fixative or preservative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000703 2,4,5 trimethylthiazoline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000702 thiazoles A constituent of fox urine and feces that may be an innately aversive odor to rodents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000838 mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an agent that blocks the mineralocorticoid (primarily aldosterone) receptor (NR3C2), which regulates water and electrolyte metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000782 negatively charged liposomes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000780 liposomes An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is negatively charged liposomes, artificial negatively charged vesicles composed of one or more concentric phospholipid bilayers and used to deliver biologically relevant substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000817 whole thorax lung irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000814 partial body irradiation Whole thorax lung irradiation is a type of partial body irradiation used to target the lungs. In experimental animals it is used to study the lung morbidities caused by radiation exposure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000827 rat anti-Hu-S102-129 T cell line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000763 T cells Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of cultured cells derived from T cells prepared from the lymph nodes of rats immunized with synthetic human myelin basic protein peptide 102-129. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000821 gene transfer of the rat GDNF gene using the plasmid vector pVAX2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000819 gene transfer using plasmid vector pVAX2 A condition in which the rat GDNF gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using the plasmid vector pVAX2 in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001107 polymer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a polymer, any of a class of natural or synthetic substances composed of very large molecules, called macromolecules, which are multiples of simpler chemical units called monomers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001108 alginate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001107 polymer This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is alginate, a naturally occurring anionic polymer typically obtained from brown seaweed. It is used as a wound dressing to keep the wound area moist. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001110 d-SMG http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000761 biologics and probiotics This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is dried snail-mucus gel (SMG), a natural substance derived from mucus harvested from snails (Achatina fulica or Helix lucorum). The chemical composition of SMG includes a high percentage of heparin-like glycosaminoglycan. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001111 mercury dichloride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is mercury dichloride, a mercury coordination entity made up of linear triatomic molecules in which a mercury atom is bonded to two chlorines. Water-soluble, it is highly toxic. Once used in a wide variety of applications, its use has markedly declined as less toxic alternatives have been developed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001112 nephrotoxicant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000259 disease-inducing chemical This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a nephrotoxic substance that causes injury to the kidney or damages its function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001113 folic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000377 vitamin This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is folic acid, an N-acyl-amino acid that is a form of the water-soluble vitamin B9. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001114 controlled folic acid content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000690 controlled vitamin content diet This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a controlled folic acid content diet, a solid diet in which the amount of folic acid is maintained at a specified level. Folic acid is an N-acyl-amino acid that is a form of the water-soluble vitamin B9. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001115 (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000377 vitamin This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid, the primary biologically active form of folate (vitamin B9). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001116 controlled (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000690 controlled vitamin content diet This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a controlled (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid content diet, a solid diet in which the amount of (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid is maintained at a specified level. (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid is the primary biologically active form of folate (vitamin B9). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001117 pefloxacin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is pefloxacin, a substituted quinolone that is an antibacterial agent and inhibitor of DNA biosynthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001118 experimental unilateral anterior crossbite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001100 physical manipulation This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the use of a prosthetic device to generate a unilateral anterior crossbite in laboratory animals. A unilateral anterior crossbite is a specific type of dental malocclusion that creates temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis via biomechanical stress in the experimental subject or patient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001119 deionized water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000021 water This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is deionized water, a form of purified water that is filtered through one or two tanks of ion-exchange resin which replaces cations with hydrogen (H+) ions and anions with hydroxyl (OH-) ions, leaving a mineral-free water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001120 almorexant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is almorexant, an experimental drug developed to combat insomnia. Almorexant is a competitive, dual OX1 and OX2 receptor antagonist and selectively inhibits the functional consequences of OX1 and OX2 receptor activation, such as intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001121 PEG 400 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000926 polyethylene glycol This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is polyethylene glycol 400, a polymer composed of repeating ethyleneoxy units with an average molecular weight of 400. PEG 400 is a clear, colorless, liquid with low toxicity, affording wide use in a variety of pharmaceutical formulations. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001122 anti-anxiety agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an anti-anxiety agent, a medication or other intervention that reduces anxiety. Anxiolytic medications are used for the treatment of anxiety disorders and their related psychological and physical symptoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001123 alpidem http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001122 anti-anxiety agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is alpidem, a drug formerly used to treat anxiety disorders but its medical use was discontinued due to liver toxicity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001124 amiodarone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000225 potassium channel inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is amiodarone, an antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug that increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting potassium channels and voltage-gated sodium channels. Following the channel inhibition is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001125 amoxicillin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001202 penicillin This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is amoxicillin, a penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group. Amoxicillin is a broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001126 curcumin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is curcumin , a beta-diketone that is obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of Curcuma longa. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001127 Buyang Huanwu decoction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is BHD (Buyang Huanwu Decoction), a multi-herbal composition (classic traditional chinese medicine formula) commonly prescribed in the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001128 polysaccharide derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000173 polysaccharide This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a polysaccharide derivative, a carbohydrate derivative that is any derivative of a polysaccharide (a biomacromolecule consisting of large numbers of monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically). Various molecules can be covalently attached to the hydroxyl groups of polysaccharides and thus form polysaccaride derivatives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001129 carboxymethylcellulose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001232 emulsifier This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is carboxymethylcellulose, a polysaccharide derivative that is cellulose in which carboxymethyl groups are bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001219 medium-chain triglyceride-containing ketogenic diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a medium-chain triglyceride-containing ketogenic diet (MCTKD), a solid diet with a specific ratio of fat weight to carbohydrate plus protein weight. MCTKDs with different ketogenic ratios are designated by KR values. Medium chain triglycerides are absorbed and transported more efficiently than other types of fat in the diet and yield more ketones produced in the liver per unit of dietary energy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001220 medium-chain triglyceride-containing ketogenic diet, KR 2.0 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001219 medium-chain triglyceride-containing ketogenic diet This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a medium-chain triglyceride-containing ketogenic diet (MCTKD), KR 2.0, a solid diet with a specific ratio of fat weight to carbohydrate plus protein weight of approximately 2.0. A diet with a higher KR ratio delivers more fat than a diet with a lower KR. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001221 medium-chain triglyceride-containing ketogenic diet, KR 1.4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001219 medium-chain triglyceride-containing ketogenic diet This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a medium-chain triglyceride-containing ketogenic diet (MCTKD), KR 1.4, a solid diet with a specific ratio of fat weight to carbohydrate plus protein weight of approximately 1.4. A diet with a higher KR ratio delivers more fat than a diet with a lower KR. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001222 ritonavir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000748 protease inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is ritonavir, a CYP3A inhibitor and antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS. Ritonavir is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Ritonavir is also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection and cirrhosis of the liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001223 sitaxentan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is sitaxentan, a drug designed for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The use of sitaxentan was discontinued because of the side effect of hepatotoxicity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001224 sudoxicam http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000506 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is sudoxicam, a benzothiazine derivative and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Sudoxicam also has anti-edema and antipyretic activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001225 sumatriptan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000141 vasoconstrictor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is sumatriptan, a serotonin agonist that acts selectively at 5HT1 receptors. It i s used for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001226 tacrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000523 enzyme inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is tacrine, a centerally active cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders. Tacrine is also a histamine N-methyltransferase inhibitor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001227 teriparatide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000228 peptide hormone This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is teriparatide, a recombinant human parathyroid hormone analogue that is used to treat osteoporosis in women or men with a high risk for bone fracture. Teriparatide is made up of the first amino(N)-terminal 34 amino acids of human PTH (parathyroid hormone) and is an osteoanabolic agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001228 electrical muscle stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is electrical muscle stimulation (EMS), a transcutaneous method of stimulating skeletal muscle. EMS is designed to facilitate passive activation of a large number of motor units and induce synchronous recruitment of muscle fibers, with the aim of strengthening or maintaining muscle mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001229 Baihu-Guizhi decoction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Baihu-Guizhi decoction, an anti-arthritic drug of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Baihu-Guizhi decoction (BHGZD) is extensively used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001230 Imwitor 742 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001232 emulsifier This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Imwitor 742, a blend of mono-, di- and triglycerides, mainly of caprylic and capric acid. Imwitor 742 acts as a solubilizer for poorly soluble drugs in oral administration forms (i.e. capsules), as a penetration enhancer in topical drug forms, and as a co-emulsifier in emulsions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001231 solvent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a solvent, a liquid that can dissolve other substances (solutes) without any change in their chemical composition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001232 emulsifier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an emulsifier, a surface-active agent (such as a soap) promoting the formation and stabilization of an emulsion (a fine dispersion of minute droplets of one liquid in another in which it is not soluble). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001233 telcagepant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is telcagepant, a calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist which was an investigational drug for the acute treatment and prevention of migraine. Development of telcagepant was discontinued due to hepatic side effects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001234 telithromycin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000532 protein synthesis inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is telithromycin, a semi-synthetic erythromycin derivative which belongs to a new chemical class of antibiotics called ketolides. Similar to the macrolide antibiotics, telithromycin prevents bacterial growth by interfering with bacterial protein synthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001235 tetracycline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000532 protein synthesis inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is tetracycline, a broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria. Tetracycline is both an antibacterial and antiprotozoal drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001236 Morinda officinalis polysaccharide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000173 polysaccharide This is any condition whose main influencing factor is Morinda officinalis polysaccharide, a crude polysaccharide extract from the root of Morinda officinalis, a plant used in traditional Chinese medicine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001237 experimental varicocele http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000595 surgical manipulation of blood vessels This is any condition whose main influencing factor is an experimental varicocele generated by partial ligation of the left renal vein. A varicocele is an abnormal dilation of the pampiniform plexus (veins) of the spermatic cord.. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001238 ticlopidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is ticlopidine, an inhibitor of platelet aggregation. It is a prodrug that is metabolised to an active form, which blocks the ADP receptor that is involved in GPIIb/IIIa receptor activation leading to platelet aggregation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000412 gestation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000411 reproduction condition The state of a female and/or her offspring, and the processes which occur, during the period from conception to birth or termination of the pregnancy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000502 body part position change http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000066 body position change A condition characterized by an alteration in the placement, arrangement or orientation of any part of the body of an organism such as an organ or extremity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000503 head position change http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000502 body part position change A condition characterized by an alteration in the placement, arrangement or orientation of the head of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000504 coronal plane rotational acceleration of the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000503 head position change A condition characterized by rotation or twisting of the head parallel to the coronal plane of the body (that is, the plane which separates the belly from the back of the organism) at an increasing velocity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000505 anti-inflammatory agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent A condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical which counteracts or suppresses inflammation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000506 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000505 anti-inflammatory agent A condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical which counteracts or suppresses inflammation but which is not a steroid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000507 carprofen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000106 anesthetic/analgesic Condition in which the main influencing factor is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with chemical formula C15H12ClNO2, used as a veterinary analgesic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000508 audible tone stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000048 auditory stimulus An auditory stimulus consisting of a sound which is at a frequency and level to be perceptible to the ear, especially the human ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000509 ultrasonic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000048 auditory stimulus An auditory stimulus consisting of sound waves which are beyond the upper limit of perception by the human ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000553 everolimus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is everolimus, a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor which is selective for the mTORC1 protein complex, with little or no effect on mTORC2. Everolimus is used as an antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000897 capsaicin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000217 cation channel activator This is an alkylamide found in some peppers that acts as an agonist at TRPV1 cation channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001086 TRV023 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000135 receptor agonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is TRV023, an angiotensin analogue which is a beta-arrestin selective signaling AGTR1 agonist. It is a biased ligand because it does not affect G-protein signaling by AGTR1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001087 limited bedding and nesting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000033 housing condition This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is limited bedding and nesting, a housing condition designed to create a model of early life adversity. The minimum bedding/nesting may be as little as a paper towel in a plain, unadorned cage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001088 cefuroxime http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is cefuroxime, a broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase. Cefuroxime has been proposed for treatment of infections of gram-negative organisms, gram-positive organisms, gonorrhea, and haemophilus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001089 hirudin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001090 anticoagulant This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a hirudin, a single-chain polypeptide of about 65 amino acids (7 kDa) found in leech saliva, that has a neutral hydrophobic N terminus, an acidic hydrophilic C terminus, and a compact, hydrophobic core region. Hirudins, both natural and synthetic, are inhibitors of thrombin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001090 anticoagulant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an anticoagulant, a substance that hinders the clotting of blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001091 experimental spinal cord injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is experimental spinal cord injury, a penetrating or non-penetrating injury to the spinal cord resulting from experimentally controlled trauma. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001092 sciatic nerve crush http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an experimentally controlled sciatic nerve crush, which is used as a model of sciatic neuropathy, Wallerian degeneration, and axonal regeneration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001093 epigallocatechin-3-gallate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is epigallocatechin-3-gallate, a gallate ester which is an antimutagen found in tea (Camellia sinensis) with the highest concentration in green tea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001094 CFT‐1 tea infusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000075 tea This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is CFT-1, a green tea variety called Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze cv. CFT‐1, which is rich in EGCG (antimutagen epigallocatechin-3-gallate). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001095 FYT tea infusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000075 tea This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is FYT, a common green tea variety called Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze cv. Fuyun6. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001130 amprenavir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000657 antiviral agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is amprenavir, a protease inhibitor designed to treat HIV infections. Amprenavir has been replaced by fosamprenavir, a prodrug of amprenavir. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001131 azithromycin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is azithromycin, a semi-synthetic, broad-spectrum, macrolide antibiotic structurally related to erythromycin. It has been used in the treatment of various types of bacterial infections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001132 sesame oil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000774 oil This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is sesame oil, an edible vegetable oil derived from sesame seeds. Sesame oil can be used as a solvent for an injected drug or an intravenous drip. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001133 bardoxolone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is bardoxolone, a synthetic triterpenoid compound with potential antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities. Bardoxolone blocks the synthesis of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2), two enzymes involved in inflammation and carcinogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001179 iopromide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001112 nephrotoxicant This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is iopromide, an organoiodine compound and a dicarboxylic acid diamide used as an x-ray contrast agent for angiography. Iopromide is also a nephrotoxic agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001180 OC43p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000260 peptide/protein antigen This is any condition in which the major influencing factor is OC43p, a synthetic peptide whose sequence (VSKIVHFFKTFTTSTALAFA) is derived from the Human coronavirus OC43 gene ORF1ab/ORF1ab polyprotein. This sequence is homologous to the myelin basic protein pronociceptive peptide MBP84-104 from human/rat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001181 OC43p‐SCR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000260 peptide/protein antigen This is any condition in which the major influencing factor is OC43p-SCR, a synthetic peptide whose sequence (VFIAHSVKFTKSFTLATTFA) is a scrambled version of OC43p, a peptide derived from the Human coronavirus OC43 gene ORF1ab/ORF1ab polyprotein. This OC43p‐SCR sequence is used as an experimental control for OC43p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001182 methyldopa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000863 antihypertensive agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is methyldopa, a centrally acting sympatholytic agent and an antihypertensive agent. It is an analog of DOPA (3,4‐hydroxyphenylanine), and it is a prodrug, meaning that the drug requires biotransformation to an active metabolite for therapeutic effects. Methyldopa is in the alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist family of medications. It works by stimulating the brain to decrease the activity of the sympathetic nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001183 metiamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is metiamide, a histamine H2 receptor antagonist developed from another H2 antagonist, burimamide. It was an intermediate compound in the development of the successful anti-ulcer drug cimetidine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001184 mibefradil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000269 calcium channel inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is mibefradil, a benzimidazoyl-substituted tetralin that selectively binds and inhibits T-type calcium channels. Mibefradil is a vasodilator and antihypertensive agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001185 MK-0773 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000135 receptor agonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is MK-0773, an experimental drug that was under development for the treatment of sarcopenia. MK-0773 is a 4-azasteroid and agonist of the androgen receptor (SARM, selective androgen receptor modulator). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001186 MK-3207 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is MK-03207, a highly potent calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist designed to be an antimigraine therapeutic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001187 ampicillin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001202 penicillin This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is ampicillin, a semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic. Ampicillin is a penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001189 metronidazole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000482 antimicrobial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is metronidazole, a commonly used antibiotic, belonging to the nitroimidazole class of antibiotics. Metronidazole is frequently used to treat gastrointestinal infections and parasitic infections such as trichomoniasis, giardiasis, and amebiasis. The antiparasitic of properties of metronidazole set it apart from many other antibacterial drugs, allowing it to treat a wider variety of infections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001190 amphotericin B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000482 antimicrobial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is amphotericin B, macrolide antifungal and antiprotozoal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001191 nabumetone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000106 anesthetic/analgesic This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is nabumetone, a prodrug that is converted to the active metabolite, 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid. Nabumetone is a methyl ketone non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitor that is used in the management of pain associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001192 nadolol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000336 adrenergic antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is nadolol, a non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used to treat vascular headaches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001193 naproxen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000506 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is naproxen, a methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness. Naproxen inhibits both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001194 NB-360 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000523 enzyme inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is NB-360, a dual BACE1/BACE2 (beta-secretase 1/beta-secretase 2) inhibitor that stops the progression of amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition and reduces neuroinflammation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000739 housing in trios http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000033 housing condition This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is housing in trios, a sutuation where subjects are housed in groups of three during a specified time period(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000705 organic radical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure Neutral organic radicals are subvalent molecules, i.e., they have unpaired electrons, and, as such, they are typically highly reactive, transient species with short lifetimes that tend to dimerize, disproportionate, or react with oxygen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000889 ionomycin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000890 ionophore Ionomycin is a very long-chain fatty acid that is a calcium ionophore produced by Streptomyces conglobatus. It is used in research to raise the intracellular level of Ca(2+) and as a research tool to understand Ca(2+) transport across biological membranes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000882 sleeve gastrectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000026 surgical removal This procedure involves removal of about 80% of the stomach, leaving a tube-shaped stomach about the size and shape of a banana. The procedure is typically performed as a surgical intervention for weight control. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000717 MRI contrast agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000358 diagnostic agent MRI contrast agents are an indispensable part of magnetic resonance imaging. Contrast agents are used to improve the visibility of internal body structures in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000774 oil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure Any condition in which the main influencing factor is any of numerous unctuous combustible substances that are liquid or can be liquefied easily on warming, are soluble in ether but not in water, and leave a greasy stain on paper or cloth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000755 dimethyl sulfoxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000106 anesthetic/analgesic Any condition in which the main influencing factor is dimethyl sulfoxide, a 2-carbon sulfoxide and highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000680 antilipemic agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance used to treat hyperlipidemia (an excess of lipids in the blood). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000682 Benfluorex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000680 antilipemic agent A benzoate ester that has formula C19H20F3NO2. Functionally, it is an anorectic and hypolipidemic agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000688 myelin basic protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000292 peripheral nerve myelin Myelin basic protein is a hydrophobic insulator that can be synthesized by the oligodendrocyte and/or Schwann cell as part of the myelin sheath which is wrapped around the axon. Myelin basic protein may constitute as much as one-third of all protein in myelin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000689 vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000377 vitamin Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in some foods, added to others, and available as a dietary supplement. Humans, unlike most animals, are unable to synthesize vitamin C endogenously, so it is an essential dietary component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000692 carbachol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000140 vasodilator An ammonium salt that has formula C6H15N2O2. It is a slowly hydrolyzed cholinergic agonist that acts at both muscarinic receptors and nicotinic receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000693 cholinergic agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000135 receptor agonist An agent that selectively binds to and activates cholinergic receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000713 desmopressin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000712 vasopressin receptor agonist A synthetic analogue of vasopressin in which 3-mercaptopropionic acid replaces the cysteine residue at position 1 and D-arginine replaces the residue at position 8. Its action is mediated by the vasopressin receptor V2. It has prolonged antidiuretic activity, but little pressor effects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000716 controlled SB-239063 content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A regimen of solid food in which the amount of SB-239063 consumed is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000720 laser photocoagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation A condition involving eye surgery using a laser to shrink or destroy abnormal structures in the retina, or to intentionally cause scarring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000724 Carbon-14 butanol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000171 radioactively labeled chemical A primary alcohol that is butanol in which one or several of the carbon (C12) atoms is replaced by radioactive Carbon-14. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000725 cyclodextrin (CD)-clathrated hesperetin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000603 hesperetin Hesperetin is the aglycone of hesperidin - clathration by CD enhances hesperetin solubility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000738 lipopolysaccharide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000737 endotoxin This most common type of endotoxin is found in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharide consists of the lipid A portion containing fatty acids and disaccharide phosphates, core polysaccharides, and the O-antigen (repetitive glycan polymer). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000742 housing with Haemophilus-infected subject http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000743 Haemophilus A condition in which subjects are maintained in housing groups in which at least one subject had a Haemophilus infection during the time period leading up to the specified housing period. Haemophilus is a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000745 housing with Haemophilus H35-infected subject http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000742 housing with Haemophilus-infected subject A condition in which subjects are maintained in housing groups in which at least one subject had a Haemophilus H35 infection during the time period leading up to the specified housing period. Haemophilus H35 is a strain of Haemophilus, a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000752 right carotid artery occlusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000751 unilateral carotid artery occlusion A surgical manipulation causing blockage of the right common carotid artery, or a branch (internal or external) of the right common carotid artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000753 left carotid artery occlusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000751 unilateral carotid artery occlusion A surgical manipulation causing blockage of the left common carotid artery, or a branch (internal or external) of the left common carotid artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000756 Kolliphor HS 15 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001248 poloxamers This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Kolliphor HS 15, a non-ionic surfactant and emulsifier that is a potential therapeutic agent because of its effectiveness for reversing multidrug resistance in vitro and its low toxicity in vivo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000773 controlled soybean oil content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000454 controlled oil content diet A solid diet in which the amount of soybean oil is maintained at a specified level. Soybean oil is a pale yellow drying or semidrying oil that is obtained from soybeans and is used chiefly as a food, in paints, varnishes, linoleum, printing ink, and soap, and as a source of phospholipids, fatty acids, and sterols. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000777 lipoic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000776 fatty acid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is alpha-lipoic acid, a heterocyclic thia fatty acid comprising pentanoic acid with a 1,2-dithiolan-3-yl group at the 5-position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000778 spiroplatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent A condition in which the main influencing factor is spiroplatin, a metal drug and analog of the second generation for cisplatin, developed for the treatment of cancer. Spiroplatin induces DNA cross-linking, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and the synthesis of RNA and protein. Initial clinical trials of spiroplatin showed that it could cause less nausea and vomiting than cisplatin, but development was discontinued due to weak anti-tumor effects and toxicity at high dosages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000779 rat IgM immunocytoma cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000709 cancer cells A condition in which the main influencing factor is rat IgM-secreting immunocytoma cells. The transplantable tumor cells are used in various studies including antibody secretion studies and antitumoral drug studies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000784 interleukin-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000783 cytokine This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is interleukin-2, a cytokine made by a type of T lymphocyte. It increases the growth and activity of other T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes, and affects the development of the immune system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000786 PRObR1 cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000785 PROb cells A rat cell line (PROb 5-FU-resistant subline) derived from colonic adenocarcinoma PROb cells. The R1 cell line was established from PROb cells by in vivo and in vitro adaptation to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), an anticancer drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000797 Y-27632 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000970 protein kinase inhibitor A monocarboxylic acid amide that is trans-[(1R)-1-aminoethyl]cyclohexanecarboxamide in which one of the nitrogens of the aminocarbony group is substituted by a pyridine nucleus. It is a cell-permeable, reversible inhibitor of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) enzyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000804 laser therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000045 electromagnetic radiation exposure Any biomedical use of lasers for purposes designed to improve the state of the subject. Light from a laser is tuned to specific wavelengths and is a beam of coherent electromagnetic radiation usually in the ultraviolet, visible, or infrared regions of the spectrum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000807 tetrahydrocurcumin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000271 antioxidant A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. It is is a major herbal antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000808 DL-α-aminoadipate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000240 toxin Any condition in which the main influencing factor is DL-α-aminoadipate. This excitatory amino acid analogue is an intermediate in the principal biosynthetic pathway of lysine. It is a also an inhibitor of glutamine synthetase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000815 leg-out partial body irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000814 partial body irradiation This is a condition/model system that features partial body irradiation (PBI) delivering a high dose of radiation to most of the body, and a small fraction of that dose to one leg of the subject. It allows the study of multi-organ radiation injury while sparing the bone marrow from a lethal dose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000826 rat anti-Hu-MBP T cell line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000763 T cells Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of cultured cells derived from T cells prepared from the lymph nodes of rats immunized with human myelin basic protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000832 lensotomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation Any process involving manual and instrumental techniques for incision of a lens in the eye of an organism to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000849 positively charged liposome-entrapped doxorubicin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000781 positively charged liposomes An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is positively charged liposomes containing doxorubicin, a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic isolated from cultures of Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius and used as a chemotherapy medication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000857 vildagliptin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000407 hypoglycemic agent Any condition in which the main influencing factor is vildagliptin, a pyrrolidine-carbonitrile derivative and potent inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) that is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000861 control IgG monoclonal antibody http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000194 antibody A condition in which the main influencing factor is an isotype-matched (IgG) monoclonal antibody to provide a control for some target-specific monoclonal antibody. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000867 incision repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation A process in which manual and instrumental techniques are used to close a wound or surgical incision with sutures, staples, glue, or some other closure material. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000876 floxuridine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000657 antiviral agent This is an antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection. When administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000879 triamcinolone acetonide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000505 anti-inflammatory agent A synthetic glucocorticoid that is the 16,17-acetonide of triamcinolone. It is an anti-inflammatory agent used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000890 ionophore http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function A compound that facilitates transmission of an ion across a lipid barrier (as in a cell membrane) by combining with the ion or by increasing the permeability of the barrier to it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000891 phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000694 enzyme activator Phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate is a phorbol ester found in croton oil with very effective tumor promoting activity. It is a protein kinase C agonist and stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000899 hydrochlorothiazide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000122 diuretic This is a thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000900 controlled hydrochlorothiazide content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of hydrochlorothiazide in which the amount of hydrochlorothiazide consumed is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000902 controlled candesartan content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of candesartan in which the amount of candesartan consumed is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000904 controlled resveratrol content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of resveratrol in which the amount of resveratrol consumed is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000905 castor oil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000774 oil Any condition in which the main influencing factor is castor oil, a mixture of triglycerides obtained by pressing the seeds of the castor oil plant, Ricinus communis It is used as a cathartic and as a plasticizer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000906 ovalbumin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000193 peptide/protein Any condition in which the main influencing factor is ovalbumin, the main protein found in egg white. Ovalbumin displays sequence and three-dimensional homology to the serpin superfamily, but unlike most serpins it is not a serine protease inhibitor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000907 liraglutide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000407 hypoglycemic agent Any condition in which the main influencing factor is liraglutide, a lipopeptide that is an analogue of human GLP-1 and an agonist of the GLP-1 receptor. Liraglutide is used as a hypoglycemic agent and supplemental therapy in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000909 potassium salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000150 potassium ion A condition in which the main influencing factor is any alkali metal salt having potassium(1+) as the cation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000913 ethosuximide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000269 calcium channel inhibitor Any condition in which the main influencing factor is ethosuximide, a dicarboximide that is pyrrolidine-2,5-dione in which the hydrogens at position 3 are substituted by one methyl and one ethyl group. Ethosuximide is an antiepileptic used in the treatment of absence seizures and potentially myoclonic seizures, but is ineffective against tonic-clonic seizures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000914 cafeteria diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000019 solid diet A dietary regimen in which access to food is unlimited and consists of energy-dense, highly palatable food. The diet is technically undefined as to ratio of components, but recapitulates the orosensory properties (such as smell and texture) and palatability of foodstuffs that promote overconsumption (voluntary hyperphagia). It has been proven to not only increase body weight and induce obesity, but to also cause metabolic syndrome, severe diabetic symptoms, liver inflammation, and other metabolic dysregulations. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000917 distilled water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000021 water The clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O), purified by successive evaporation and condensation. It is experimentally provided for hydration or as a vehicle control for some dissolved substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000919 N-nitroso-N-methyl-4-aminobutyric acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000089 neoplasm-inducing chemical A nitrosamine that has methyl and 3-carboxypropyl substituents. It is a tobacco-derived nitrosamino acid that is a known animal and potential human carcinogen. It induces bladder transitional cell carcinomas in rats and has recently been identified as a contaminant in certain blood pressure medications. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000921 controlled zinc content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000920 controlled mineral content diet A regimen of solid food in which the amount of zinc is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000922 semaxanib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000259 disease-inducing chemical An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethylpyrrol-2-yl group. It has been used to produce pulmonary arterial hypertension in animal models. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000923 isolated lung perfusion with Hespan buffer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000875 isolated lung perfusion This is an experimental condition consisting of right or left thoracotomy with cannulation of pulmonary artery and vein, perfusion via artery with Hespan buffer, and collection of effluent from pulmonary vein to prevent systemic circulation of treatment or vehicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000924 isolated lung perfusion with floxuridine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000875 isolated lung perfusion This is an experimental condition consisting of right or left thoracotomy with cannulation of pulmonary artery and vein, perfusion via artery with a solution containing floxuridine, and collection of effluent from pulmonary vein to prevent systemic circulation of treatment or vehicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000925 bumetanide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000122 diuretic Bumetanide is a member of the class of benzoic acids, and a diuretic used for treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, hepatic and renal disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000926 polyethylene glycol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000927 hydroxypolyether This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a polyether compound, composed of repeating ethyleneoxy units, and derived from petroleum. Polyethylene glycol has many applications, including medical uses like in the composition of some laxatives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000927 hydroxypolyether http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure A hydroxyether compound containing more than one ether group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000930 renal denervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000373 surgical denervation This is the resection or complete surgical removal of the nerves that convey impulses between the central nervous system and the kidneys. It is followed by painting of the renal blood vessels with a solution of 10% phenol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000932 vasopressin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000228 peptide hormone This is a family of cyclic nonapeptide hormones found in most mammals. Synthesized in the hypothalamus and stored in the post-pituitary, vasopressins play a key role in homeostasis, particularly in regulating the body's water content. Vasopressin acts as a vasoconstrictor to increase blood pressure, blood volume, and water reabsorption by the renal collecting ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000933 argipressin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000932 vasopressin This molecule is the predominant form of mammalian vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). It is a nonapeptide containing an arginine at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000934 bilateral renal denervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000930 renal denervation This is the resection or complete surgical removal of the nerves that convey impulses between the central nervous system and both kidneys. It is followed by painting of the renal blood vessels with a solution of 10% phenol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000935 unilateral renal denervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000930 renal denervation This is the resection or complete surgical removal of the nerves that convey impulses between the central nervous system and only one kidney, left or right. It is followed by painting of the renal blood vessels with a solution of 10% phenol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000936 left kidney denervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000935 unilateral renal denervation This is the resection or complete surgical removal of the nerves that convey impulses between the central nervous system and the kidney on the left side of the body. It is followed by painting of the left side renal blood vessels with a solution of 10% phenol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000937 right kidney denervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000935 unilateral renal denervation This is the resection or complete surgical removal of the nerves that convey impulses between the central nervous system and the kidney on the right side of the body. It is followed by painting of the right side renal blood vessels with a solution of 10% phenol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000938 bovine serum albumin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000193 peptide/protein This is a serum albumin protein derived from cow blood. It is used as an enzyme-stabilizing agent, a blocking reagent, etc. for laboratory experiments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000939 JTT-608 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000407 hypoglycemic agent This is a hypoglycemic drug which enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000941 controlled ex vivo pancreas perfusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000940 controlled ex vivo pancreas condition This is an experimental condition consisting of perfusion of the isolated pancreas with some physiological buffer (consisting of controlled solute composition and specific flow rate) in through the celiac artery and out through a portal vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000944 controlled alendronate content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of alendronate in which the amount of alendronate consumed is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000947 NMDA receptor antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is a drug or agent that inhibits the action of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. They tend to induce a state known as dissociative anesthesia, marked by catalepsy, amnesia, and analgesia, while side effects can include hallucinations, nightmares, and confusion. Due to their psychotomimetic effects, many NMDA receptor antagonists are used as recreational drugs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000948 Ro 25-6981 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000947 NMDA receptor antagonist This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is a member of the class of piperidines that is 4-benzylpiperidine substituted by a 3-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropyl group at position 1 (the 1R,2S-stereoisomer). It is a potent antagonist of the GluN2B subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000950 anticonvulsant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a drug or agent used to prevent seizures or reduce their severity. Anticonvulsants suppress the excessive rapid firing of neurons during seizures and prevent the spread of the seizure within the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000951 2,3-Dioxo-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is an AMPA and KA receptor antagonist and a neuroprotectant for cerebral ischemia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000953 controlled reserpine content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of reserpine consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Reserpine is an indole alkaloid which irreversibly blocks the vesicular monoamine transporters (VMATs), SLC18A1 and SLC18A2, and has been used as both an antihypertensive drug and an antipsychotic drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000955 controlled glucosamine - alendronate content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000943 controlled glucosamine content drinking water This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of glucosamine - alendronate in which the amount of glucosamine - alendronate consumed is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000956 artificial cerebrospinal fluid with 0.14 M sodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000830 artificial cerebrospinal fluid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) with a concentration of 0.14 M sodium ions. Artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) is a buffer solution prepared with a composition representative of cerebrospinal fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000957 artificial cerebrospinal fluid with 0.15 M sodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000830 artificial cerebrospinal fluid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) with a concentration of 0.15 M sodium ions. Artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) is a buffer solution prepared with a composition representative of cerebrospinal fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000958 artificial cerebrospinal fluid with 0.16 M sodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000830 artificial cerebrospinal fluid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) with a concentration of 0.16 M sodium ions. Artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) is a buffer solution prepared with a composition representative of cerebrospinal fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000960 10% CO2, 20% O2, 70% N2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000012 air carbon dioxide content This is a condition in which the level of carbon dioxide (10%), oxygen (20%), and nitrogen (70%) in the air surrounding the organism or breathed by the organism is controlled as part of the experiment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000963 controlled NG-nitroarginine methyl ester content in acidified drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000285 controlled NG-nitroarginine methyl ester content drinking water This is a drink made up of acidified water (pH 2.4-2.8) and a specified amount of the basic amino acid commonly known as L-NAME and used as a non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000964 perfluorooctanoic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000089 neoplasm-inducing chemical This is is perfluorinated octanoic acid, a fluoroalkanoic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000965 controlled in vitro cell condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition This is any experimental condition in which cells derived from a multicellular organism are cultured and experimentally manipulated or regulated, for example through drug treatment or nutrient availability, in an artificial environment outside the living body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000966 controlled serum-free condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000965 controlled in vitro cell condition This is any experimental condition in which cultured cells are grown in a defined medium without added animal serum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000967 gastric bypass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation This is is a type of weight-loss surgery that involves creating a small pouch from the stomach and connecting the newly created pouch directly to the small intestine. After gastric bypass, swallowed food will go into this small pouch of stomach and then directly into the small intestine, thereby bypassing most of the stomach and the first section of the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000968 experimental traumatic brain injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation This is a condition induced by an experimental surgical procedure involving fluid percussion, cortical impact, or weight drop/impact acceleration to produce controlled injury to the surface of the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000969 lateral fluid percussion injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000968 experimental traumatic brain injury This is an experimental injury condition produced by a pendulum-and-piston-based device applying a brief fluid pressure pulse onto the intact dura after performing a craniectomy on the head of the subject. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000970 protein kinase inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000523 enzyme inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical which decreases or interferes with the activity of a protein kinase inhibitor. A protein kinase is an enzyme that regulates the biological activity of proteins by phosphorylation of specific amino acids with ATP as the source of phosphate, thereby inducing a conformational change from an inactive to an active form of the protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000971 SB525334 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000970 protein kinase inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the chemical SB525334, which decreases or interferes with the activity of the serine/threonine protein kinase Alk5 (activin receptor-like kinase-5). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000972 nintedanib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the chemical nintedanib, a member of the class of oxindoles that is a multi-kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and cancer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000973 sorafenib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the chemical sorafenib, a member of the class of phenylureas that are multi-kinase inhibitors and anti-neoplastic agents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000974 bile duct ligation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is a surgical procedure causing blockage of the bile duct, which leads to acute obstructive jaundice and eventually to liver fibrosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000975 carbon tetrachloride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000240 toxin This chlorocarbon is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups. It is a solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000976 trichlorethylene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000276 hydrocarbon This is a chloroethene that is ethene substituted by chlorides at positions 1, 1 and 2. It is a highly volatile inhalation anesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000977 supplemented Williams' E Medium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000965 controlled in vitro cell condition This is any experimental condition in which cells derived from a multicellular organism are cultured in medium enriched in amino acids, glucose, and other unique ingredients and supplemented with dexamethasone, penicillin/streptomycin, ITS+, GlutaMAX and HEPES; Gibco #CM4000. William's E Medium was originally developed by Williams and Gunn as reduced serum-supplemented medium for long-term cell cultures of adult rat liver epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000978 acetyl-L-carnitine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000561 antidepressant This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an acetylated form of L-carnitine. It is naturally produced by the human body, and it is available as a dietary supplement. Acetyl-L-carnitine is broken down in the blood by plasma esterases to carnitine which is used by the body to transport fatty acids into the mitochondria for breakdown. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000979 controlled acetyl-L-carnitine content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of acetyl-L-carnitine in which the amount of acetyl-L-carnitine consumed is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000980 controlled content gelled diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000916 gelled diet This is an experimental regimen of gelled food in which the amount of solid elements, water, and some other component(s) in the diet are controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000981 controlled lithium chloride content gelled diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000980 controlled content gelled diet This is an experimental regimen of gelled food in which the amount of solid elements, water, and lithium chloride in the diet are controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000982 gene transfer using lentivirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000528 gene transfer This is a condition in which gene transfer has been performed using a lentivirus as the carrier of the genetic material. Lentivirus is a genus of retroviruses that cause chronic and deadly diseases characterized by long incubation periods, in humans and other mammalian species. Lentiviruses are distributed worldwide, and are known to be hosted in apes, cows, goats, horses, cats, and sheep as well as several other mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000983 gene transfer of the EGFP gene using a lentivirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000982 gene transfer using lentivirus vector This is a condition in which the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using an lentivirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of EGFP in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000984 gene transfer of the rat wild type Ccny gene using a lentivirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000982 gene transfer using lentivirus vector This is a condition in which the rat wild type cyclin Y gene (Ccny) has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using a lentivirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of rat cyclin Y in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000985 transfer of rat wild type Ccny-specific shRNA using a lentivirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000233 ribonucleic acid This is a condition in which the rat wild type cyclin Y gene short hairpin RNA (Ccny-shRNA) has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using a lentivirus carrier in order to reduce synthesis of rat wild type cyclin Y in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000986 transfer of the rat wild type Ccny-specific shRNA and EGFP gene using a lentivirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000985 transfer of rat wild type Ccny-specific shRNA using a lentivirus vector This is a condition in which the rat wild type cyclin Y gene short hairpin RNA (Ccny-shRNA) and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene have been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using a lentivirus carrier in order to reduce synthesis of rat wild type cyclin Y while inducing EGFP synthesis in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000987 gene transfer of the rat wild type Ccny gene and EGFP gene using a lentivirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000984 gene transfer of the rat wild type Ccny gene using a lentivirus vector This is a condition in which the rat wild type cyclin Y gene (Ccny-WT) and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene have been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using a lentivirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of both rat wild type cyclin Y and EGFP in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000988 Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000966 controlled serum-free condition This is any experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium. Typically, cells derived from a multicellular organism are cultured in this synthetic medium originally formulated by Dulbecco and Freeman and based on Eagle's Minimal Essential Medium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000990 Neurobasal medium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000966 controlled serum-free condition This is any experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is Neurobasal medium, a culture medium formulated to meet the special requirements of neuronal cells. This medium allows for the long-term maintenance of normal phenotype and growth of neuronal cells, and the maintenance of pure populations of neuronal cells without the need of an astrocyte feeder layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000993 controlled humidity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000009 controlled atmosphere composition This is any experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a controlled level of moisture in the air provided to an organism, ex vivo tissue, or cultured cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000994 StemPro NSC SFM http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000966 controlled serum-free condition This is any experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is StemPro NSC SFM, a serum-free culture medium formulated to meet the special requirements of neuronal stem cells. This medium supports expansion of both adherent and spheroid cultures, and differentiation capability into astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000996 transfer of CHAER1 siRNA using Lipofectamine reagent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000528 gene transfer This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is CHAER1 (cardiac hypertrophy associated epigenetic regulator 1) siRNA transfected by Lipofectamine. CHAER1 is an ncRNA involved in epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Lipofectamine is a proprietary formulation for transfecting small RNAs into cultured eukaryotic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000997 transfer of negative control siRNA using Lipofectamine reagent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000233 ribonucleic acid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is negative control siRNA delivered with Lipofectamine. Negative control siRNA is an siRNA with no significant sequence similarity to eukaryotic gene sequences. Lipofectamine is a proprietary formulation for transfecting small RNAs into cultured eukaryotic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000998 controlled breathing condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is control of the process of breathing, whether by the control of the volume of air breathed or by control of the contents of the breathed air. This may be for the treatment of disease or for the experimental study of physiology or pathology. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000999 mechanical ventilation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000998 controlled breathing condition This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is control of the process of breathing by a mechanical ventilator. The controlled parameters may be volume, pressure, and/or air component content. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001000 mechanical ventilation with assist/control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000999 mechanical ventilation This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is control of the process of breathing by a mechanical ventilator with assist/control (A/C), meaning the breathing rate is set and the tidal volume or pressure is set. When the subject triggers a breath, a full set tidal volume (or pressure) breath is delivered. When the vent delivers a subject-triggered breath, the next breath is timed in relation to this. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001001 synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000999 mechanical ventilation This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is control of the process of breathing by a mechanical ventilator with synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation, meaning the breathing rate is set and the tidal volume is set with pressure support. The subject receives a set minimum number of breaths (the set rate) and any additional breaths are determined by the subject. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001002 variable ventilation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000999 mechanical ventilation This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is control of the process of breathing by a mechanical ventilator using variable tidal volume, or variable pressure support, and/or variable respiratory rate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001003 magnetic field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000965 controlled in vitro cell condition This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a magnetic field, a vector field in the neighborhood of a magnet, electric current, or changing electric field in which magnetic forces are observable. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001004 uniform magnetic field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001003 magnetic field This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a uniform magnetic field. A uniform magnetic field may be generated by an apparatus such as a Halbach cylinder. A Halbach cylinder is a magnetized cylinder composed of ferromagnetic material which can produce a uniform magnetic field across a plate of cultured cells which is surrounded by the cylinder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001005 transfer of PIWIL1 siRNA using pSUPER plasmid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000233 ribonucleic acid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is PIWIL1 (piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 1) siRNA. The PIWIL1 protein may play important roles in stem cell self-renewal, RNA silencing, and translational regulation in diverse organisms. The pSUPER plasmid was designed for eukaryotic expression/RNAi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001006 transfer of negative control siRNA using pSUPER plasmid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000233 ribonucleic acid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is negative control siRNA delivered with a pSUPER plasmid. Negative control siRNA is an siRNA with no significant sequence similarity to eukaryotic gene sequences and may be a scrambled version of the experimental siRNA used. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001007 transfer of negative control shRNA using a lentiviral vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000233 ribonucleic acid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is negative control shRNA delivered with a lentivirus vector. Negative control shRNA is an shRNA with no significant sequence similarity to eukaryotic gene sequences and may be a scrambled version of the experimental shRNA used. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001008 transfer of Pum2 shRNA using a lentiviral vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000233 ribonucleic acid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Pum2 (pumilio RNA-binding family member 2) shRNA. Pum2 is a protein that exhibits lncRNA binding, miRNA binding, and mRNA 3'-UTR binding. Pum2 is involved in negative regulation of gene expression and regulation of intracellular mRNA localization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001009 Media 199 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000966 controlled serum-free condition This is any experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is M199 medium, which is useful across a wide range of species and applications but is particularly suitable for the culturing of non-transformed cells. M199 medium ingredients may include Earle’s salts and a bicarbonate/carbonic acid buffering system for the maintenance of pH in a CO2 incubator or Hank’s salts with salt solutions designed for atmospheric equilibrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001010 glutamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000119 amino acid This is any experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is glutamine, an alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4. Glutamine is used as a supplement in cell culture media. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001012 gene transfer of the rat Rbpms gene using a lentivirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000982 gene transfer using lentivirus vector This is a condition in which the rat Rbpms (RNA binding protein, mRNA processing factor) gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using a lentivirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of Rbpms in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001013 transfer of rat RBPMS siRNA using a lentivirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000233 ribonucleic acid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is rat RBPMS (RNA binding protein, mRNA processing factor)-specific siRNA. This siRNA has been transferred into a cell or organism using a lentivirus carrier in order to block synthesis of RBPMS in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001014 transfer of negative control siRNA using a lentiviral vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000233 ribonucleic acid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is negative control siRNA delivered with a lentivirus vector. Negative control siRNA is an siRNA with no significant sequence similarity to eukaryotic gene sequences and may be a scrambled version of the experimental siRNA used. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001015 myectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000026 surgical removal This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is creating a volumetric muscle loss (VML) of 20% or more of the total amount of mass in the targeted muscle through surgical removal (myectomy). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001016 minced muscle graft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000027 surgical implantation This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is implantation of a minced muscle graft. It is a surgical procedure intended to induce healing of a skeletal muscle injured by volumetric muscle loss. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001017 cocaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000141 vasoconstrictor This is a bitter crystalline alkaloid C17H21NO4 obtained from coca leaves that is used especially in the form of its hydrochloride medically as a topical anesthetic and illicitly for its euphoric effects and that may result in a compulsive psychological need. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001018 WIN 55,212-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000269 calcium channel inhibitor This is an organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5-methyl-3-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-hi]indole substituted at position 6 by a 1-naphthylcarbonyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001019 olanzapine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is olanzapine, a benzodiazepine derivative that binds SEROTONIN RECEPTORS; MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTORS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-1 RECEPTORS; and DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. It is an antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER; and MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; it may also reduce nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001020 docosahexaenoic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000776 fatty acid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is docosahexaenoic acid, a C22 polyunsaturated fatty acid containing six double bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001021 controlled docosahexaenoic acid content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a solid diet in which the amount of docosahexaenoic acid, a C22 polyunsaturated fatty acid containing six double bonds, is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001022 flaxseed oil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000774 oil This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is flaxseed oil, an edible oil in demand as a dietary supplement, as a source of α-Linolenic acid, an omega-3 fatty acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001023 controlled flaxseed oil content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000454 controlled oil content diet This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a solid diet in which the amount of flaxseed oil, an edible oil rich in α-Linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid), is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001024 BNTA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000505 anti-inflammatory agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is BNTA, a small molecule with ECM modulatory and anti-inflammatory properties that is a potential therapeutic agent for osteoarthritis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001025 UNC0638 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is UNC0638, a histone methyltransferase Inhibitor that is a trial drug for cancer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001026 spinal nerve ligation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the tight ligation of one or more segmental spinal nerves at a point before the spinal nerve joins a common nerve (most commonly: ligation of L5 and/or L6 nerves which, with L4, make up the sciatic nerve in rats). This is a model of chronic neuropathic pain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001027 gene transfer of the Rpl10a gene using a lentivirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000982 gene transfer using lentivirus vector This is a condition in which the Rpl10a (ribosomal protein L10A) gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using a lentivirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of Rpl10a in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001028 gene transfer of the EYFP gene using a lentivirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000982 gene transfer using lentivirus vector This is a condition in which the enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using an lentivirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of EYFP in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001029 gene transfer of the Rpl10a gene and EYFP gene using a lentivirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001028 gene transfer of the EYFP gene using a lentivirus vector This is a condition in which the Rpl10a (ribosomal protein L10A) gene and enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) gene have been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using a lentivirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of both rat wild type cyclin Y and EGFP in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001030 acupuncture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is acupuncture, a technique in which practitioners insert fine needles into the skin to treat health problems. The needles may be manipulated manually or stimulated with small electrical currents (electroacupuncture). Acupuncture has been in use in some form for at least 2,500 years. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001031 electroacupuncture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001030 acupuncture This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is electroacupuncture, a form of acupuncture where a small electric current is passed between pairs of acupuncture needles. According to some acupuncturists, this practice augments the use of regular acupuncture, can restore health and well-being, and is particularly good for treating pain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001032 human neural progenitor cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is neural progenitor cells, which are isolated from embryonic or fetal CNS tissue and can be expanded in culture for prolonged periods using genetic or epigenetic approaches. Expanded cells have the capacity to differentiate into neurons, oligodendrocytes, or astrocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001033 balanced salt solution cell carrying medium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000154 ion/salt solution This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a balanced salt solution-based medium for the delivery of a suspension of cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001034 hawk tea extract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000271 antioxidant This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is hawk tea extract (HTE), a potential cholesterol-lowering agent and antioxidant. Hawk tea is a medicinal herbal and caffeine-free drink popular in China. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001035 controlled HTE content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of hawk tea extract consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Hawk tea extract is a potential cholesterol-lowering agent and antioxidant. Hawk tea is a traditional herbal and caffeine-free drink popular in China. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001036 peripheral myelin protein 2 peptide 53-78 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000290 peripheral myelin protein 2 This is any condition in which the major influencing factor is the peptide (TESPFKNTEISFKLGQEFEETTADNR) representing residues 53 to 78 of peripheral myelin protein 2, a fatty acid and cholesterol binding protein which together with myelin basic protein constitutes a major fraction of the peripheral nervous system myelin proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001037 Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001212 bacteria This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (a high G+C gram-positive bacteria) introduced externally or internally, alive or dead, to a subject to effect a change in phenotype of the subject http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001038 PBS-filled liposomes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000780 liposomes This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is PBS-filled liposomes, artificial vesicles composed of one or more concentric phospholipid bilayers and containing phosphate buffered saline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001039 Clodronate-filled liposomes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000648 clodronic acid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is clodronate-filled liposomes, artificial vesicles composed of one or more concentric phospholipid bilayers and containing clodronate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001040 (R)-lipoic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000777 lipoic acid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is (R)-lipoic acid, the (R)-enantiomer of lipoic acid. Lipoic acid is a vitamin-like, C8 thia fatty acid with anti-oxidant properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001041 experimental spinal cord contusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001091 experimental spinal cord injury This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an experimental surgical procedure involving laminectomy and delivery of a controlled contusion of the spinal cord by a mechanical apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001042 T9 spinal cord contusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001041 experimental spinal cord contusion This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an experimental surgical procedure involving laminectomy of the ninth thoracic vertebra and delivery of a controlled contusion of the spinal cord by a mechanical apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001043 laminectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000026 surgical removal This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is surgical removal of the lamina (dorsal part of vertebra) of one or more vertebrae. This procedure can serve as sham condition for a spinal cord contusion study. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001044 T9 laminectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001043 laminectomy This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is surgical removal of the lamina (dorsal part of vertebra) of the ninth thoracic vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001045 Walker 256 cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000709 cancer cells This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Walker 256, a rat mammary gland carcinoma cell line. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001046 Dnmt3a gapmer antisense oligonucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000234 deoxyribonucleic acid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a Dnmt3a gapmer (Dnmt3a-targeting antisense oligonucleotide). Gapmers are mRNA-targeting, short DNA antisense oligonucleotide structures with RNA-like segments on both sides of the sequence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001047 Tet3 gapmer antisense oligonucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000234 deoxyribonucleic acid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a Tet3 gapmer (Tet3-targeting antisense oligonucleotide). Gapmers are mRNA-targeting, short DNA antisense oligonucleotide structures with RNA-like segments on both sides of the sequence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001048 scrambled gapmer antisense oligonucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000585 scrambled control oligodeoxynucleotide This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a negative control gapmer. A negative control gapmer is a gapmer with no significant sequence similarity to eukaryotic gene sequences and may be a scrambled version of the experimental gapmer used. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001049 nicotine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000496 neurotoxin This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is nicotine, a highly toxic alkaloid. Nicotine is a racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nicotine. It is the prototypical agonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptors where it dramatically stimulates neurons and ultimately blocks synaptic transmission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001051 controlled soy protein isolate content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a solid diet in which the amount of soy protein isolate, usually containing 85%–90% protein (dry basis), is maintained at a specified level. Soy protein isolates (SPI) are prepared by separating the fibers and insoluble carbohydrates from soy protein concentrate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001052 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside that has formula C8H12N4O4. 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine is a chemotherapeutic pyrimidine nucleoside analogue that integrates into cellular DNA and inhibits the action of DNA methyltransferases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001053 surgical closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is closure of a wound, body parts, or anatomical orifices by the use of sutures, staples, or surgical adhesive/sealant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001054 Qingda granule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000863 antihypertensive agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Qingda granule, derived from Qingxuan Jiangya Decoction (QXJYD), which has been in usage for a long time as a traditional Chinese medicine formula. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001055 luteolin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000470 flavonoid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is luteolin, a tetrahydroxyflavone in which the four hydroxy groups are located at positions 3', 4', 5 and 7. It is thought to play an important role in the human body as an antioxidant, a free radical scavenger, an anti-inflammatory agent and an immune system modulator as well as being active against several cancers. Luteolin is a common flavonoid abundantly present in several plant products, including broccoli, pepper, thyme, and celery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001056 methylglyoxal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000561 antidepressant This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is methylglyoxal, a 2-oxo aldehyde derived from propanal. Methylglyoxal is an organic compound used often as a reagent in organic synthesis, as a flavoring agent, in tanning and as an experimental antidepressant. It has been demonstrated as an intermediate in the metabolism of acetone and its derivatives in isolated cell preparations, in various culture media, and in vivo in certain animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001057 corticosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000229 steroid hormone This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is corticosterone, a 21-carbon adrenocortical steroid hormone that has modest but significant activities as both a mineralocorticoid and a glucocorticoid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001058 controlled corticosterone content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of corticosterone in which the amount of corticosterone consumed is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001059 controlled content saline drink http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000156 0.9% sodium chloride solution This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of saline (0.9% sodium chloride solution) and a specified amount of one or more solutes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001060 controlled corticosterone content saline drink http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001059 controlled content saline drink This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride) and a specified amount of corticosterone in which the amount of corticosterone consumed is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001061 oligosaccharide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000172 carbohydrate This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an oligosaccharide, a compound in which a small number of monosaccharide units (2-10) are joined by alpha- or beta-glycosidic linkages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001062 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001061 oligosaccharide This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, a hydroxypropyl-substituted heptasaccharide made up of a ring of seven glucose subunits joined by α-1,4 glycosidic bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001063 pinealectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000026 surgical removal This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the surgical excision of the pineal body, a midline, cone-like structure located in the dorso-caudal roof of the 3rd ventricle, attached by peduncles to the habenular and posterior commissures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001064 5/6 nephrectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000017 nephrectomy This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a 5/6 nephrectomy, which is an experimental procedure performed to produce an animal model of chronic kidney disease in rodents. Typically, the right kidney is removed and the poles of the left kidney are removed to produce a total renal system which is 1/6 of original capacity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001065 scrambled control LNA-modified oligonucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000233 ribonucleic acid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a control locked nucleic acid (LNA)–modified oligonucleotide with a non-specific scrambled sequence. A locked nucleic acid (LNA), also known as bridged nucleic acid (BNA), and often referred to as inaccessible RNA, is a modified RNA nucleotide in which the ribose moiety is modified with an extra bridge connecting the 2' oxygen and 4' carbon. LNAs provide structural stability and nuclease resistance to the oligonucleotide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001066 LNA-modified anti–rno-miR-21-5p oligonucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000233 ribonucleic acid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a control locked nucleic acid (LNA)–modified oligonucleotide with an anti–rat miR-21-5p sequence. A locked nucleic acid (LNA), also known as bridged nucleic acid (BNA), and often referred to as inaccessible RNA, is a modified RNA nucleotide in which the ribose moiety is modified with an extra bridge connecting the 2' oxygen and 4' carbon. LNAs provide structural stability and nuclease resistance to the oligonucleotide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001067 nitroglycerin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000140 vasodilator This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is nitroglycerin, a volatile vasodilator which relieves angina pectoris by stimulating guanylate cyclase and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for tocolysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001068 sleep http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is sleep, the natural, easily reversible periodic state of many living things that is marked by the absence of wakefulness and by the loss of consciousness of one's surroundings, is accompanied by a typical body posture (such as lying down with the eyes closed), the occurrence of dreaming, and changes in brain activity and physiological functioning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001069 sleep restriction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001068 sleep This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is sleep restriction, a state caused by inadequate quantity or quality of sleep, including voluntary or involuntary sleeplessness and circadian rhythm sleep. Sleep restriction may be caused by stress, school or job requirements, poor sleeping habits, or an experimentally arranged situation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001070 papain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000176 enzyme This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is papain, a cysteine protease present in papaya (Carica papaya) and mountain papaya (Vasconcellea cundinamarcensis). In addition to experimental uses in biology research, it has wide ranging commercial applications in the leather, cosmetic, textiles, detergents, food and pharmaceutical industries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001071 L-cysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000119 amino acid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is L-cysteine, an optically active form of cysteine having the L-configuration at the alpha-carbon. It is a thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form cystine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001072 gene transfer of the sTGFβR2 gene using an adenovirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000529 gene transfer using adenovirus vector This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the soluble transforming growth factor-beta receptor 2 gene (sTGFβR2) which has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using an adenovirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001073 gene transfer of the KL gene using an adenovirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000529 gene transfer using adenovirus vector This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the klotho gene (KL) which has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using an adenovirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001074 ureter ligation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is an experimental surgical procedure causing blockage of one or both ureters. Ureters are the muscular ducts that propel urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001075 unilateral ureter ligation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001074 ureter ligation This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is an experimental surgical procedure causing blockage of one ureter. Unilateral ureter ligation is used in experimental animals to create a model of unilateral ureteral obstruction and renal fibrosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001076 bilateral ureter ligation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001074 ureter ligation This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is an experimental surgical procedure causing blockage of both ureters. Bilateral ureter ligation (BUL) is used in experimental animals to create a model of renal failure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001077 bisphenol F http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000396 phenolic/phenol derivative This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is bisphenol F, an organic compound with the chemical formula (HOC6H4)2CH2. It is structurally related to bisphenol A (BPA), a popular precursor for forming plastics, as both belong to the category of molecules known as bisphenols, which feature two phenol groups connected via a linking group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001078 controlled bisphenol F content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is bisphenol F in a drink made up of water and a specified amount of bisphenol F consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Bisphenol F is an organic compound with the chemical formula (HOC6H4)2CH2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001275 unpredictable chronic mild stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001265 stress This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is unpredictable chronic mild stress, an experimental model of depression that involves exposing laboratory animals (usually mice or rats) at unpredictable times over several weeks to a series of minor-intensity stressors. This process results in the development of a number of behavioral alterations in a large majority of animals, including anhedonia (loss of pleasure) and apathy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001276 bromobenzene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001231 solvent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is bromobenzene, the simplest member of the class of bromobenzenes, that is benzene in which a single hydrogen has been substituted by a bromine. Bromobenzene is used as a solvent, particularly for large-scale crystallizations, and for the introduction of phenyl groups in organic synthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001277 nicotinamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000271 antioxidant This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is nicotinamide, a pyridine derivative that is a component of the coenzyme NAD, a form of vitamin B3, an antioxidant, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, and an anti-inflammatory agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001278 controlled nicotinamide content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of nicotinamide, in which the amount of nicotinamide consumed is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001279 partial bladder outlet obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is partial bladder outlet obstruction, an experimental constriction of the neck of the urinary bladder to restrict urine flow and model changes that occur in clinical bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). Partial bladder outlet obstruction may be achieved surgically by passing a catheter through the urethra into the bladder, suturing around the neck of the bladder, and removing the catheter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001286 von Frey monofilament stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000052 tactile stimulus This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a Von Frey monofilament stimulus, usually encountered in a Von Frey assay, which is used to evaluate mechanical allodynia in laboratory rodents. The von Frey test, which may be manual or electronic, uses von Frey monofilaments (hair or fibers), which are small pieces of nylon rod, approximately 50 mm in length, and of varying diameters, to test a rodent's sensitivity to punctate mechanical pressure on the plantar surface of a rear paw. Von Frey filaments are able to deliver force in the range of 0.08 to 2940 mN. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001287 hot plate stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000052 tactile stimulus This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a hot plate stimulus, usually encountered by laboratory rodents in thermal hyperalgesia testing. The hot plate test is a useful screening tool for interventions of analgesia and involves placing the subject on its feet on a temperature-regulatable hot plate inside a cylindrical chamber. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001288 acetone drop stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000052 tactile stimulus This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an acetone drop stimulus, usually encountered in a test used to measure cold allodynia behavior in the experimental subject, typically a rodent. The test involves applying a small drop (50 - 100 ul) of acetone to the mid-plantar area of the hind paw and recording the resulting behavior for one minute. The skin temperature of the subject drops ~3 - 5 degrees during the test. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001289 tenotomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is tenotomy, any process involving transcutaneous or surgical techniques for incision of a tendon to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition. Tenotomy may involve needle puncture, incision, or complete transection of a tendon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001290 Achilles tendon transection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001289 tenotomy This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Achilles tendon transection, a process involving a surgical technique for complete transection of the calcaneal and plantaris tendon to investigate tendon healing in an experimental animal model. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001291 particulate matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is particulate matter (particle pollution), a mixture of inhalable, solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air. The size of particulate matter ranges from visible to microscopic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001293 PM2.5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001291 particulate matter This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is PM2.5, which is particulate matter consisting of fine inhalable particles, with diameters that are generally 2.5 micrometers and smaller. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001294 PM10 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001291 particulate matter This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is PM10, which is particulate matter consisting of inhalable particles, with diameters that are generally 10 micrometers and smaller. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001295 gingerol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000482 antimicrobial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is gingerol, a beta-hydroxy ketone that is 5-hydroxydecan-3-one substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl moiety at position 1. Gingerol is a constituent of fresh ginger and other plants. Gingerol may have antifungal and antineoplastic properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001296 blood transfusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000761 biologics and probiotics This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is blood transfusion, an intravenous transfer of blood or blood components from one subject to another or from one subject back to the same subject (after treatment or storage of blood/blood product). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001297 autologous blood transfusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001296 blood transfusion This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is autologous blood transfusion, the intravenous reinfusion of blood or blood components to the same individual from whom they were taken. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001298 bleomycin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000482 antimicrobial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is bleomycin, a complex of related glycopeptide antibiotics from Streptomyces verticillus consisting of bleomycin A2 and B2. Bleomycin inhibits DNA metabolism and is used as an antineoplastic, especially for solid tumors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000544 vitamin D2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000543 vitamin D An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is vitamin D2, a type of vitamin D found in food and used as a dietary supplement. The D2 vitamer has been found to be less efficiently absorbed in the human intestine and/or less biologically active than the D3 vitamer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000543 vitamin D http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000377 vitamin A condition in which the main influencing factor is one or more closely related forms (vitamers) of vitamin D, a group of fat-soluble secosteroid vitamins (when ingested from dietary sources) and/or hormones (when produced by the skin in response to ultraviolet radiation). Vitamin D is involved in intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium and phosphate, and in calcium homeostasis and metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000767 Schistosoma mansoni http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000363 eukaryotic pathogen A condition in which the main influencing factor is Schistosoma mansoni, a trematode parasite that lives in certain types of freshwater snails. The infectious form of the parasite, known as cercariae, emerge from the snail into the water. Humans can become infected when skin comes in contact with contaminated freshwater. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000830 artificial cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000154 ion/salt solution Any condition in which the main influencing factor is artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), a buffer solution prepared with a composition representative of cerebrospinal fluid. It is used experimentally for rat brain microdialysis experiments, the culture of hippocampal tissue slices, or irrigation treatment of brain trauma lesions to supply oxygen, maintain osmolarity, and to buffer pH at biological levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001285 oxaliplatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is oxaliplatin, an organoplatinum complex that is a commonly used as a chemothrepeutic drug for treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000614 rolipram http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000523 enzyme inhibitor A phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor with antidepressant properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000615 embolism injection of middle cerebral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000347 blood vessel occlusion This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of a coagulated blood clot to the middle cerebral artery to induce an embolic stroke in an experimental subject. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000616 verapamil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000269 calcium channel inhibitor Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000617 quinidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000630 cholinergic antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is quinidine, a stereoisomer of quinine which dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels and potassium channels. Quinidine prolongs action potentials, blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission, and inhibits multiple enzymes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000618 sodium channel inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000222 cation channel inhibitor A class of drugs that act by inhibition of sodium influx through cell membranes. Blockade of sodium channels slows the rate and amplitude of initial rapid depolarization, reduces cell excitability, and reduces conduction velocity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000619 digoxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000139 vasoactive chemical A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin β-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000620 vinblastine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent Vinblastine is a natural alkaloid isolated from the plant Vinca rosea Linn. Vinblastine binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly and arrest of tumor cells in the M phase of the cell cycle. This agent may also interfere with amino acid, cyclic AMP, and glutathione metabolism; calmodulin-dependent Ca++ -transport ATPase activity; cellular respiration; and nucleic acid and lipid biosynthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000621 tritiated verapamil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000171 radioactively labeled chemical Verapamil hydrochloride, tritiated on the N-methyl group. Verapamil acts as a calcium channel blocker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000694 enzyme activator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000214 activator Any substance that combines with an enzyme to increase its catalytic activity. These molecules are often involved in the allosteric regulation of enzymes in the control of metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000789 methylcellulose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000511 ester This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is methylcellulose, a methylester of cellulose used as an emulsifying and suspending agent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and the chemical industry. It is used therapeutically as a bulk laxative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000856 resveratrol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000271 antioxidant A stilbenol that is stilbene in which the phenyl groups are substituted at positions 3, 5, and 4' by hydroxy groups. It is produced by various plants and has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, anti-mutagenic, and anti-carcinogenic properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000728 partial splenectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000727 splenectomy Surgical removal of a portion of the spleen, resulting in reduction but not elimination of the physiological functions of the spleen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000869 incision repair with biosuture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000867 incision repair A process in which manual and instrumental techniques are used to close a wound or surgical incision with biosutures. Biosutures are surgical sutures upon which stem cells have been grown in vitro. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000854 rat serum from subject bearing IR983F myeloma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000769 antiserum Any condition in which the main influencing factor is serum prepared from rats bearing subcutaneously injected IR983F myeloma cells. The serum is essentially control for antiserum from rats bearing IgE-producing hybridomas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000762 rat anti-Ab2 T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000763 T cells Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of T cells prepared from the lymph nodes of rats immunized with Ab2 antibodies. These Ab2 antibodies are antiidiotypic antibodies raised against anti-26 kDa (antigen secreted from schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni) IgE antibodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000730 endothelin receptor antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an agent that blocks one or more endothelin receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000740 housing with pathogen-infected subject http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000033 housing condition This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is housing with pathogen-infected subject(s), a situation in which at least one subject in the housing had a pathogenic infection during the time period leading up to the specified housing period. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000816 partial-body irradiation with 5% bone marrow sparing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000814 partial body irradiation Partial-body irradiation with 5% bone marrow sparing (tibiae, ankles, feet) is used to define acute radiation-induced GI-ARS, H-ARS, and acute kidney injury (AKI) as well as the delayed effects of acute radiation exposure (DEARE) characterized by prolonged GI, lung, and heart injury and chronic kidney injury (CKI). This condition/model system allows analysis of concomitant multi-organ sequelae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000912 controlled exposure to red light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000284 controlled visible light exposure Condition in which the environmental level and/or time of exposure to red light (wavelength range of 630–740 nm) is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000699 controlled GSK2181236A content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000697 GSK2181236A A regimen of solid food in which the amount of GSK2181236A consumed is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000702 thiazoles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains a N atom and one S atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000844 sodium phenobarbital http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000135 receptor agonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the sodium salt of phenobarbital (barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups). Sodium phenobarbital is an acvtivator of the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR; Nr1i3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000001 activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition The state of being involved in some action, either physical or mental. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000002 resting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000059 physical activity A state in which the organism is not exhibiting any physical exertion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000003 resting on treadmill http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000002 resting A state in which the organism is on an non-operating exercise machine in which there is an endless belt that moves when operational so that the organism can walk or run in place. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000004 walking on treadmill http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000007 walking The action of ambulation on an exercise apparatus with an endless moving belt on which the organism can walk in place. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000005 running on treadmill http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000008 running The act of rapidly moving the feet on an exercise apparatus with an endless belt that allows the user to perform the action of running in place. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000006 swimming http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000059 physical activity This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is swimming, the action of a subject moving it's appendages to propel itself through water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000007 walking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000059 physical activity This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is walking, the act of ambulation, moving oneself forward on legs or on an exercise apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000008 running http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000059 physical activity This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is running, the action of rapid movement of feet that propels the organism forward or is done on an exercise machine so that the organism performs the activity in place. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000009 controlled atmosphere composition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000998 controlled breathing condition An experimental condition in which the amount of one or more of the gases which make up the air surrounding an organism are controlled, or in which additional components are added to the air surrounding an organism, as part of the experiment on that organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000011 air temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000111 temperature exposure The degree of heat or cold of the air surrounding an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000013 diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition The food and drink consumed by an organism day to day. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000019 solid diet A regimen of solid food in which the amount of one or more elements of the diet are controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000015 controlled calorie content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A regimen of solid food in which the number of calories consumed is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000016 standard rat chow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000069 standard diet This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is standard rat chow, a laboratory foodstuff which typically has 380-390 kcal/100 g with 9-10% of calories derived from fat, 70-80% of calories derived from carbohydrate, and 10-15% of calories derived from protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000017 nephrectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000026 surgical removal Surgical removal of kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000018 bilateral nephrectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000017 nephrectomy Surgical removal of both kidneys. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000019 solid diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000013 diet The solid food that is consumed by an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000020 drink http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000013 diet A liquid consumed by an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000021 water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O). Water may be used for drinking, as a solvent, or as an environmental component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000022 controlled sodium content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A regimen of solid food in which the amount of sodium consumed is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000023 controlled ethanol content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of ethanol, the alcohol with chemical formula CH3-CH2-OH obtained from the fermentation of sugars and starches or by chemical synthesis which is the intoxicating ingredient of alcoholic beverages, for consumption by an organism in an experiment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000024 controlled iron content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000920 controlled mineral content diet A regimen of solid food in which the amount of iron consumed is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000025 controlled fat content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A regimen of solid food in which the amount of fat consumed is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000026 surgical removal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation The process of ablating or extracting all or part of an organ, gland or other body part from an organism as a medical or experimental procedure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000027 surgical implantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation Any insertion of a tissue, material or device into the body using a procedure involving incision into the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000028 caffeinated drink http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000020 drink A drink containing caffeine, one of the methylxanthines soluble in water and alcohol and obtainable from coffee, tea, guarana and mate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000029 controlled carbohydrate content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A regimen of solid food in which the amount of carbohydrates consumed is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000030 controlled protein content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A regimen of solid food in which the amount of protein consumed is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000031 controlled calcium content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A regimen of solid food in which the amount of calcium consumed is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000032 controlled potassium content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A regimen of solid food in which the amount of potassium consumed is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000038 radiation exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition The condition of being subjected to any type of energy transmitted by waves through space or through some medium or to a stream of particles, such as electrons or alpha particles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000039 ionizing radiation exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000045 electromagnetic radiation exposure The condition of being subjected to transmitted energy composed of particles that individually carry enough kinetic energy to liberate an electron from an atom or molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000040 gamma ray exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000039 ionizing radiation exposure The condition of being subjected to high frequency, high energy electromagnetic radiation, that is, energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components. Gamma radiation is traditionally considered to have wavelengths less than 0.01 nm and are generally emitted by nuclei rather than by electrons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000041 radon exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000039 ionizing radiation exposure The condition of being subjected to transmitted energy from the gaseous radioactive element radon, atomic number 86, resulting from decay of radium. Such radiation is composed of particles that individually carry enough kinetic energy to liberate an electron from an atom or molecule. alpha, beta, and gamma rays are released during the radioactive decay of radon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000042 ultraviolet ray exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000045 electromagnetic radiation exposure The condition of being subjected to electromagnetic radiation, that is, energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components, in the part of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths between about 10 and 400 nm. Ultraviolet radiation can be ionizing or non-ionizing depending on the wavelength. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000043 X-ray exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000039 ionizing radiation exposure The condition of being subjected to electromagnetic radiation, that is, energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components, with wavelengths between approximately 0.01 and 10 nm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000044 non-ionizing radiation exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000045 electromagnetic radiation exposure The condition of being subjected to transmitted energy that does not carry enough energy per quantum to completely remove an electron from an atom or molecule. Such radiation has sufficient energy only for excitation, the movement of an electron to a higher energy state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000045 electromagnetic radiation exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000038 radiation exposure The condition of being subjected to energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components. Electromagnetic radiation includes, in order of decreasing wavelength, radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light, x-rays, gamma rays, and cosmic rays. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000046 infrared radiation exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000045 electromagnetic radiation exposure The condition of being subjected to electromagnetic radiation, that is, energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components, with wavelengths longer than those of visible light, i.e. from approximately 750 nm to 1 mm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000047 sensory stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition An action or condition designed to cause the registration or perception of a stimulus and the voyage made by incoming nerve impulses from the sense organs to the nerve centers. A stimulus is anything that excites or incites an organism or part thereof to function, become active, or respond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000048 auditory stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000047 sensory stimulus Any action or condition designed to cause the registration or perception of a stimulus by organs and receptors involved in the sense of hearing. A stimulus is anything that excites or incites an organism or part thereof to function, become active, or respond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000049 visual stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000047 sensory stimulus Any action or condition designed to cause the registration or perception of a stimulus by the optical sense organs. A stimulus is anything that excites or incites an organism or part thereof to function, become active, or respond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000050 olfactory stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000047 sensory stimulus Any action or condition designed to cause the registration or perception of a stimulus, by organs or receptors involved in the sense of smell. A stimulus is anything that excites or incites an organism or part thereof to function, become active, or respond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000051 taste stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000047 sensory stimulus Any action or condition designed to cause the registration or perception of a stimulus by the gustatory receptors in the tongue. A stimulus is anything that excites or incites an organism or part thereof to function, become active, or respond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000052 tactile stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000047 sensory stimulus Any action or condition designed to cause the registration or perception of a stimulus by organs and receptors involved in the sense of touch, that is, the physiological sense by which external objects or forces are perceived through contact with the body. A stimulus is anything that excites or incites an organism or part thereof to function, become active, or respond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000053 targeted heat exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000308 heat exposure An activity or condition involving a high temperature directed toward a particular part of an organism's body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000054 targeted cold exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000306 cold exposure An activity or condition involving a low temperature directed toward a particular part of an organism's body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000055 tactile electric shock exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000052 tactile stimulus This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the stimulation of nerves involved in the physiological sense by which external objects or forces are perceived through contact with the body via application of an electric current. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000058 room temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000011 air temperature The temperature of the air surrounding an organism which is considered the most common level for the facility. For humans the temperature considered most comfortable for a room is between 18 and 27 degrees celsius. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000059 physical activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000001 activity Action in which a part of the body or whole body is involved in movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000060 mental activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000001 activity Being in a state of action within the mind often involving manipulation of words or numbers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000061 serial subtraction exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000060 mental activity An activity in which a person starts with a number and deducts a specified number from that and then deducts the same number from the remainder of the first computation, without using a calculator or pencil and paper. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000062 cycling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000059 physical activity The action of riding on a stationary or moving vehicle with wheels that is propelled by the movement of a person's legs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000063 cycling, stationary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000062 cycling The act of propelling the wheel or wheels of a fixed exercise machine through the action of one's legs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000064 cycling, non-stationary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000062 cycling The action of propelling a two wheeled vehicle by the movement of a person's legs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000065 hand dynamometer activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000059 physical activity The action of squeezing an apparatus that measures the muscular contraction of the hand, used as a condition of exertion in experiments measuring other physiological functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000066 body position change http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000081 body position Change in position or attitude of body as part of the experiment in which measurements are taken before, during and/or after the change. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000070 alcoholic drink http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000020 drink A drink containing ethanol, a transparent, colorless, volatile,flammable liquid, which is formed by microbial fermentation of carbohydrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000071 beer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000070 alcoholic drink An alcoholic drink brewed by fermenting malt with sugar and yeast and flavored with hops. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000072 wine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000070 alcoholic drink Alcoholic drink made by fermenting the juice of grapes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000073 liquor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000070 alcoholic drink Alcoholic beverage produced by distillation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000074 controlled caffeine content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of caffeine consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Caffeine is a xanthine alkaloid that acts primarily as a central nervous system and metabolic stimulant, and also as a mild vasoconstrictor, diuretic, and bronchodilator. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000076 coffee http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000028 caffeinated drink A drink made of the decoction or infusion of the dried, roasted sees of Coffea arabica or Coffea canephora. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000077 tobacco use http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000013 diet The use of any product made for human consumption from Nicotiana tabacum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000078 cigar smoking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000077 tobacco use The action of smoking, inhalation of the gases and hydrocarbon vapors generated by burning a cigar, a rolled cylinder of tobacco wrapped in tobacco leaves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000079 cigarette smoking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000077 tobacco use The action of smoking, inhalation of the gases and hydrocarbon vapors generated by burning a cigarette, a small roll of finely cut tobacco enclosed in a wrapper of thin paper. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000080 tobacco chewing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000077 tobacco use Mastication of a form of the prepared leaves of Nicotiana tabacum that is chewed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000081 body position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition The attitude or posture of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000082 sitting position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000081 body position A position of rest in which the weight is largely supported by the buttocks, usually with the body vertical. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000083 standing position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000081 body position A position in which an organism is upright balanced on two legs for bipedal organisms or four legs for quadrapedal organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000084 supine position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000081 body position A position in which the organism is lying face up. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000086 exercise training program http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000059 physical activity A fixed series of exercises or body movements repeated at intervals over a specified period of time as part of a program to improve strength, aerobic capacity or other elements of fitness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000087 specific pathogen-free condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000099 control condition A standard living condition with the absence of a resident pathogen, a biological agent that causes disease, especially a microorganism such as a bacterium, virus, or fungus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000088 chemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a compound or substance that has been purified or prepared, especially artificially. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000089 neoplasm-inducing chemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000259 disease-inducing chemical Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical, i.e., a substance having a specific molecular composition obtained by or used in a reaction involving changes to atoms or molecules, which has the capacity to promote the formation of neoplasms, new and abnormal growths, specifically those in which cell multiplication is uncontrolled and progressive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000090 7,12-dimethyltetraphene (DMBA) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000093 polycyclic arene A tetraphene having methyl substituents at the 7- and 12- positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000091 steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a naturally occurring compound or related synthetic analog with a molecular structure based on the cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene carbon skeleton, that is, a phenanthrene, to the a side of which a three-carbon fragment is fused. According to the definition at the Chemical Entities of Biological Importance (ChEBI) database, 'By extension, one or more bond scissions, ring expansions and/or ring contractions of the skeleton may have occurred' which expands the class to include molecules based on but not containing the cannonical arrangement of four fused cycloalkane rings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000092 17 beta-estradiol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000294 estrogen/estrogen analog The predominant circulating form of estrogen, the female sex hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000093 polycyclic arene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000278 polycyclic hydrocarbon Any organic compound whose molecules are composed only of hydrogen, the element with atomic number 1, and carbon, the element with atomic number 12, and whose carbon atoms form continuous or closed chains linked by alternating double and single bonds that may be represented graphically by multiple interlinking circular or triangular forms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000094 ovariectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000026 surgical removal The removal of one or both ovaries, the female gonads, from an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000095 bilateral ovariectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000094 ovariectomy Surgical removal of both ovaries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000096 unilateral ovariectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000094 ovariectomy Surgical removal of a single ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000097 right ovariectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000096 unilateral ovariectomy Surgical removal of the right ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000098 left ovariectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000096 unilateral ovariectomy Surgical removal of the left ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000099 control condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition This is any condition in which the major influencing factor is a uniform set of parameters accepted as normal or average and used by general consent as a basis of comparison. It is a baseline condition in which none of the experimental manipulations are performed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000100 sham surgical control condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation A surgical treatment or procedure that is performed as a control and that is similar to but omits a key therapeutic element of the treatment or procedure under investigation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000101 vehicle control condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000099 control condition A treatment used as a control in which a saline or other solution is administered in the same manner as the experimental solution minus the key element of the experimental solution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000102 fasting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000013 diet Abstaining from the consumption of food, often for a specified period of time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000104 glucose solution, 2.8M http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000103 glucose solution A mixture in which 2.8 moles of glucose, the monosaccharide sugar (C6H12O6) which is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism, and the chief source of energy for living organisms, are distributed uniformly throughout a sufficient volume of another substance (the solvent), usually water, so that the mixture is homogeneous at the molecular level and the final volume is one liter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000105 pancreatectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000026 surgical removal Surgical removal of part or all of the pancreas, the combined endocrine/exocrine gland situated transversely behind the stomach, between the spleen and the duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000106 anesthetic/analgesic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a drug or agent used to reduce or eliminate pain or sensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000107 pentobarbital http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000106 anesthetic/analgesic Short to intermediate acting barbiturate used as a sedative and hypnotic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000108 pentobarbital, sodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000107 pentobarbital Sodium salt of pentobarbital, a short to intermediate acting barbiturate used as a sedative and hypnotic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000109 isoflurane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000106 anesthetic/analgesic Potent inhalational anesthetic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000110 prone position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000081 body position A position in which the organism is lying face down. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000112 unilateral nephrectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000017 nephrectomy Surgical removal of a single kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000113 right nephrectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000112 unilateral nephrectomy Surgical removal of the right kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000114 left nephrectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000112 unilateral nephrectomy Surgical removal of the left kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000115 perfusate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000340 solution Any fluid which is injected or pumped into, or poured through, an organ or tissue, usually via a blood vessel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000116 Kreb's solution perfusate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000115 perfusate A buffered, aqueous solution usually containing the cations sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium, and anions chloride, sulfate, bicarbonate and phosphate and often including glucose as an energy source which is injected or pumped into, or poured through, an organ or tissue, usually via a blood vessel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000117 saline solution perfusate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000115 perfusate A fluid containing a specified amount of a chemical salt, for example sodium chloride, which is injected or pumped into, or poured through, an organ or tissue, usually via a blood vessel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000118 perfusate suspended http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000115 perfusate A condition in which a fluid which has been injected or pumped into, or poured through, an organ or tissue, usually via a blood vessel, remains in but is no longer actively passed through the organ or tissue for a specified period of time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000119 amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an amino acid, any naturally occurring or synthetic organic compound containing an amino group, a carboxylic acid group and a side chain. An amino acid may be administered as a nutritional supplement or as a drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000120 inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function A substance or compound which interferes with a chemical reaction or a molecular or physiological process or activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000121 NG-nitroarginine methyl ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000119 amino acid A basic amino acid, commonly known as L-NAME, used as a non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000122 diuretic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function A chemical which tends to increase the excretion of urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000123 sulfonamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure A compound containing a sulfonamide functional group. A sulfonamide functional group contains sulfonyl connected to an amine group and has the general structure R-S(=O)2-NH2. Sulfonamide also refers to several classes of drugs which include antimicrobial 'sulfa drugs', anticonvulsants and the sulfonylureas and thiazide diuretics. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000124 furosemide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000123 sulfonamide This is any condition whose main influencing factor is furosemide, a diuretic drug which inhibits Nkcc2 (Slc12a1), one of the Na-K symporters and reduces the reabsorption of sodium chloride. Furosemide is used experimentally for sodium depletion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000125 hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function A chemical substance which in its endogenous state is produced by an organ, cells of an organ or scattered cells, having a specific regulatory affect on the activity of an organ or tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000126 angiotensin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000228 peptide hormone A peptide hormone which increases blood pressure by causing blood vessel constriction. Part of the renin-angiotensin system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000127 norepinephrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000230 monoamine hormone A catecholamine neurotransmitter and stress hormone with multiple physiological roles including affects on heart rate, blood pressure and vascular tone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000130 ketamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000947 NMDA receptor antagonist An analgesic and anesthetic which functions as a noncompetitive NMDA receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, binding to the allosteric site of the NMDA receptor and effectively inhibiting its channel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000131 xylazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000106 anesthetic/analgesic An alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonist used for sedation, anesthesia, muscle relaxation, and analgesia in animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000132 acepromazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000140 vasodilator A phenothiazine-derivative antipsychotic drug used in animals as a sedative and antiemetic and which can also cause peripheral vasodilation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000133 antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function A condition in which the major influencing factor is a chemical compound to which the body can mount a specific localized or systemic immune reaction, e.g. a T cell or B cell response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000134 methacholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000135 receptor agonist A synthetic choline ester that acts as a non-selective muscarinic receptor agonist, that is, a chemical which when bound to the receptor produces a physiologic reaction typical of the naturally occurring ligand, in the parasympathetic nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000135 receptor agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000214 activator A drug or other chemical that can combine with a receptor to produce a physiologic reaction typical of a naturally occurring substance. A receptor is a molecule on the surface or within a cell that recognizes and binds with specific molecules, producing a specific effect in the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000137 FAPGG http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000136 enzyme substrate An oligopeptide substrate for continuous spectrophotometric assay of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) which hydrolyzes FAPGG to furylacryloylphenylalanine (FAP) and glycylglycine with a resulting decrease in absorbance at 340 nm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000138 methylene blue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000199 oxidation-reduction indicator Methylene blue is monoamine oxidase inhibitor and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, as well as a cationic dye used as a redox indicator. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000139 vasoactive chemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function A condition in which the main influencing factor is a molecule that directly or indirectly acts upon blood vessels to cause constriction or dilation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000140 vasodilator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000139 vasoactive chemical A condition in which the main influencing factor is a molecule that functions to dilate or increase the interior diameter of blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000141 vasoconstrictor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000139 vasoactive chemical A condition in which the main influencing factor is a molecule that acts to constrict or reduce the interior diameter of blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000142 sodium nitroprusside http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000140 vasodilator The red-coloured inorganic salt with the formula Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]?2H2O used as a potent vasodilator. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000143 acetylcholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000144 neurotransmitter An organic, polyatomic cation, formed as an ester of acetic acid and choline, that acts as a neurotransmitter in both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) in many organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000145 phenylephrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000141 vasoconstrictor A selective alpha1-adrenergic receptor agonist used primarily as a decongestant, as an agent to dilate the pupil, and as a vasoconstrictor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000146 controlled oxygen content Kreb's solution perfusate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000116 Kreb's solution perfusate A buffered, aqueous solution usually containing the cations sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium, and anions chloride, sulfate, bicarbonate and phosphate and often including glucose as an energy source in which a specified amount of the tasteless, odorless, colorless gas essential for aerobic respiration with atomic number 8 has been dissolved, which is injected or pumped into, or poured through, an organ or tissue, usually via a blood vessel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000147 physiological salt solution perfusate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000117 saline solution perfusate A fluid which is injected or pumped into an organ or tissue, usually via blood vessels, composed of a solution of sodium chloride at a concentration which closely approximates the osmolarity of salt in blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000148 controlled oxygen content physiological salt solution perfusate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000147 physiological salt solution perfusate A fluid which is injected or pumped into an organ or tissue, usually via blood vessels, composed of a solution of sodium chloride at a concentration which closely approximates the osmolarity of salt in blood, and which contains a specific, controlled concentration of oxygen gas, the tasteless, odorless, colorless gas with atomic number 8 essential for aerobic respiration, dissolved in it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000149 ion/salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and thereby acquired a charge, or is any of a large class of chemical compounds formed when a positively charged ion (a cation) bonds with a negatively charged ion (an anion). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000150 potassium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000149 ion/salt A condition in which the main influencing factor is an atom of potassium, the chemical element with atomic number 19, that has lost one electron, forming a cation with a charge of +1. Potassium is the chief cation of intracellular fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000152 drug dose time series http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000151 chemical time series The condition of exposing an organism, organ or tissue to a series of increasing or decreasing doses of a drug or other chemical from which a single measurement value is obtained. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000153 sample resting period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition A predetermined and specified amount of time during which an experimental specimen sits undisturbed, for example to allow a chemical reaction to proceed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000154 ion/salt solution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000340 solution This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a homogeneous mixture of one or more ions, i.e. atoms or molecules that have gained or lost electron(s) and thereby acquired a charge, or one or more salts, i.e. members of the large class of chemical compounds formed when a positively charged ion (a cation) bonds with a negatively charged ion (an anion), dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000155 sodium chloride solution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000254 sodium ion solution A condition in which the main influencing factor is a homogeneous mixture of atoms of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, and an equivalent number of atoms of chlorine, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1 dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000156 0.9% sodium chloride solution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000155 sodium chloride solution This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is a solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) and water in which the level of NaCl is maintained at a mass concentration of 9 grams per liter (0.9 grams per 100 mls of solution, or 0.9 % m/v). The osmolarity of normal saline is a close approximation to the osmolarity of NaCl in blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000157 physical restraint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001100 physical manipulation The use of manual or mechanical means to limit some or all of an animal's normal movement for the purpose of examination, collection of samples, drug administration, therapy, or experimental manipulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000158 physical restraint in mechanical restrainer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000157 physical restraint The use of mechanical means, i.e. a manufactured apparatus or machine, to limit some or all of an animal's normal movements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000159 physical restraint in tube type rodent restrainer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000158 physical restraint in mechanical restrainer The use of a tube type rodent restrainer, that is, a hollow cylinder usually made of a rigid clear material in a size that approximates the size of the animal and can be capped at one or both ends to prevent escape, to limit some or all of an animal's normal movements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000120 inhibitor A substance that binds to a receptor without eliciting a biological response, blocking binding of substances that could elicit such responses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000161 losartan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000536 angiotensin II receptor antagonist This is any condition whose main influencing factor is losartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist and vasodilator which consists of a biphenylyltetrazole where a 1,1'-biphenyl group is attached at the 5-position. Losartan also has an additional trisubstituted imidazol-1-ylmethyl group at the 4'-position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000162 pentolinium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, ganglionic blocking agent and vasodilator which consists of a dication whose structure comprises a pentane backbone linking two 1-methylpyrrolidinium groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000021 water This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is drinking water in which the amount of one or more solutes are adjusted to a requirement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000164 controlled sodium content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000254 sodium ion solution A drink made up of water and a specified amount of sodium, i.e. sodium ions, consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. A sodium ion is an atom of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, that has lost one electron, forming a cation with a charge of +1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition Any process involving manual and instrumental techniques for incision or excision of a part of an organism to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000166 controlled in situ organ condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation Any experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of an organ, that is, a differentiated, structural part of a system of the body that performs a specific function, is experimentally manipulated, for example through perfusion, increased or decreased blood flow, etc. without removal from the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000167 controlled in situ kidney condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000166 controlled in situ organ condition Any experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of one or both kidneys, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, is experimentally manipulated, for example through perfusion, increased or decreased blood flow, etc. without removal from the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000168 controlled in situ renal perfusion pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000167 controlled in situ kidney condition Condition in which the difference in pressure between the arteries and veins in the kidney, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, is experimentally regulated, for example by injecting or pumping a fluid into the kidney at a specified pressure or by regulating the blood flow through the kidney, without removal of the organ from the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000169 labeled chemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure Any chemical to which a tracer has been added such as the addition of a fluorescent tag or inclusion of a radioactive element during synthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000170 fluorescently labeled chemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000169 labeled chemical Chemical to which a fluorescent tag has been added as a tracer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000171 radioactively labeled chemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000169 labeled chemical Chemical into which a radioactive element has been incorporated as a tracer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000172 carbohydrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure Any of a group of organic compounds that includes sugars, starches, celluloses, and gums and serves as a major energy source in the diet of animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000173 polysaccharide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000172 carbohydrate This is any condition whose main influencing factor is a polysaccharide, a macromolecule consisting of large numbers (>10) of monosaccharide residues, that is, simple carbohydrate residues each consisting of a single basic sugar unit with the general formula (CH2O)n, linked glycosidically. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000174 inulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000173 polysaccharide A fructose-based starch derived from rhizomes of plants from the Compositae family and used as a diagnostic aid in tests of kidney function, specifically glomerular filtration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000175 tritiated inulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000174 inulin Inulin, a fructose-based starch derived from rhizomes of plants from the Compositae family and used as a diagnostic aid in tests of kidney function, specifically glomerular filtration, into which the mass 3 radioactive isotope of hydrogen has been incorporated as a tracer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000176 enzyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000193 peptide/protein Any of numerous proteins or conjugated proteins produced by living organisms and functioning as specialized catalysts for biochemical reactions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000177 thrombin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000176 enzyme An enzyme in blood formed from prothrombin that facilitates blood clotting by reacting with fibrinogen to form fibrin, as well as participating in additional steps in the coagulation pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000178 thapsigargin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000892 tumor promoter A non-competitive inhibitor of the sarco / endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) class of enzymes. Acts as a non-phorbol-ester-type tumor promoter and acts as an inhibitor of calcium ATPase of endoplasmic reticulum, leading to an increase in cytoplasmic calcium ions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000179 ionizing ultraviolet radiation exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000042 ultraviolet ray exposure The condition of being subjected to electromagnetic radiation, that is, energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components, with wavelengths between 10 and 120 nm. Radiation (i.e. ultraviolet light) at this wavelength is considered ionizing, that is, composed of photons that individually carry enough energy to liberate an electron from an atom or molecule without raising the bulk material to ionization temperature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000180 non-ionizing ultraviolet radiation exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000044 non-ionizing radiation exposure The condition of being subjected to electromagnetic radiation, that is, energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components, with wavelengths between 120 and 400 nm. Radiation (i.e. ultraviolet light) at this wavelength does not have sufficient energy to liberate electrons from atoms or molecules although it can induce photochemical reactions, or accelerate radical reactions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000181 controlled visible light condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition Condition in which the presence or absence of visible light, that is, electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between approximately 390 (violet) and 770 (red) nanometers, capable of stimulating the subjective sensation of sight, is constrained. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000182 controlled exposure to ambient light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000284 controlled visible light exposure Condition in which the natural, usual or environmental level and/or time of exposure to visible light, that is, electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between approximately 390 (violet) and 770 (red) nanometers, capable of stimulating the subjective sensation of sight, is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000183 controlled exposure to darkness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000181 controlled visible light condition Condition during which visible light, that is, electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between approximately 390 (violet) and 770 (red) nanometers, capable of stimulating the subjective sensation of sight, is removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000184 calcium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000149 ion/salt The divalent cation of calcium, the chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000185 calcium ion solution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000154 ion/salt solution A solution of the divalent cation of calcium, the chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000186 cytisine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000693 cholinergic agonist A toxic selective nicotinic cholinergic alkaloid from the seed of Laburnum anagyroides and other Leguminosae. Used in pharmacological studies of nicotinic cholinergic receptors in the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000187 trimethaphan camsylate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000842 nicotinic antagonist A drug that counteracts cholinergic transmission at the ganglion type of nicotinic receptors of the autonomic ganglia by acting as a non-depolarizing competitive antagonist at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000188 darodipine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000269 calcium channel inhibitor Calcium channel blocker. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000189 physical restraint on immobilization board http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000158 physical restraint in mechanical restrainer Immobilization of a subject on a frame or platform by securing all four limbs to it, e.g. by taping them to mounts attached to the frame, thereby eliminating the subject's ability to move at will. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000190 angiotensin I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000126 angiotensin The 10 amino acid cleavage product produced by the action of renin on angiotensinogen. Ang I is apparently inactive unless further cleaved by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) into Ang II. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000191 angiotensin II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000126 angiotensin The 8 amino acid cleavage product produced by the action of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) on Ang I. Ang II is considered to be the main effector of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), has endocrine, autocrine/paracrine, and intracrine hormone activities in the body and acts as a powerful vasoconstrictor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000192 deoxycorticosterone acetate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000330 deoxycorticosterone The acetate ester of 11-deoxycorticosterone, a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland that possesses mineralocorticoid activity and acts as a precursor to aldosterone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000193 peptide/protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure Any natural or synthetic complex organic macromolecule composed of chain(s) of amino acids. A peptide can be contain as few as two amino acids; a protein can contain multiple chains composed of hundreds of amino acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000194 antibody http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000193 peptide/protein An immunoglobulin molecule having a specific amino acid sequence that gives each antibody the ability to adhere to and interact only with the antigen that induced its synthesis and with molecules containing structures similar to that antigen. An antigen is any substance capable of inducing a specific immune response, including but not limited to toxins, bacterial proteins and viruses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000195 myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000193 peptide/protein A membrane protein expressed on the oligodendrocyte cell surface and the outermost surface of myelin sheaths. Due to this localization, it is considered a primary target antigen involved in immune-mediated demyelination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000196 glybenclamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000225 potassium channel inhibitor ATP-sensitive potassium channel inhibitor used as an anti-arrhythmia drug and a hypoglycemic/anti-diabetes drug. In the latter case, the drug causes beta cell membrane depolarization, which in turn results in opening of voltage-dependent calcium channels and subsequent insulin release. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000197 indicator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function Any substance that indicates the presence, absence, or concentration of another substance or the degree of reaction between substances by means of a characteristic change, especially in color. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000198 pH indicator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000197 indicator Any substance that indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions, that is the acidity level, of a solution by means of a characteristic change, especially in color. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000199 oxidation-reduction indicator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000197 indicator Any substance which indicates the oxidation status of another substance or of a reaction by means of a characteristic change, especially in color. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000200 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000136 enzyme substrate A monocarboxylic acid that serves as an intermediate in the metabolism of leucine and a substrate for NADPH-dependent dehydrogenases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000201 orchiectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000026 surgical removal Surgical removal of one or both testes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000202 unilateral orchiectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000201 orchiectomy Surgical removal of a single testis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000203 bilateral orchiectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000201 orchiectomy Surgical removal of both testes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000204 testosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000229 steroid hormone The principal androgenic, that is, male sex hormone. Responsible for regulation of gonadotropic secretion, spermatogenesis and control of other male characteristics. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000205 mutation inducing chemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function An agent that causes or increases the frequency of permanent, heritable changes in the DNA sequence or chromosomal structure of a cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000206 N-nitrosodiethylamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000205 mutation inducing chemical A component of tobacco smoke which has been shown to be mutagenic and carcinogenic in animal studies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000207 3-methyl-4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000089 neoplasm-inducing chemical A condition in which the main influencing factor is 3-methyl-4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene (MDAB), an azobenzene in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group, while the other is substituted at position 4 by a dimethylamino group. MDAB is a potent liver carcinogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000208 2-acetamidofluorene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000205 mutation inducing chemical A condition in which the main influencing factor is 2-acetamidofluorene (2-AAF) an ortho-fused polycyclic arene that consists of 9H-fluorene bearing an acetamido substituent at position 2. 2-AAF and a number of its metabolites are both carcinogenic and mutagenic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000210 partial hepatectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000209 hepatectomy A condition involving the surgical excision of part of the liver, the large abdominal organ/gland which functions in the storage and filtration of blood, secretion of bile, and other processes. The partial liver removal may be minor (< 50%) or major (> 50%). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000212 controlled copper content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000920 controlled mineral content diet A regimen of solid food in which the amount of copper consumed is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000213 arginine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000119 amino acid Any condition in which the main influencing factor is arginine (L-arginine), an alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000214 activator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function Any substance that makes another substance active or reactive, induces a chemical reaction, or combines with an enzyme to increase its catalytic activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000215 controlled calcium ion content physiological salt solution perfusate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000147 physiological salt solution perfusate A fluid which is injected or pumped into an organ or tissue, usually via blood vessels, composed of a solution of sodium chloride at a concentration which closely approximates the osmolarity of salt in blood, and which contains a specific, controlled concentration of calcium ions, divalent cations of the metallic chemical element with atomic number 20, dissolved in it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000216 ion channel activator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000214 activator Any chemical substance which increases the activity of an ion channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that allow diffusion of specific ions across a cell membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000217 cation channel activator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000216 ion channel activator Any chemical substance which increases the activity of a cation channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that allow diffusion of positively charged ions across a cell membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000218 4-alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000217 cation channel activator A phorbol ester analog that is an activator of TRPV4 (transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4) channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000219 dihydrocapsaicin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000217 cation channel activator A capsaicinoid which is an irritant and a selective TRPV1 (transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1) agonist. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000220 anion channel agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000216 ion channel activator Any chemical substance which increases the activity of an anion channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that allow diffusion of negatively charged ions across a cell membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000221 ion channel inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000120 inhibitor Any chemical substance which decreases or interferes with the activity of an ion channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that allow diffusion of specific ions across a cell membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000222 cation channel inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000221 ion channel inhibitor Any chemical substance which decreases or interferes with the activity of a cation channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that allow diffusion of positively charged ions across a cell membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000223 anion channel inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000221 ion channel inhibitor Any chemical substance which decreases or interferes with the activity of an anion channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that allow diffusion of negatively charged ions across a cell membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000224 ruthenium red http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000222 cation channel inhibitor An inorganic dye which also intereacts with many types of proteins including ion channels and enzymes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000225 potassium channel inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000222 cation channel inhibitor Any chemical substance which decreases or interferes with the activity of a potassium ion channel, that is, a complex of membrane-bound and membrane-spanning proteins that specifically allow diffusion of positively charged potassium ions across a cell membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000226 apamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000225 potassium channel inhibitor An 18 amino acid peptide neurotoxin from bee venom which blocks small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000227 charybdotoxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000225 potassium channel inhibitor A 37 amino acid peptide neurotoxin from scorpion venom that is a blocker of large- and intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000228 peptide hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000193 peptide/protein A molecular chain compound composed of two or more amino acids joined by peptide bonds that in its endogenous state is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000229 steroid hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000125 hormone A condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical substance the structure of which is based on the basic 17-carbon-atom ring system steroid nucleus but may or may not have the characteristic arrangement of four fused cycloalkane rings, and which is produced in its endogenous state by an organ, cells of an organ or scattered cells, having a specific regulatory affect on the activity of an organ or tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000230 monoamine hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000125 hormone A chemical substance consisting of an amine compound which contains one amino group and was derived from an aromatic amino acid, that in its endogenous state is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000231 anti-RT6.1 antibody http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000194 antibody Antibody directed against the RT6.1 cell surface alloantigen (also known as ART2, Pta.A2, and Ag-F1). RT6.1 is an allelic form of the RT6 antigen which is expressed on most peripheral T cells but not on thymocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000232 nucleic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001107 polymer A high-molecular-weight polymeric compound composed of nucleotides, each consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base, a ribose or deoxyribose sugar, and a phosphate group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000233 ribonucleic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000232 nucleic acid A long, polymeric chain of alternating phosphate and ribose units with the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil bonded to the ribose. Although RNA is usually single-stranded it can also exist as RNA:RNA or RNA:DNA double-stranded molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000234 deoxyribonucleic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000232 nucleic acid A long, polymeric chain of alternating phosphate and deoxyribose units with the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine bonded to the deoxyribose. DNA can be single stranded or double stranded, that is, composed of either a single polymer or a pair of antiparallel polymers joined by hydrogen bonding between complementary bases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000235 Poly I:C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000233 ribonucleic acid Poly I:C is a synthetic analog of dsRNA, which is the ligand of choice for Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3). Poly(I:C) is composed of a strand of poly(I) annealed to a strand of poly(C). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000236 pathogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000258 disease-inducing agent An biological agent that causes disease, especially a living microorganism such as a bacterium, virus, or fungus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000237 viral pathogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000236 pathogen A virus which has the potential to cause disease. A virus is one of a group of heterogeneous infective agents characterized by their lack of independent metabolism, their inability to replicate outside a host cell, their simple organization and their unique mode of replication. A virus consists of genetic material--either DNA or RNA--surrounded by a protein coat and, in some cases, by a membranous envelope. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000238 Kilham rat virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000237 viral pathogen A common parvovirus pathogen which causes largely asymptomatic infections in rats. KRV can be used to model environmental influences in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000239 toxic substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function A chemical or biological substance which is capable of causing illness, debilitation or death, to living organisms, tissues or cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000240 toxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000239 toxic substance A protein or conjugated protein produced by some higher plants, certain animals, and pathogenic bacteria, that is highly poisonous for other living organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000241 streptozotocin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000885 diabetes-inducing chemical A condition in which the main influencing factor is streptozotocin, a naturally occurring chemical that is particularly toxic to the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas in mammals. STZ can be used to treat pancreatic islet cell cancers and to model type 1 diabetes mellitus in animals via destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000242 alloxan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000885 diabetes-inducing chemical A condition in which the main influencing factor is alloxan, an oxygenated pyrimidine derivative which is toxic to the pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in rodents and other animals and can therefore be used for modeling type 1 diabetes mellitus through destruction of the beta cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000243 partial pancreatectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000105 pancreatectomy Surgical removal of a portion of the pancreas, resulting in reduction but not elimination of the physiological functions of the pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000244 controlled fructose content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A solid diet in which the amount of fructose, the monosaccharide found in honey and many sweet fruits which chemically combines with glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose, is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000245 insulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000228 peptide hormone A protein hormone formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. The major fuel-regulating hormone, it is secreted into the blood in response to a rise in concentration of blood glucose or amino acids. Insulin promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000246 controlled cholesterol content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A regimen of solid food in which the amount of cholesterol, a steroid alcohol found in animal fats and oils, is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000247 controlled olive oil content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000454 controlled oil content diet A regimen of solid food to which a specified amount of olive oil has been added. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000248 kidney transplant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000027 surgical implantation A surgical procedure in which one or both kidneys from a donor organism are implanted into a recipient organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000249 left kidney transplant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000248 kidney transplant A surgical procedure in which the left kidney from a donor organism is implanted into a recipient organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000250 right kidney transplant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000248 kidney transplant A surgical procedure in which the right kidney from a donor organism is implanted into a recipient organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000251 secretagogue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000214 activator Any agent that induces exocrine, endocrine, or paracrine secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000252 tolbutamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000407 hypoglycemic agent A first generation potassium channel blocker and sulfonylurea oral hypoglycemic drug which stimulates the secretion of insulin by the pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000253 sodium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000149 ion/salt This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an ion of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, that has lost one electron, forming a cation with a charge of +1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000254 sodium ion solution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000154 ion/salt solution A condition in which the main influencing factor is a homogeneous mixture of atoms of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, that have lost one electron, forming a cation with a charge of +1 dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000255 anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000194 antibody An immunoglobulin molecule or a preparation of multiple antibody molecules having specific amino acid sequences with the ability to adhere to and interact specifically with one or more components of the structure located between endothelial cells of renal capillaries and the visceral epithelial cells of the kidney glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000256 isoproterenol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000665 beta-adrenergic agonist A drug which is structurally similar to epinephrine and that binds to beta-adrenergic receptors to produce a physiologic reaction similar to or the same as that of epinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000257 controlled hydrogen ion content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water containing a specified amount of hydrogen ions, the chemical element with atomic number 1 that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, for consumption by an organism in an experiment. Adjusting the amount of hydrogen ions adjusts the acidity, i.e. the pH of the drinking water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000258 disease-inducing agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition Any phenomenon, chemical or biologic substance, or organism that exerts some force or effect resulting in a deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of any body part, organ, or system that is manifested by a characteristic set of symptoms and signs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000259 disease-inducing chemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function A substance having a specific molecular composition obtained by or used in a reaction involving changes to atoms or molecules that exerts some force or effect resulting in a deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of any body part, organ, or system that is manifested by a characteristic set of symptoms and signs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000260 peptide/protein antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000193 peptide/protein A condition in which the major influencing factor is a peptide or protein, that is, any of a group of complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, capable of inducing a specific localized and/or systemic immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000261 arthritis inducing chemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000349 arthritis-inducing agent A substance having a specific molecular composition obtained by or used in a reaction involving changes to atoms or molecules that, when administered, results in the inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000262 collagen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000261 arthritis inducing chemical A condition in which the major influencing factor is any of a family of extracellular, closely related proteins occurring as a major component of connective tissue, giving it strength and flexibility; composed of molecules of tropocollagen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000263 pristane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000261 arthritis inducing chemical A condition in which the major influencing factor is an acyclic saturated hydrocarbon derived from phytane by loss of its C-16 terminal methyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000264 Freund's adjuvant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000133 antigen A nonspecific stimulator of the immune response consisting of non-metabolizable oils used to make water-in-oil emulsions with specific antigens. The adjuvant increases the strength of the immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000265 Freund's incomplete adjuvant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000264 Freund's adjuvant IFA is used to make a water-in-oil antigen-containing emulsion that lacks the Mycobacteria found in Complete Freund′s Adjuvant so it minimizes the side-effects. It is routinely used for boosting immunizations subsequent to use of Freund's complete adjuvant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000266 Freund's complete adjuvant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000264 Freund's adjuvant A water-in-oil emulsion incorporating antigen in the aqueous phase, and killed, dried mycobacteria, e.g., Mycobacterium butyricum in lightweight paraffin oil. A suspension is achieved with the aid of an emulsifying agent. The mixture induces both cell-mediated immunity (delayed hypersensitivity), and humoral antibody formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000267 peptidoglycan-polysaccharide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000261 arthritis inducing chemical A condition in which the major influencing factor is a polymer found in the cell walls of prokaryotes that consists of polysaccharide and peptide chains in a strong molecular network. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000268 balloon angioplasty http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000595 surgical manipulation of blood vessels A technique of mechanically widening narrowed or obstructed arteries by use of a soft catheter with an inflatable tip. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000269 calcium channel inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000222 cation channel inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is any chemical substance which decreases or interferes with the activity of a calcium channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that display selective permeability to calcium ions, the chemical element with atomic number 20 that has lost two electrons forming a cation with a charge of +2, and allow diffusion of these ions across a cell membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000270 captopril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000140 vasodilator A sulfur-containing carboxylic acid with a pyrrolidine substituent at C-1, which decreases or interferes with the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, used as an anti-hypertensive drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000271 antioxidant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function A substance that opposes oxidation, a reaction in which the atoms in an element lose electrons, and/or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000272 tempol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000271 antioxidant A heterocyclic compound used as an agent for detoxifying reactive oxygen species. It catalyses the disproportionation of superoxide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000273 carrageenan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000173 polysaccharide A family of linear, sulfated, high-molecular-weight polysaccharides made up of repeating galactose and 3,6-anhydrogalactose units with alternating alpha 1-3 and beta 1-4 glycosidic linkages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000274 monosaccharide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000172 carbohydrate Any simple carbohydrate consisting of a single basic sugar unit with the general formula Cn(H2O)n, with n ranging from 3 to 8. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000275 glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000274 monosaccharide A monosaccharide sugar, C6H12O6, occurring widely in plant and animal tissues. It is one of the three dietary monosaccharides, along with fructose and galactose, that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion, is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism, and is the chief source of energy for living organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000276 hydrocarbon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure Any of a large group of organic compounds whose molecules are composed only of hydrogen, the element with atomic number 1, and carbon, the element with atomic number 12. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000277 cyclic hydrocarbon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000276 hydrocarbon Any organic compound whose molecules are composed only of hydrogen, the element with atomic number 1, and carbon, the element with atomic number 12, and whose carbon atoms form a continuous or closed chain linked by bonds that may be represented graphically by one or more circular or triangular forms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000278 polycyclic hydrocarbon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000277 cyclic hydrocarbon Any organic compound whose molecules are composed only of hydrogen, the element with atomic number 1, and carbon, the element with atomic number 12, and whose carbon atoms form continuous or closed chains linked by bonds that may be represented graphically by multiple interlinking circular or triangular forms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000279 terpene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000276 hydrocarbon Any of a large and diverse class of organic compounds which are composed only of hydrogen, the element with atomic number 1, and carbon, the element with atomic number 12, which are derived biosynthetically from units of isoprene and which have the general molecular formula (CH2=C(CH3)CH=CH2)n where n is the number of linked isoprene units. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000280 squalene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000279 terpene A triterpene, that is a terpine containing six isoprene units, consisting of 2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosane having six double bonds at the 2-, 6-, 10-, 14-, 18- and 22-positions with (all-E)-configuration. Squalene is the biochemical precursor to steroids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000281 type II collagen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000262 collagen A condition in which the major influencing factor is the fibrillar collagen which comprises the main component of cartilage and is also found in the vitreous humor of the eye. Collagens are a family of extracellular, closely related proteins occurring as a major component of connective tissue, giving it strength and flexibility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000282 anti-Thy1 antibody http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000194 antibody An immunoglobulin molecule having a specific amino acid sequence that gives it the ability to adhere to and interact only with Thy1, i.e. Thymocyte antigen 1, and molecules containing structures similar to that antigen. Thy1, also known as CD90, is a 25-37 kDa, heavily N-glycosylated, glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored, conserved cell surface protein with a single V-like immunoglobulin domain, originally discovered as a thymocyte antigen and now known to be the smallest member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000283 visible light stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000284 controlled visible light exposure Exposure to visible light in a manner, such as for a length of time or at a level, which would not be considered natural, usual or environmental and which is designed to elicit or evoke an action or response in a cell, an excitable tissue, or an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000284 controlled visible light exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000181 controlled visible light condition Condition during which a subject or sample is directly in the presence of or influenced by visible light, that is, electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between approximately 390 (violet) and 770 (red) nanometers, capable of stimulating the subjective sensation of sight, at a constrained level and/or for a constrained period of time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000285 controlled NG-nitroarginine methyl ester content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of the basic amino acid commonly known as L-NAME and used as a non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000286 retinal S-antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000260 peptide/protein antigen A condition in which the major influencing factor is a highly antigenic, soluble photoreceptor protein expressed in the retina and the pineal gland and involved in desensitization of the photoactivated transduction cascade. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000287 interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000260 peptide/protein antigen A condition in which the major influencing factor is a large glycoprotein, found primarily in the interphotoreceptor matrix of the retina between the retinal pigment epithelium and the photoreceptor cells, which is known to bind retinoids and thought to transport them between the retinal pigment epithelium and the photoreceptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000290 peripheral myelin protein 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000260 peptide/protein antigen A condition in which the major influencing factor is a fatty acid and cholesterol binding protein which together with myelin basic protein constitutes a major fraction of the peripheral nervous system myelin proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000292 peripheral nerve myelin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000352 myelin A condition in which the major influencing factor is peripheral nerve myelin, a lipoproteinaceous substance largely composed of phospholipids and proteins, which forms the sheaths surrounding the axons of peripheral nerves, that is, nerves that are not part of either the brain or spinal cord of the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000293 99mTc-sestamibi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000171 radioactively labeled chemical A coordination complex of technetium-99m, a radioisotope of the chemical element technetium, atomic number 43, a gamma emitter having a half-life of approximately 6 hours, and methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI), a lipophilic cation, used as an agent in nuclear medicine imaging. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000294 estrogen/estrogen analog http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000229 steroid hormone Any of the naturally-occuring, primary female sex hormones or related synthetic molecules with the capacity to perform the same function(s), i.e. to bind to estrogen receptors and stimulate or control the development and maintenance of female sex characteristics. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000295 diethylstilbestrol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent A synthetic estrogen analog with chemical formula C18H20O2. The structure is similar to that of estrogen but lacks the complete four ring structure. As a drug it is used to treat prostatic and sometimes breast carcinomas. It is an epigenetic carcinogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000296 running on inclined treadmill http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000005 running on treadmill The act of rapidly moving the feet on an exercise apparatus with an endless belt that allows the user to perform the action of running in place and that is maintained at an angle which deviates from the horozontal by a specified amount. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000297 fluid deprivation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000013 diet Condition in which liquids for drinking (bringing a liquid into the mouth and swallowing it to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc.), such as water, are withheld for a specified period of time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000298 controlled saccharin content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water Water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O) supplied as a drink, that is, as a liquid to be brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., in which the amount of saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, is adjusted to a requirement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000299 controlled ethanol content drinking water with no other optional drink source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000023 controlled ethanol content drinking water Condition in which a drink, that is, a liquid to be brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., made up of water and a specified amount of ethanol, the alcohol with chemical formula CH3-CH2-OH obtained from the fermentation of sugars and starches or by chemical synthesis which is the intoxicating ingredient of alcoholic beverages, is supplied as the only available drink option for consumption by an organism in an experiment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000300 controlled ethanol content drinking water with water as an optional drink source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000023 controlled ethanol content drinking water Condition in which a drink, that is, a liquid to be brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., made up of water and a specified amount of ethanol, the alcohol with chemical formula CH3-CH2-OH obtained from the fermentation of sugars and starches or by chemical synthesis which is the intoxicating ingredient of alcoholic beverages, is supplied along with additive-free water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O), as an additional drink option for consumption by an organism in an experiment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000301 lithium ion solution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000154 ion/salt solution A condition in which the main influencing factor is a homogeneous mixture of atoms of lithium, the chemical element with atomic number 3, that have lost one electron, forming a cation with a charge of +1 dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000302 lithium chloride solution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000301 lithium ion solution A condition in which the main influencing factor is a homogeneous mixture of atoms of lithium, the chemical element with atomic number 3, that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, and an equivalent number of atoms of chlorine, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1 dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000303 adrenalectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000026 surgical removal The surgical excision of one or both of the adrenal glands, two small, dissimilarly shaped endocrine glands, one located above each kidney, consisting of the cortex, which secretes several steroid hormones, and the medulla, which secretes epinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000304 bilateral adrenalectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000303 adrenalectomy The surgical excision of both adrenal glands, two small, dissimilarly shaped endocrine glands, one located above each kidney, consisting of the cortex, which secretes several steroid hormones, and the medulla, which secretes epinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000305 unilateral adrenalectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000303 adrenalectomy The surgical excision of only one of the adrenal glands, two small, dissimilarly shaped endocrine glands, one located above each kidney, consisting of the cortex, which secretes several steroid hormones, and the medulla, which secretes epinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000306 cold exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000111 temperature exposure An activity or condition which involves subjecting all or part of an organism to a relatively low, i.e., lower than considered normal, temperature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000307 cold ambient air exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000306 cold exposure An activity or condition in which the air surrounding or encircling the organism has a relatively low, or lower than considered normal, temperature, i.e., air in which the molecules possess a lower than normal amount of random kinetic energy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000308 heat exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000111 temperature exposure An activity or condition which involves subjecting all or part of an organism to a relatively high, or higher than considered normal, temperature, that is, possessing a higher than normal level of random kinetic energy of atoms, molecules, or ions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000309 heated ambient air exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000308 heat exposure An activity or condition in which the air surrounding or encircling the organism has a relatively high, or higher than considered normal, temperature, i.e., air in which the molecules possess a higher than normal amount of random kinetic energy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000310 guanethidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000120 inhibitor An antihypertensive agent that acts by selectively inhibiting transmission in post-ganglionic adrenergic nerves. It is believed to act mainly by preventing the release of norepinephrine at nerve endings and causes depletion of norepinephrine in peripheral sympathetic nerve terminals as well as in tissues. It does not appear to act at the level of the adrenergic receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000311 potassium ion solution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000154 ion/salt solution A condition in which the main influencing factor is a homogeneous mixture of atoms of potassium, the chemical element with atomic number 19, that have lost one electron, forming a cation with a charge of +1 dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000312 potassium chloride solution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000311 potassium ion solution A condition in which the main influencing factor is a homogeneous mixture of atoms of potassium, the chemical element with atomic number 19, that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, and an equivalent number of atoms of chlorine, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1, dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000313 lithium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000149 ion/salt A condition in which the main influencing factor is an atom of lithium, the chemical element with atomic number 3, that has lost one electron, forming a cation with a charge of +1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000314 buffer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function Any substance or mixture of substances that, in solution (typically aqueous), resists change in pH upon addition of small amounts of acid or base. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000315 buffer solution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000340 solution A homogeneous mixture of molecules, atoms and/or ions, one or more of which have the capacity to cause the solution to resist change in pH upon addition of small amounts of acid or base, dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000316 calcium-free buffer solution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000315 buffer solution A homogeneous mixture which does not contain calcium, the chemical element with atomic number 20, but does contain molecules, atoms and/or ions one or more of which have the capacity to cause the solution to resist change in pH upon addition of small amounts of acid or base, dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000317 buffered calcium ion solution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000315 buffer solution A homogeneous mixture of calcium, the chemical element with atomic number 20, with other molecules, atoms and/or ions one or more of which have the capacity to cause the solution to resist change in pH upon addition of small amounts of acid or base, dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000318 surgical construction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation A process in which manual and instrumental techniques are used to assemble or combine parts or substances, especially in order to create something new. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000319 artificial aortocaval fistula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000595 surgical manipulation of blood vessels A surgically created passageway between the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000320 hexamethonium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000842 nicotinic antagonist Either of two compounds (C12H30Br2N2 or C12H30Cl2N2) used in the treatment of hypertension. Hexamethonium is a depolarising ganglionic blocker, a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist that acts in autonomic ganglia by binding in or on the receptor but not the acetylcholine binding site itself. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000321 hexamethonium bromide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000320 hexamethonium The compound C12H30Br2N2, consisting of a hexamethonium cation and dibromide anion, used in the treatment of hypertension. Hexamethonium is a depolarising ganglionic blocker, a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist that acts in autonomic ganglia by binding in or on the receptor but not the acetylcholine binding site itself. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000322 hexamethonium chloride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000320 hexamethonium The compound C12H30Cl2N2, consisting of a hexamethonium cation and dichloride anion, used in the treatment of hypertension. Hexamethonium is a depolarising ganglionic blocker, a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist that acts in autonomic ganglia by binding in or on the receptor but not the acetylcholine binding site itself. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000323 alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an alcohol, a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000324 primary alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000323 alcohol Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a primary alcohol, a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000325 ethanol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000324 primary alcohol Any condition in which the main influencing factor is ethanol, a primary alcohol with chemical formula CH3-CH2-OH, that is ethane in which one of the hydrogens is substituted by a hydroxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000327 controlled quinine content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment, made up of water and a specified amount of quinine, and consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Water is the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O). Quinine is a bitter alkaloid of cinchona that has antimalarial, analgesic, antipyretic, mild oxytocic, cardiac depressant, and sclerosing properties, and that decreases the excitability of the motor end plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000328 controlled deoxycorticosterone content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment, made up of water and a specified amount of deoxycorticosterone, and consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Water is the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O). Deoxycorticosterone is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland that possesses mineralocorticoid activity and acts as a precursor to aldosterone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000329 controlled deoxycorticosterone content saline drink http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000328 controlled deoxycorticosterone content drinking water A drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment, made up of saline and a specified amount of deoxycorticosterone, and consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Saline is a homogeneous mixture of sodium chloride (i.e. atoms of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, and an equivalent number of atoms of chlorine, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1) dispersed molecularly in a sufficient and specified quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O). Deoxycorticosterone is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland that possesses mineralocorticoid activity and acts as a precursor to aldosterone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000330 deoxycorticosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000229 steroid hormone Any condition in which the main influencing factor is deoxycorticosterone, a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland that possesses mineralocorticoid activity and acts as a precursor to aldosterone, or a derivative of that hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000331 RU28362 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000135 receptor agonist Any condition in which the main influencing factor is RU28362, a highly selective neuroactive agonist of the glucocorticoid (Corticoid Type II) receptor, but not of the mineralocorticoid (Corticoid Type I) receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000332 controlled RU28362 content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment, made up of water and a specified amount of RU28362, and consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Water is the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O). RU28362 is a highly selective neuroactive agonist of the glucocorticoid (Corticoid Type II) receptor, but not of the mineralocorticoid (Corticoid Type I) receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000333 controlled RU28362 content saline drink http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000332 controlled RU28362 content drinking water A drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment, made up of saline and a specified amount of RU28362, and consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Saline is a homogeneous mixture of atoms of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, and an equivalent number of atoms of chlorine, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1 dispersed molecularly in a sufficient and specified quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O). RU28362 is a highly selective neuroactive agonist of the glucocorticoid (Corticoid Type II) receptor, but not of the mineralocorticoid (Corticoid Type I) receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000334 left adrenalectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000305 unilateral adrenalectomy The surgical excision of only the adrenal gland on the left side of the body. The left adrenal gland is generally the larger of the two dissimilarly shaped endocrine glands, one located above each kidney, consisting of the cortex, which secretes several steroid hormones, and the medulla, which secretes epinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000335 right adrenalectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000305 unilateral adrenalectomy The surgical excision of only the adrenal gland on the right side of the body. The right adrenal gland is generally the smaller of the two dissimilarly shaped endocrine glands, one located above each kidney, consisting of the cortex, which secretes several steroid hormones, and the medulla, which secretes epinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000336 adrenergic antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an agent that binds to but does not activate adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of endogenous or exogenous adrenergic agonists, substances that have an affinity for and stimulate physiologic activity at adrenergic receptors. Adrenergic receptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are targets of catecholamines, especially norepinephrine and epinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000337 air-jet exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000052 tactile stimulus A condition in which an air jet, i.e. a rapid stream of air (the colorless, odorless, tasteless mixture of gases, mainly nitrogen, oxygen and lesser gases, plus water vapor and particulates, that surrounds the earth) forced under pressure through a small opening or nozzle, is directed toward the body or a part of the body of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000338 chemical nanoparticle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a particle, i.e. a body whose internal motion and structure, if any, are irrelevant in a specific problem, with a size between 1 and 100 nanometers composed of any substance having a specific molecular composition obtained by or used in a reaction involving changes to atoms or molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000339 titanium dioxide nanoparticles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000338 chemical nanoparticle Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a particle, i.e. a body whose internal motion and structure, if any, are irrelevant in a specific problem, with a size between 1 and 100 nanometers composed of titanium dioxide. Titanium dioxide is a white insoluble powder that is the naturally occurring oxide of titanium, chemical formula TiO2, i.e. composed of one atom of titanium, the strong, low-density, highly corrosion-resistant metallic element with atomic number 22, and two atoms of oxygen, the highly reactive chemical element with atomic number 8 that is essential for plant and animal respiration and is required for nearly all combustion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000340 solution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a homogeneous mixture of molecules, atoms and/or ions dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000088 chemical This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance having a specific molecular composition obtained by or used in a reaction involving changes to atoms or molecules and which has the capacity to perform a particular role or initiate or participate in a particular activity or process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000088 chemical This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance having a specific molecular composition obtained by or used in a reaction involving changes to atoms or molecules, where that molecular composition explicitly contains one or more particular parts or groups that are held or put together in a particular way. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000343 nitrosourea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical having a nitroso (R-N=O) and a urea moiety. A urea moiety consists of two -NH2 groups joined by a carbonyl (C=O) group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000344 N-propyl-N-nitrosourea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000343 nitrosourea Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical with three major moieties, a propyl group (a linear three-carbon alkyl substituent with chemical formula -C3H7), a nitroso group (R-N=O) and a urea group (two -NH2 groups joined by a carbonyl (C=O) functional group). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000345 N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000343 nitrosourea Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical with three major moieties, an ethyl group (a two-carbon alkyl substituent with chemical formula -C2H5), a nitroso group (R-N=O) and a urea group (two -NH2 groups joined by a carbonyl (C=O) functional group). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000346 N-methyl-N-nitrosourea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000343 nitrosourea Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical with three major moieties, a methyl group (a one-carbon alkyl substituent with chemical formula -CH3), a nitroso group (R-N=O) and a urea group (two -NH2 groups joined by a carbonyl (C=O) functional group). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000347 blood vessel occlusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000595 surgical manipulation of blood vessels A surgical manipulation causing blockage of a blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000348 middle cerebral artery occlusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000347 blood vessel occlusion A surgical manipulation causing blockage of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), one of the three major paired arteries that supply blood to the cerebrum. The MCA arises from the internal carotid and continues into the lateral sulcus where it branches and projects into the lateral cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000349 arthritis-inducing agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000258 disease-inducing agent Any phenomenon, chemical or biologic substance, or organism that, when administered, results in the inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000350 streptococcal cell wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000349 arthritis-inducing agent A biologic agent consisting of a more or less purified preparation of cell walls from streptococcus bacteria. Streptococcus is a genus of spherical Gram-positive bacteria belonging to the phylum Firmicutes and the lactic acid bacteria group. The cell wall is the rigid structure that lies just outside of and is joined to the plasma membrane of plant cells and most prokaryotic cells, which protects the cell and maintains its shape. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000351 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000205 mutation inducing chemical A condition in which the major influencing factor is 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide, a tumorigenic derivative of quinoline N-oxide containing a nitro functional group (-NO2) at the 4 position of the quinoline bicyclic structure. Quinoline is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C9H7N. 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide and its metabolite 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline-1-oxide bind to nucleic acids and cause lesions usually corrected by nucleotide excision repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000352 myelin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000133 antigen A condition in which the major influencing factor is myelin, a lipoproteinaceous substance largely composed of phospholipids and proteins, which forms the sheaths surrounding the myelinated nerve fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000353 central nervous system myelin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000352 myelin A condition in which the major influencing factor is the lipoproteinaceous substance largely composed of phospholipids and proteins, which forms the sheaths surrounding the myelinated nerve fibers of the central nervous system, i.e., the brain and spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000354 N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000205 mutation inducing chemical A guanidine derivative with a nitro group (-NO2) on the nitrogen at position 3 and a methyl group (-CH3) and nitroso group (-NO) on the nitrogen at position 1. MNNG acts by adding alkyl groups to the O6 of guanine and O4 of thymine of DNA, giving it potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000355 controlled N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment, made up of water and a specified amount of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), and consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Water is the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O). MNNG is a guanidine derivative with a nitro group (-NO2) on the nitrogen at position 3 and a methyl group (-CH3) and nitroso group (-NO) on the nitrogen at position 1. MNNG acts by adding alkyl groups to the O6 of guanine and O4 of thymine of DNA, giving it potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000356 spinal cord homogenate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000133 antigen A condition in which the major contributing factor is a preparation of spinal cord which has been rendered uniform in structure and/or composition throughout, for example by grinding the tissue until it has been reduced to particles which are evenly distributed thoughout a fluid. Spinal cord is the long, flexible, nearly cylindric structure of nerve tissue that extends from the medulla oblongata down through the vertebral canal and from which the spinal nerves branch off to various parts of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000357 walking on inclined treadmill http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000004 walking on treadmill The action of ambulation on an exercise apparatus with an endless belt that allows the user to perform the action of running in place and that is maintained at an angle which deviates from the horozontal by a specified amount. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000358 diagnostic agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function A substance administered specifically to aid diagnosis of a disease or condition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000359 sodium p-aminohippurate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000358 diagnostic agent A condition in which the main influencing factor is an organic sodium salt that is the monosodium salt of p-aminohippuric acid, an amide derivative of the amino acid glycine and para-aminobenzoic acid. Sodium p-aminohippurate is used as a diagnostic agent in the measurement of renal plasma flow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000360 arterial catheter implantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000027 surgical implantation The insertion of a tubular, flexible surgical instrument into an artery to withdraw or introduce fluid. An artery is a vessel in which blood flows away from the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000361 left L3-L5 ventral root avulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000401 nerve root avulsion The forcible surgical separation from the spine of the motor root of a left side spinal nerve between the #3 and #5 lumbar vertebrae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000362 physical restraint in plastic bag http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000158 physical restraint in mechanical restrainer The use of a pouch made from a very thin flexible plastic (any of various organic compounds produced by polymerization, capable of being molded, extruded, cast into various shapes and films) to limit some or all of an animal's normal movements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000363 eukaryotic pathogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000236 pathogen A condition in which the main influencing factor is a single-celled or multicellular organism that has the capacity to cause disease, and the cell(s) of which individually have a true nucleus, that is, one that is bounded by a nuclear membrane, contains one or more chromosomes, and divides by mitosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000364 Toxoplasma gondii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000363 eukaryotic pathogen A condition in which the main influencing factor is a sporozoan species that is an intracellular parasite in a variety of vertebrates and is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000365 Toxoplasma gondii cysts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000364 Toxoplasma gondii A condition in which the main influencing factor is Toxoplasma gondii cysts. Toxoplasma gondii is a sporozoan species that is an intracellular parasite in a variety of vertebrates and is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis. Cyst refers to the larval stage in the life cycle during which individual organisms are enveloped in a protective wall. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000367 sham surgical device implantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000100 sham surgical control condition A surgery in which a device is inserted which lacks the chemical or drug that in the experimental samples it would dispense. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000368 autoimmune disease-inducing chemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000259 disease-inducing chemical Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical that causes an anti-self reaction by the immune system of the treated individual. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000369 aurothiopropanol sulfonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000368 autoimmune disease-inducing chemical An antirheumatic of slow action that, in certain susceptible individuals, causes a gold-induced, Th2-dependent autoimmunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000370 Trichinella spiralis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000363 eukaryotic pathogen A condition in which the main influencing factor is any form of Trichinella spiralis, a nematode parasite that occurs in animals such as rodents, pigs, bears, and in humans. The organism, which matures in the intestines, producing larvae that travel through the blood and lymphatic systems to the muscles where they encyst, is responsible for the disease trichinosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000371 Trichinella spiralis larvae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000370 Trichinella spiralis A condition in which the main influencing factor is the infective larvae of the nematode parasite Trichinella spiralis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000372 dexamethasone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000636 immunosuppressive agent A condition in which the main influencing factor is dexamethasone, a long-acting synthetic adrenocorticoid, analogous to but more potent than cortisol (a natural hormone produced by the adrenal glands), with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant activities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000373 surgical denervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000026 surgical removal The resection or complete surgical removal of a nerve, any of the cordlike structures that convey impulses between the central nervous system and one or more parts of the body, and that each consist of an outer connective tissue sheath surrounding a bundle of conductive fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000374 axotomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000373 surgical denervation Surgical transection or severing of an axon, the process of a neuron capable of conducting action potentials or self-propagating nerve impulses away from the cell body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000375 sciatic nerve axotomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000374 axotomy Surgical transection or severing of one or more axons of the sciatic nerve, the large sensory and motor nerve that in humans arises from the sacral plexus and passes through the greater sciatic foramen to midthigh where it divides into the common peroneal and tibial nerves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000376 saphenous nerve axotomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000374 axotomy Surgical transection or severing of one or more axons of the saphenous nerve, a sensory nerve that is a terminal branch of the femoral nerve, in humans extending from the femoral triangle to the foot, becoming subcutaneous on the medial side of the knee. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000377 vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function A condition in which the main influencing factor is any of a group of unrelated organic substances occurring in many foods in small amounts and necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000378 vitamin E http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000377 vitamin A condition in which the main influencing factor is any of a group of at least eight related fat-soluble compounds with similar biological antioxidant activity, particularly alpha-tocopherol but also including other isomers of tocopherol and the related compounds tocotrienol and tocomonoenol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000380 phytyl side chain of alpha-tocopherol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000276 hydrocarbon A condition in which the main influencing factor is a hydrophobic 13 carbon saturated chain with methyl side groups at the 4', 8' and 12' positions. In its native form, the molecule is attached to the 2-carbon of the benzopyran-6-ol double ring structure of alpha-tocopherol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000381 progesterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000229 steroid hormone Condition in which the main influencing factor is the steroid hormone progesterone, the principal pro-gestational hormone liberated by the corpus luteum, adrenal cortex, and placenta, whose function is to prepare the uterus for the reception and development of the fertilized oocyte by inducing transformation of the endometrium from the proliferative to the secretory stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000382 controlled captopril content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of captopril consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used for the treatment of hypertension and some types of congestive heart failure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000383 controlled losartan content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of losartan consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Losartan is a selective, competitive angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist, reducing the end organ responses to angiotensin II. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000384 controlled tempol content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of tempol consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Tempol (4-Hydroxy-TEMPO) is a heterocyclic compound used as an agent for detoxifying reactive oxygen species. It catalyses the disproportionation of superoxide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000385 glomerulonephritis-inducing agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000258 disease-inducing agent Any substance, such as a chemical, a mix of chemicals or a pathogen, which has the capacity to cause the development of the symptoms of glomerulonephritis, kidney inflammation characterized by inflammation of the capillary loops in the renal glomeruli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000386 collagenase-solubilized glomerular basement membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000385 glomerulonephritis-inducing agent A condition in which the main influencing factor is a relatively undefined mix of macromolecules such as glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and fragmented collagens, derived from the basement membrane of renal glomeruli via treatment with collagenase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in triple helical regions of collagen, one of the major components of basement membranes. A basement membrane is an organised multi-molecular extracellular matrix which is characteristically found under epithelial and endothelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000387 collagenase-solubilized rat glomerular basement membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000386 collagenase-solubilized glomerular basement membrane A condition in which the main influencing factor is a relatively undefined mix of macromolecules such as glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and fragmented collagens, derived from the basement membrane of renal glomeruli from rats (i.e., members of the species Rattus norvegicus) via treatment with collagenase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in triple helical regions of collagen, one of the major components of basement membranes. A basement membrane is an organised multi-molecular extracellular matrix which is characteristically found under epithelial and endothelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000388 acetaminophen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000106 anesthetic/analgesic Condition in which the main influencing factor is acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic with effects similar to aspirin but only weakly antiinflammatory. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000390 antimetabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function A condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance which competes with or replaces a metabolite (a chemical that is part of the normal metabolism of a cell or body), and so prevents or reduces its normal utilization or activity. Antimetabolites are often structurally similar to the metabolite for which they substitute. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000391 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent A condition in which the main influencing factor is 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), a synthetic nucleoside analog and antimetabolite of thymidine. Because BrdU substitutes for thymidine in DNA during replication its incorporation can be used as a marker of cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000392 nucleoside/nucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure A condition in which the main influencing factor is any of various compounds consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base and a sugar, usually ribose or deoxyribose, with (nucleotide) or without (nucleoside) one or more phosphate groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000393 1,2-dimethylhydrazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000205 mutation inducing chemical A condition in which the main influencing factor is 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, DNA alkylating agent that is a potent carcinogen; used to induce colon tumours in experimental animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000394 controlled bile acid content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A regimen of solid food to which a specified amount of bile acid has been added. Bile acids are steroid acids derived from cholesterol in the liver (primary) or produced from primary bile acids by intestinal bacteria (secondary). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000395 controlled 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide, a tumorigenic derivative of quinoline N-oxide containing a nitro functional group (-NO2) at the 4 position of the quinoline bicyclic structure. 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide and its metabolite 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline-1-oxide bind to nucleic acids and cause lesions usually corrected by nucleotide excision repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000396 phenolic/phenol derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure Any organic aromatic compound consisting of at least one phenolic group, that is, a group having one or more hydroxy groups attached to a benzene or other arene ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000397 bisphenol A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000396 phenolic/phenol derivative A synthetic phenolic compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2, i.e. one in which a central carbon links to two methyl groups and two hydroxyphenyl groups. BPA is similar in structure to estradiol and can bind to and activate the estrogen receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000398 cisplatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent A condition in which the main influencing factor is cisplatin, a chemotherapy drug in which two ammine ligands and two chloro ligands are oriented in a cis planar configuration around a central platinum ion. Cisplatin is mutagenic and serves as an anti-cancer drug through its ability to bind to and crosslink DNA, interfering with cell division, triggering DNA repair mechanisms and, in turn, activating apoptosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000399 complex ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000149 ion/salt A metal ion surrounded by, and forming coordinate covalent bonds with, a set of ligands comprised of any combination of other molecules or ions able to donate an electron pair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000400 surgical avulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000026 surgical removal A surgical manipulation in which one tissue, organ or body part is forcibly torn away from the whole, or in which an attached or anchored tissue is torn away from another tissue or body part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000401 nerve root avulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000400 surgical avulsion The surgical tearing apart of the nerve root, the part of a nerve adjacent to the center to which it is connected, from that center, for example, surgical separation of one or both of two bundles of nerve fibers (the posterior and anterior roots) from the spinal cord by tearing rather than cutting. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000402 habituation to experimental apparatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition A condition in which an experimental subject is exposed to an experimental apparatus in order to habituate the individual to the apparatus. Habituation is the gradual decrease in behavioral responses to a particular stimulus or environment after repeated exposures have proven to be of no consequence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000403 controlled cisplatin content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A solid diet in which the amount of cisplatin, a chemotherapy drug in which two ammine ligands and two chloro ligands are oriented in a cis planar configuration around a central platinum ion, is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000404 controlled bisphenol A content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A solid diet in which the amount of bisphenol A is maintained at a specified level. Bisphenol A is a synthetic phenolic compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2, i.e. one in which a central carbon links to two methyl groups and two hydroxyphenyl groups. BPA is similar in structure to estradiol and can bind to and activate the estrogen receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000405 controlled cisplatin content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of cisplatin consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Cisplatin is a chemotherapy drug in which two ammine ligands and two chloro ligands are oriented in a cis planar configuration around a central platinum ion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000406 controlled bisphenol A content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of bisphenol A consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Bisphenol A is a synthetic phenolic compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2, i.e. one in which a central carbon links to two methyl groups and two hydroxyphenyl groups. BPA is similar in structure to estradiol and can bind to and activate the estrogen receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000407 hypoglycemic agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance which has the ability to lower the level of glucose, particularly blood glucose, in an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000408 metformin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000407 hypoglycemic agent A condition in which the main influencing factor is metformin, an oral antidiabetic drug in the biguanide class which functions to supress the production of glucose by the liver (hepatic gluconeogenesis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000409 controlled metformin content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of metformin consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Metformin is an oral antidiabetic drug in the biguanide class which functions to supress the production of glucose by the liver (hepatic gluconeogenesis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000410 controlled metformin content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A solid diet in which the amount of metformin, an oral antidiabetic drug in the biguanide class which functions to supress the production of glucose by the liver (hepatic gluconeogenesis), is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000411 reproduction condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition Any experimental condition that is specifically related to the reproduction of the organism, that is, to the cellular, genetic, behavioral and temporal processes by which an organism produces offspring similar to itself so that the species is perpetuated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000413 birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000411 reproduction condition The emergence and separation of offspring from the body of the mother. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000414 lactation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000411 reproduction condition The process of synthesis and secretion of milk from the mammary glands in the nourishment of offspring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000415 maternal milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000416 milk The nutrient fluid produced by the mammary gland of a female mammal for the nourishment of her young and consumed by her offspring or a fosterling of the same species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000416 milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000020 drink A nutrient fluid containing proteins, fats, lactose, and various vitamins and minerals produced by the mammary gland of a female mammal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000417 controlled phytoestrogen content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A solid diet in which the amount of one or more phytoestrogens, any of a group of weakly estrogenic, nonsteroidal compounds widely occurring in plants, is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000418 phytoestrogen-free diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000419 soy-free diet A solid diet which specifically contains no phytoestrogens, any of a group of weakly estrogenic, nonsteroidal compounds widely occurring in plants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000419 soy-free diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000417 controlled phytoestrogen content diet A solid diet specifically containing no soy, that is, no derivative of soybeans, the bean of the leguminous plant, Glycine max, which contains little starch but is rich in protein and phytoestrogens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000420 controlled in utero environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000421 in utero condition A condition in which the environment of the offspring within the uterus is controlled during any or all of the period between fertilization and parturition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000421 in utero condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition Any condition which occurs while an organism is still within the uterus of its mother during the gestation period. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000422 quinone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a quinone, a member of a class of compounds having a fully conjugated cyclic dione structure, such as that of benzoquinones, derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of -CH= groups into -C(=O)- groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000423 thymoquinone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000422 quinone A condition in which the main influencing factor is thymoquinone, an antioxidant phytochemical compound found in the plant Nigella sativa. Thymoquinone has the chemical formula C10H12O2 and is a 1,4-benzoquinone substituted at the 2 and 5 position with a methyl and an isopropyl group (2-Isopropyl-5-methyl- or 5-Isopropyl-2-methyl-). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000424 benfotiamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000271 antioxidant A condition in which the main influencing factor is benfotiamine, a synthetic thioester S-acyl derivative and analogue of thiamine (vitamin B1); used as an antioxidant dietary supplement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000425 lactotransferrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000193 peptide/protein A condition in which the main influencing factor is lactotransferrin, a multifunctional protein of the transferrin family which is a major iron-binding protein in milk and body secretions, and has antimicrobial activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000427 lycopene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000279 terpene A condition in which the main influencing factor is lycopene, a bright red polyunsaturated carotenoid hydrocarbon (i.e. a carotene) with the formula C40H56. Lycopene is a tetraterpene assembled from eight isoprene units and has antioxidant activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000428 fructose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000274 monosaccharide This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is fructose, a monosaccharide isomer of glucose which, although it is a 6-carbon sugar (hexose), generally exists as a 5-member hemiketal ring. Fructose is one of three dietary monosaccharides, along with glucose and galactose, that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000429 controlled fructose content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of fructose consumed by a subject. Fructose is one of three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000430 silymarin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000271 antioxidant A condition in which the main influencing factor is silymarin, a strongly antioxidant mixture of flavonolignans extracted from the milk thistle plant (Silybum marianum). The components or silymarin are capable of scavenging both free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000431 disaccharide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000172 carbohydrate Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a disaccharide, a member of the class of sugars that yield two monosaccharide molecules upon hydrolysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000432 sucrose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000431 disaccharide Any condition in which the main influencing factor is sucrose, a nonreducing disaccharide of glucose and fructose used as a food, a sweetener, a preservative and a pharmaceutical aid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000433 controlled sucrose content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of sucrose consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Sucrose is a nonreducing disaccharide of glucose and fructose used as a food, a sweetener, a preservative and a pharmaceutical aid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000434 octylphenol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000396 phenolic/phenol derivative Condition in which the main influencing factor is octylphenol, a phenolic ring with an 8-carbon side chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is any chemical that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000436 controlled N-propyl-N-nitrosourea content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A solid diet in which the amount of N-propyl-N-nitrosourea (PNU) is maintained at a specified level. PNU is a mutation-inducing chemical with three major moieties, a propyl group (-C3H7), a nitroso group (R-N=O) and a urea group (two -NH2 groups joined by a carbonyl (C=O) functional group). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000437 controlled N-propyl-N-nitrosourea content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of N-propyl-N-nitrosourea (PNU) consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. PNU is a mutation-inducing chemical with three major moieties, a propyl group (-C3H7), a nitroso group (R-N=O) and a urea group (two -NH2 groups joined by a carbonyl (C=O) functional group). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000438 candesartan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000536 angiotensin II receptor antagonist A condition in which the main influencing factor is candesartan, the angiotensin II receptor 1 (AT1) antagonist which exhibits antihypertensive effects in animal models. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000439 controlled 3-methyl-4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of 3-methyl-4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene (MDAB), a substituted azobenzene compound that acts as a potent liver carcinogen, consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000440 controlled 3-methyl-4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A solid diet in which the amount of 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (MDAB), a substituted azobenzene compound that acts as a potent liver carcinogen, is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000441 controlled 2-acetamidofluorene content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of 2-acetamidofluorene, a substituted ortho-fused polycyclic arene that is a carcinogenic and mutagenic derivative of fluorene, consumed by a subject. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000442 controlled 2-acetamidofluorene content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A solid diet in which the amount of 2-acetamidofluorene, a substituted ortho-fused polycyclic arene that is a carcinogenic and mutagenic derivative of fluorene, is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000443 controlled dexamethasone content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A solid diet in which the amount of dexamethasone (DEX) is maintained at a specified level. DEX is a long-acting synthetic adrenocorticoid, analogous to but more potent than cortisol (a natural hormone produced by the adrenal glands), with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant activities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000444 controlled dexamethasone content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of dexamethasone (DEX) consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. DEX is a long-acting synthetic adrenocorticoid, analogous to but more potent than cortisol (a natural hormone produced by the adrenal glands), with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant activities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000445 phosphate buffered saline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000315 buffer solution A relatively standardized solution of sodium chloride to which one or more phosphate salts have been added to maintain a neutral pH. PBS is isotonic, that is, the ionic strength of PBS is close to that inside living cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000446 estrus cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000411 reproduction condition One of the two types of reproductive cycles. Specifically, the correlated phenomena of the endocrine and reproductive systems of a female (especially, non-primate) mammal resulting in regularly occurring periods during which the female is sexually active and receptive, estrus, separated by periods in which there is no sexual receptivity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000451 Herpes simplex virus type 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000237 viral pathogen A condition in which the main influencing factor is a neurotropic virus that is a member of the Herpesviridae family and that, once the infection becomes chronic, has the ability to cycle through recurring outbreak periods followed by periods of latency or dormancy in which the virus is inactive but still present in infected nerve cells. HSV1 causes primarily mouth, throat, face, eye, and central nervous system infections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000452 controlled casein content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A solid diet in which the amount of casein is maintained at a specified level. Casein, a phosphoprotein, is the principle protein component of milk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000453 controlled butter content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet This is a solid diet in which the amount of butter is maintained at a specified level. Butter is a soft yellowish or whitish emulsion of milk fat, water and air, churned from milk or cream and processed for use in cooking and as a food. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000454 controlled oil content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A solid diet in which the amount of a specified oil is maintained at a specified level. An oil is any unctuous, combustible substance that is liquid, or easily liquefiable, on warming, and is soluble in ether but not in water. Oils may be animal, vegetable, or mineral in origin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000455 controlled corn oil content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000454 controlled oil content diet A solid diet in which the amount of corn oil is maintained at a specified level. Corn oil is a refined fixed, that is, nonvolatile, oil obtained from corn, the embryo of Zea mays plant. It is sometimes promoted as a good source of polyunsaturated fatty acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000456 retinyl palmitate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000271 antioxidant Any condition in which the primary influencing agent is retinyl palmitate, the synthetic ester of retinol (vitamin A) and palmitic acid, with formula C36H60O2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000457 controlled retinoid content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000690 controlled vitamin content diet A solid diet in which the amount of any retinoid is maintained at a specified level. Retinoids comprise retinal, retinol and any structurally similar natural derivative or synthetic compound, with or without vitamin A activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000458 controlled retinyl palmitate content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000457 controlled retinoid content diet A solid diet in which the amount of retinyl palmitate is maintained at a specified level. Retinyl palmitate is the synthetic ester of retinol (vitamin A) and palmitic acid, with formula C36H60O2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000459 controlled light/dark cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000284 controlled visible light exposure A recurring series of conditions in which an organism experiences successive periods of exposure to controlled ambient light followed by exposure to darkness, the lack of such light, which is in turn followed by exposure to controlled ambient light and so forth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000460 subcutaneous interscapular air pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation Induction and/or maintenance of a hollow cavity beneath the skin between the scapulae (the flat triangular bones at the top or back of the shoulder), by injection or other introduction of a specified volume of air. Experimental air pouches are often used to encapsulate foreign cells or other substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000461 restricted feeding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000013 diet A dietary regimen in which access to food is limited, e.g. to a specified number of hours per day or to a specified part of the light-dark cycle, with or without restrictions in the amount or type of food available when feeding is allowed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000462 light phase of controlled light/dark cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000459 controlled light/dark cycle The portion of a controlled light/dark cycle in which the subject is exposed to ambient light (that is, during which the room is lit). A controlled light/dark cycle is a recurring series of conditions in which an organism experiences successive periods of exposure to controlled ambient light followed by exposure to darkness, the lack of such light, which is in turn followed by exposure to controlled ambient light and so forth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000463 dark phase of controlled light/dark cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000459 controlled light/dark cycle The portion of a controlled light/dark cycle in which the subject is not being exposed to ambient light (that is, during which the room is darkened). A controlled light/dark cycle is a recurring series of conditions in which an organism experiences successive periods of exposure to controlled ambient light followed by exposure to darkness, the lack of such light, which is in turn followed by exposure to controlled ambient light and so forth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000464 controlled ex vivo organ condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition Any experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of an organ, that is, a differentiated, structural part of a system of the body that performs a specific function, is experimentally manipulated or regulated, for example through perfusion, increased or decreased blood flow, etc. after removal from the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000465 controlled ex vivo artery condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000464 controlled ex vivo organ condition Any experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of an artery, one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues, is experimentally manipulated or regulated, for example through perfusion, increased or decreased blood flow, etc. after removal from the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000466 controlled ex vivo artery perfusion pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000465 controlled ex vivo artery condition A condition in which the pressure, or force per area, exerted by a perfusate against the walls of an artery after removal from the body but while the tissue is still viable, is regulated or maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000467 retinoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure Condition in which the main influencing factor is a retinoid, any of a group of compounds containing 20 carbon atoms and structurally related to retinal, retinol, and other substances, some of which exhibit vitamin A activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000468 vitamin A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000467 retinoid Condition in which the main influencing factor is vitamin A, a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000469 isotretinoin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000467 retinoid Condition in which the main influencing factor is isotretinoin, a synthetic first generation retinoid compound used for the treatment of severe cases of acne and other skin diseases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000470 flavonoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function Condition in which the main influencing factor is a flavonoid, any of a class of plant secondary metabolites that have the general structure of a 15-carbon skeleton, which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ring (C). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000471 quercetin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000470 flavonoid Condition in which the main influencing factor is quercetin, a pentahydroxyflavone having the five hydroxy groups placed at the 3-, 3'-, 4'-, 5- and 7-positions. It is a yellow flavonoid pigment found in oak bark, the juice of lemons, asparagus, and other fruits and vegetables and is used to reduce abnormal capillary fragility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000472 chrysin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000470 flavonoid Condition in which the main influencing factor is chrysin, a dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000473 naringenin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000470 flavonoid Condition in which the main influencing factor is naringenin, a trihydroxyflavanone that is flavanone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 6 and 4'. Naringenin is the predominant flavanone in grapefruit and has demonstrated inhibitory activity against the CYP1A2 cytochrome P450 isoform. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000474 alendronate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000120 inhibitor Condition in which the main influencing factor is alendronate (the anionic form of alendronic acid), a bisphosphonate drug used for osteoporosis and several other bone diseases, because it inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone-resorption. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000475 bacterial pathogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000236 pathogen Any condition in which the primary influencing agent is a bacterial pathogen, a disease-causing unicellular prokaryotic microorganism that commonly multiplies by cell division, lacks a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, and generally has a cell wall. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000476 Streptococcus pneumoniae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000475 bacterial pathogen A condition in which the primary influencing factor is Streptococcus pneumoniae, a species of Gram-positive, alpha-hemolytic, facultative anaerobic bacteria commonly found in the nasopharynx of healthy human carriers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000477 Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000476 Streptococcus pneumoniae A condition in which the primary influencing factor is Streptococcus pneumoniae D39, a potentially virulent strain of the S. pneumoniae species of Gram-positive, alpha-hemolytic, facultative anaerobic bacteria commonly found in the nasopharynx of healthy human carriers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000478 Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000476 Streptococcus pneumoniae A condition in which the primary influencing factor is Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4, a potentially virulent strain of the S. pneumoniae species of Gram-positive, alpha-hemolytic, facultative anaerobic bacteria commonly found in the nasopharynx of healthy human carriers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000479 Haemophilus influenzae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000743 Haemophilus A condition in which the primary influencing factor is Haemophilus influenzae, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary, facultatively anaerobic bacterium which is considered an opportunistic pathogen, i.e. one that can colonize a host without causing disease unless there are extenuating circumstances which result in susceptibility on the part of the host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000480 nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000479 Haemophilus influenzae A condition in which the primary influencing factor is one or more nontypeable strain(s) of Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). NTHi refers to any unencapsulated strain of the Gram-negative, coccobacillary, facultatively anaerobic bacterium species Haemophilus influenza. Such bacteria lack the capsular antigens used to serotype strains and therefore cannot be classified by serology. NTHi strains are the important pathogens in chronic and recurrent otitis media in children. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000481 Haemophilus influenzae 86-028NP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000480 nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae A condition in which the primary influencing factor is the 86-028NP strain of Haemophilus influenzae. 86-028NP is a pathogenic, nontypeable H. influenzae strain isolated from the nasopharynx of a child with chronic otitis media. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000482 antimicrobial agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function A substance that kills or slows the growth of one or more microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000482 antimicrobial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an antibacterial agent, a substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria, unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms that commonly multiply by cell division, lack a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, and generally have a cell wall. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000484 ceftriaxone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin antibacterial agent with broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000485 Haemophilus influenzae 86-028NP H2 mutant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000481 Haemophilus influenzae 86-028NP A condition in which the primary influencing factor is the H2 mutant of the 86-028NP strain of Haemophilus influenzae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000486 Haemophilus influenzae 86-028NP C5 mutant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000481 Haemophilus influenzae 86-028NP A condition in which the primary influencing factor is the C5 mutant of the 86-028NP strain of Haemophilus influenzae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000487 Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4 LuxS mutant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000478 Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4 A condition in which the primary influencing factor is the LuxS mutant of Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000488 social environment condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition Any condition related to or affecting the external interactions and relationships of a single organism, between single organisms, or within or between groups of organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000489 temporary social environment condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000488 social environment condition Any condition in which the social environment of an organism is set or changed for a specified and/or limited period of time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000490 ongoing social environment condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000488 social environment condition Any condition in which the social environment of an organism is set or changed for an extended period of time or on a continual basis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000491 controlled exposure to an organism of the same species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000489 temporary social environment condition An experimental condition in which a test subject is placed in social contact with an organism from the same species. A species is a fundamental category of taxonomic classification, ranking below a genus and consisting of related organisms capable of interbreeding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000492 controlled exposure to a juvenile of the same species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000491 controlled exposure to an organism of the same species This is an experimental condition in which a test subject is placed in social contact with a juvenile (young, not yet mature, not fully grown and/or not fully developed) organism from the same species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000493 controlled exposure to an adult of the same species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000491 controlled exposure to an organism of the same species An experimental condition in which a test subject is placed in social contact with an adult (an organism that is fully developed and has reached physical and/or sexual maturity) from the same species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000494 postmenopause http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000411 reproduction condition The physiological period after the natural cessation of estrus or menstruation cycles in an aging female mammal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000495 neurotoxic substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000239 toxic substance A condition in which the main influencing factor is any substance that is poisonous or destructive to nerve cells or tissue, or that can be metabolized into a substance that is destructive to nerve cells or tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000496 neurotoxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000495 neurotoxic substance A condition in which the main influencing factor is a peptide, a protein or a conjugated protein produced by some higher plants, animals, and pathogenic bacteria, that is poisonous or destructive to nerve cells or tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000497 Parkinson disease inducing chemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000259 disease-inducing chemical A condition in which the main influencing factor is a synthetic or naturally derived compound that causes loss of dopaminergic neurons and induces Parkinson-like symptoms (parkinsonism) in animal models and/or Parkinson disease in humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000498 oxidopamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000497 Parkinson disease inducing chemical A condition in which the main influencing factor is oxidopamine, a neurotoxic organic compound used to induce degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in animal models. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000499 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000497 Parkinson disease inducing chemical A condition in which the main influencing factor is1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), the precursor to the toxic metabolite MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium cation) which promotes degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000500 paraquat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000497 Parkinson disease inducing chemical A condition in which the main influencing factor is paraquat, a herbicidal organic cation used to model Parkinson's disease in mice. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000501 rotenone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000497 Parkinson disease inducing chemical A condition in which the main influencing factor is rotenone, an insecticide and piscicide extracted from Leguminosa plants. Rotenone can be used to induce degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in animal models. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000698 BAY60-4552 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000696 soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator This chemical belongs to a novel group of small molecule compounds which increase the enzymatic activity of soluble guanylate cyclase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000843 mecamylamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000842 nicotinic antagonist Any condition in which the main influencing factor is mecamylamine, a ganglionic blocking agent that inhibits transmission between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000799 ether http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000106 anesthetic/analgesic This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is ether, a mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000810 2-Chloro-5-hydroxyphenylglycine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000135 receptor agonist Any condition in which the main influencing factor is 2-Chloro-5-hydroxyphenylglycine, a metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 agonist. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000766 rat anti-26 kDa T cell line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000765 rat anti-26 kDa T cells Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of cultured cells derived from T cells prepared from the lymph nodes of rats immunized with the 26 kDa antigen secreted from schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000848 negatively charged liposome-entrapped doxorubicin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000539 doxorubicin An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is negatively charged liposomes containing doxorubicin, a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic isolated from cultures of Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius and used as a chemotherapy medication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001134 caffeine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is caffeine, a methylxanthine naturally occurring in some beverages and also used as a pharmacological agent. Caffeine's most notable pharmacological effect is as a central nervous system stimulant, increasing alertness and producing agitation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001135 carbamazepine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000106 anesthetic/analgesic This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is carbamazepine, a dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. Carbamazepine is used as an anticonvulsant and it may also be used in the management of bipolar disorder and neuropathic pain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001136 propylene glycol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000323 alcohol This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is propylene glycol, a synthetic small organic alcohol that is hydrophylic. Propylene glycol has various laboratory, pharmaceutical, and industrial uses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001137 carisoprodol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000511 ester This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is carisoprodol, a carbamate ester which is a centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose mechanism of action may be related to its sedative actions. Carisoprodol is used for the relief of discomfort associated with acute, painful musculoskeletal conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001138 cefprozil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is cefprozil, a semisynthetic, second-generation cephalosporin. Cefprozil is used to treat bronchitis as well as ear, skin and other bacterial infections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001139 chloramphenicol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is chloramphenicol, a topical,broad-spectrum antibiotic first isolated from cultures of Streptomyces venequelae but now produced synthetically. Chloramphenicol act s by interfering with bacterial protein synthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001140 chlormezanone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001122 anti-anxiety agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is chlormezanone, an anxiolytic drug, a muscle relaxant and an antipsychotic agent whose clinical use was discontinued because of rare but serious cutaneous reactions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001141 scrambled control oligonucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000233 ribonucleic acid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a negative control oligonucleotide. A negative control oligonucleotide is an oligonucleotide with no significant sequence similarity to eukaryotic gene sequences and may be a scrambled version of the experimental oligonucleotide used. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001142 transfer of MIR143 mimic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000233 ribonucleic acid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a MIR143 mimic transferred into an organism or cell culture. MIR143 mimic is a chemically modified double-stranded RNA molecule designed to mimic endogenous MIR143 function. MIR143 is associated with cardiovascular and other diseases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001143 Limosilactobacillus reuteri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001212 bacteria This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Limosilactobacillus reuteri (a lactic acid bacterium). L. reuteri is a probiotic bacterium found in a variety of natural environments, including the gastrointestinal tract of humans and other animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000510 coronal plane rotational velocity of the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000503 head position change An experimental condition characterized by rotation or twisting of the head parallel to the coronal plane of the body (that is, the plane which separates the belly from the back of the organism) at a relatively constant velocity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000527 genetic manipulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition A condition in which the genotype or the gene expression of an organism or a cell has been modified. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000528 gene transfer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000527 genetic manipulation A condition in which copies of an exogenous gene have been (transiently or stably) inserted into a living cell or organism in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000529 gene transfer using adenovirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000528 gene transfer A condition in which gene transfer has been performed using an adenovirus as the carrier of the genetic material. An adenovirus is any of a group of medium-sized (90-100 nm) non-enveloped icosahedral viruses of the family Adenoviridae which are characterized by a nucleocapsid surrounding a double-stranded DNA genome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000530 gene transfer of the murine angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 gene using an adenovirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000529 gene transfer using adenovirus vector A condition in which the mouse angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (Ace2) gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using an adenovirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000531 gene transfer of the enhanced green fluorescent protein gene using an adenovirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000529 gene transfer using adenovirus vector A condition in which the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using an adenovirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000532 protein synthesis inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000120 inhibitor Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance which disrupts one or more of the processes that lead directly to the generation of new proteins, that is, that inhibits the process of translation of mRNAs into proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000533 puromycin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000532 protein synthesis inhibitor Condition in which the main influencing factor is puromycin, an aminonucleoside antibiotic derived from the Streptomyces alboniger bacterium, that causes premature chain termination during translation taking place in the ribosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000534 sunitinib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent A condition in which the main influencing factor is sunitinib, an antineoplastic agent which acts as a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor and an antagonist for multiple platelet-derived growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. Sunitinib is used as a chemotherapy agent in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000545 vitamin D3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000543 vitamin D An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is vitamin D3, a form of vitamin D which is naturally synthesized in the skin of animals by the action of ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation on 7-dehydrocholesterol. Vitamin D3 is also found in some foods and can be used as a dietary supplement. The D3 vitamer has been found to be more efficiently absorbed in the human intestine and/or more biologically active than the D2 vitamer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000650 controlled cilazapril content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of cilazapril consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. Cilazapril is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed to its main metabolite cilazaprilat, an inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000651 E4177 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000536 angiotensin II receptor antagonist A condition in which the main influencing factor is E4177, an agent that blocks one or more angiotensin II receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000652 controlled E4177 content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of E4177 consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. E4177 is an agent that blocks one or more angiotensin II receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000653 ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an agent that blocks the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000654 kynurenate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000653 ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonist Kynurenate is a product of the metabolism of L-Tryptophan and appears in urine in Vitamin B6 deficiencies. Kynurenate is an endogenous antagonist of the ionotropic glutamate receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000655 prion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000236 pathogen An abnormal form of prion protein that in mammals includes pathogenic forms which arise sporadically, as a result of genetic mutation, or by transmission (as by ingestion of infected tissue) and which upon accumulation in the brain cause a prion disease (such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy or Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000814 partial body irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000043 X-ray exposure Partial body irradiation (PBI) is a form of radiotherapy used to target certain organs or to study the effects of sublethal doses of radiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000709 cancer cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000258 disease-inducing agent A condition in which cells from one organism are used to cause cancer in another organism by injection of, or other means of transferring, live cells from the donor organism to the host organism. Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cellular proliferation, local cell invasion and metastasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000780 liposomes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is liposomes, artificial vesicles composed of one or more concentric phospholipid bilayers and used to deliver biologically relevant substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000898 minoxidil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000140 vasodilator This a pyrimidine N-oxide that is a potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in blood pressure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000903 99mTc-mebrofenin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000171 radioactively labeled chemical Technetium (99mTc) mebrofenin is a diagnostic radiopharmaceutical used for imaging of the liver and the gallbladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000884 trypan blue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000089 neoplasm-inducing chemical Any condition in which the main influencing factor is trypan blue, an azo dye used as a vital stain to selectively colour dead tissues or cells blue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000681 Medica 16 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000135 receptor agonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Medica 16, an α,ω-dicarboxylic acid that is hexadecanedioic acid carrying methyl groups at positions 3 and 14. It is a free fatty acid 1 (FFA1/GPR40) receptor agonist and an ATP citrate lyase inhibitor, and exhibits hypolipidemic and antidiabetogenic properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000798 nociceptin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000228 peptide hormone Generated from the gene PNOC, which produces a preproprotein, which in subsequently processed to form multiple protein products. Nociceptin a 17-amino acid neuropeptide that binds to the nociceptin receptor to induce increased pain sensitivity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000734 chemerin-9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000482 antimicrobial agent A potent chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) agonist that corresponds to C-terminal of full length human Chemerin (RARRES2), amino acids 149 - 157. Activates Gi/o signaling pathways in vitro; inhibits cAMP production and promotes phospholipase C production, Ca2+ mobilization, and smooth muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000686 Intralipid 20 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000685 fat emulsion A sterile, non‑pyrogenic fat emulsion intended as a source of calories and essential fatty acids for use in a pharmacy admixture program. It is made up of 20% Soybean Oil, 1.2% Egg Yolk, Phospholipids, 2.25% Glycerin, and Water for Injection. In addition, sodium hydroxide has been added to adjust the pH so that the final product pH is 6 to 8.9. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000712 vasopressin receptor agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000135 receptor agonist Any drug which binds to vasopressin receptors and triggers a response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000708 controlled carvedilol content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A regimen of solid food in which the amount of carvedilol consumed is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001308 Erxian decoction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Erxian decoction, a six-herb formulation from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Erxian decoction (ERX) has been used for the treatment of menopausal symptoms and also for spinal cord injury. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001309 methylprednisolone sodium succinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000229 steroid hormone This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is methylprednisolone sodium succinate, the sodium succinate salt of a synthetic glucocorticoid receptor agonist with immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects. Methylprednisolone sodium succinate is converted into active prednisolone in the body, which activates the glucocorticoid receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001310 controlled methylprednisolone sodium succinate content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001309 methylprednisolone sodium succinate This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of methylprednisolone sodium succinate, the sodium succinate salt of a synthetic glucocorticoid receptor agonist with immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001311 Pkc-IN-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000970 protein kinase inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Pkc-IN-1, a potent, ATP-competitive inhibitor of PKCα and PKCβ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001312 controlled Pkc-IN-1 content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001311 Pkc-IN-1 This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a solid diet in which the amount of Pkc-IN-1 is maintained at a specified level. Pkc-IN-1 is a potent, ATP-competitive inhibitor of PKCα and PKCβ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001313 inferior alveolar nerve transection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is transection of the inferior alveolar nerve, a model of a peripheral nerve injury. The inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) is a branch of the mandibular nerve in the lower jaw. The inferior alveolar nerve branches into the mylohyoid nerve and the mental nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001314 forced activity in rotating cylinder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000059 physical activity This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is forced activity in rotating cylinder, which can be used with rodents as a model of human shift work. The rotating cylinder (~1 revolution per 3 minutes) forces the subject to move and reposition repeatedly during a specified period. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001315 Tianhe Zhuifeng Gao http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000106 anesthetic/analgesic This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Tianhe Zhuifeng Gao, a complex mixture of herbal and other medicinal ingredients. Tianhe Zhuifeng Gao is an external analgesic used as a plaster formulation or a liquid extract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001316 methamphetamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000342 chemical with specified structure This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is methamphetamine, a member of the class of amphetamines in which the amino group of (S)-amphetamine carries a methyl substituent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001317 C4 spinal cord hemi-contusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001041 experimental spinal cord contusion This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an experimental surgical procedure involving hemilaminectomy/laminectomy of the fourth cervical vertebra and delivery of a controlled contusion to one side of the spinal cord by a mechanical apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001318 motor cortex stimulation via implanted electrode array http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000027 surgical implantation This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the alteration of nerve activity through targeted delivery of an electrical stimulus directly to a specific area of motor cortex. This is done with implanted electrode(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000624 thiobutabarbital http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000106 anesthetic/analgesic A short-acting barbiturate derivative invented in the 1950s. It has sedative, anticonvulsant and hypnotic effects, and is still used in veterinary medicine for induction in surgical anaesthesia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000625 urethane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent Antineoplastic agent that is also used as a veterinary anesthetic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000626 removal of maxillary molar crown http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000026 surgical removal Surgical removal of a maxillary molar crown at the gingival line. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000829 corn oil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000774 oil Corn oil is a refined fixed, that is, nonvolatile, oil obtained from from the germ of corn kernels. It has high polyunsaturated lipid content and is used as a delivery vehicle for lipophilic substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000839 finerenone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000838 mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist Any condition in which the main influencing factor is finerenone, a nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000684 nateglinide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000407 hypoglycemic agent A condition in which the main influencing factor is nateglinide, an N-acyl-D-phenylalanine resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of D-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of trans-4-isopropylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid. An orally-administered, rapidly-absorbed, short-acting insulinotropic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000895 controlled cyclodextrin (CD)-clathrated hesperetin content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000725 cyclodextrin (CD)-clathrated hesperetin A regimen of solid food in which the amount of cyclodextrin (CD)-clathrated hesperetin is controlled. CD-clathrated hesperetin is the aglycone of hesperidin. Clathration by CD enhances hesperetin solubility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000893 controlled ramipril content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of ramipril in which the amount of ramipril consumed is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000915 controlled ethanol content drinking water used as vehicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000023 controlled ethanol content drinking water Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of ethanol, serving as a control condition for some chemical delivered in ethanol and drinking water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000715 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000970 protein kinase inhibitor Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical which decreases or interferes with the activity of a mitogen-activated protein kinase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000819 gene transfer using plasmid vector pVAX2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000818 gene transfer using plasmid vector A condition in which gene transfer has been performed using the plasmid pVAX2 as the carrier of the genetic material. The pVAX2 plasmid is based on the pVAX1 plasmid, which was designed for use in the development of DNA vaccines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000940 controlled ex vivo pancreas condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000464 controlled ex vivo organ condition This is an experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of a pancreas, the combined endocrine/exocrine gland situated transversely behind the stomach, between the spleen and the duodenum, is experimentally manipulated or regulated, for example through perfusion, increased or decreased blood flow, etc. after removal from the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000943 controlled glucosamine content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of glucosamine in which the amount of glucosamine consumed is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000945 controlled taxifolin content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of taxifolin in which the amount of taxifolin consumed is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001280 open field task http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000059 physical activity This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the open field task, which is designed to measure the movement and other behavior exhibited by a subject responding to an experimentally defined, open space. The open field test is used to assess activity and behavior in laboratory animals, usually rodents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001282 sodium carboxymethylcellulose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001129 carboxymethylcellulose This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is sodium carboxymethylcellulose, a cellulose derivative which is a beta-(1,4)-D-glucopyranose polymer. Sodium carboxymethylcellulose is a commonly used form of carboxymethylcellulose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001283 grouped housing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000033 housing condition This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is grouped housing, a living situation involving four or more individual subjects housed in the same structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001284 soiled cage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000033 housing condition This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a soiled cage, a housing condition designed to create stress in subjects living in such housing. The soiled cage is typically a cage in which excess water has been introduced to the bedding (for example: 200 ml water in 100 g of sawdust bedding). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000605 aflatoxin B1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000240 toxin An aflatoxin having a tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]furo[3',2':4,5]furo[2,3-h]chromene skeleton with oxygen functionality at positions 1, 4 and 11. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000678 gene transfer of the rat MER proto-oncogene, tyrosine kinase gene using an adenovirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000529 gene transfer using adenovirus vector A condition in which the rat MER proto-oncogene, tyrosine kinase gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using an adenovirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000679 fenofibrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000680 antilipemic agent A chlorobenzophenone that is (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methanone substituted by a [2-methyl-1-oxo-1-(propan-2-yloxy)propan-2-yl]oxy group at position 1 on the phenyl ring. Used as a lipid -lowering drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000760 26 kDa Schistosoma mansoni antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000260 peptide/protein antigen A condition in which the major influencing factor is a soluble Schistosoma mansoni protein expressed by the schistosomulum and target of cytotoxic IgE antibodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000870 rat adipose-derived stem cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000851 stem cells A condition in which the main influencing factor is a rat stem cell, isolated from subcutaneous fat tissue and cultured in vitro. A stem cell is an unspecialized cell capable of perpetuating itself through cell division and having the potential to give rise to a variety of differentiated cells with specialized functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000736 diphtheria toxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000240 toxin An ADP-ribosylating polypeptide produced by CORYNEBACTERIUM DIPHTHERIAE that can cause a localized infection of mucous membranes or skin (diphtheria), myocarditis, polyneuritis, and other systemic toxic effects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000806 selective retinal therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000803 subthreshold laser therapy Selective retinal therapy (SRT) is a subthreshold laser therapy used to treat retinal disorders while preventing severe damage to the retina. In SRT RPE (retinal pigment epithelium) cells are selectively damaged without affecting the photoreceptors or choroid by using laser pulse durations of microseconds or nanoseconds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000818 gene transfer using plasmid vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000528 gene transfer A condition in which gene transfer has been performed using a plasmid as the carrier of the genetic material. A plasmid is a small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule that is distinct from a cell's chromosomal DNA. Plasmids naturally exist in bacterial cells, and they also occur in some eukaryotes. Plasmids that are used experimentally as molecular tools are called vectors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000852 human periodontal ligament-derived stem cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000851 stem cells A condition in which the main influencing factor is human periodontal ligament-derived stem cells, which reside in the perivascular space of the periodontium, possess characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells and are a promising tool for periodontal and other tissue type regeneration. The advantages of the use of dental stem cells include their easy isolation by noninvasive routine clinical procedures, their broad differentiation potential, minimal ethical concerns, and that they may enable autologous transplantation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000841 GSK-812 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is GSK-812, a potent neuroprotectant that can induce GDNF in normal and diseased retina, and antagonizes multiple receptors, including D2 and D3 receptors, and 5-HT2A, 2C, and 5-HT6 receptors.. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000859 rat anti-control-Ab2 T cell line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000858 rat anti-control-Ab2 T cells Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of cultured cells derived from T cells prepared from the lymph nodes of rats immunized with Ab2 antibodies. These Ab2 antibodies are antiidiotypic antibodies raised against non-specific IgE antibodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000931 celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery constriction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000596 blood vessel constriction This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is surgical narrowing of the lumen of the celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000732 CC531 cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000709 cancer cells A condition in which the main influencing factor is CC531, a rat colonic adenocarcinoma cell line used to study metastasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000959 Guanabenz http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000863 antihypertensive agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a dichlorobenzene derivative that is a cell-permeable α2-adrenoceptor agonist used as an antihypertensive agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000949 PPDA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000947 NMDA receptor antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is PPDA, a subtype-selective NMDA receptor antagonist that preferentially binds to GluN2C/GluN2D (NR2C/NR2D) containing receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000729 enrasentan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000730 endothelin receptor antagonist Enrasentan is an orally active mixed endothelin A/B receptor antagonist with a 100-fold greater affinity for the endothelin A receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000647 darusentan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000730 endothelin receptor antagonist A selective endothelin ETA receptor antagonist. It is being evaluated as a treatment for congestive heart failure and hypertension. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000648 clodronic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent An organochlorine compound that is methylene chloride in which both hydrogens are replaced by phosphonic acid groups. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification, and is used (often as the disodium salt tetrahydrate) as an adjunct in the treatment of severe hypercalcemia associated with malignancy, and in the management of osteolytic lesions and bone pain associated with skeletal metastases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000649 trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000259 disease-inducing chemical This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline, an optically active form of 4-hydroxyproline having L-trans-configuration. Trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline is a human, mouse, and plant metabolite that is also used to cause disease in a rat model of urolithiasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000722 solid food deprivation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000461 restricted feeding This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is solid food deprivation, a condition in which solid food is withheld for a specified period of time, while nourishment through liquids is provided. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000700 controlled BAY60-4552 content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A regimen of solid food in which the amount of BAY60-4552 consumed is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000754 bilateral carotid artery occlusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000704 carotid artery occlusion A surgical manipulation causing blockage of both of the common carotid arteries, or left and right branches (internal or external) of the common carotid arteries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000697 GSK2181236A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000695 soluble guanylate cyclase activator This chemical belongs to a novel group of small molecule compounds which increase the enzymatic activity of soluble guanylate cyclase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000875 isolated lung perfusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000874 controlled in situ lung condition An experimental condition consisting of right or left thoracotomy with cannulation of pulmonary artery and vein, perfusion via artery, and collection of effluent from pulmonary vein to prevent systemic circulation of treatment or vehicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000785 PROb cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000709 cancer cells A condition in which the main influencing factor is a rat cell line derived from a colonic adenocarcinoma induced by 1,2- dimethylhydrazine in BDIX rats. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000769 antiserum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000761 biologics and probiotics Blood serum that contains antibodies against an infective agent (such as a bacteria or virus) or toxic substance (such as snake venom) and may be used to prevent or treat infection or poisoning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000920 controlled mineral content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A regimen of solid food in which the amount of an inorganic element or compound containing a metal, nonmetal, radical, or phosphate that is needed for proper body function and maintenance of health, is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000942 controlled saxagliptin content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000632 saxagliptin A solid diet in which the amount of saxagliptin, an oral antidiabetic drug in the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor class, is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000910 controlled dehydroepiandrosterone content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000865 dehydroepiandrosterone A regimen of solid food in which the amount of dehydroepiandrosterone consumed is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000630 cholinergic antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist Agents that bind to cholinoceptors (muscarinic or nicotinic) and prevent the effects of acetylcholine (ACh) and other cholinergic agonists. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000631 atropine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000630 cholinergic antagonist A naturally occurring belladonna alkaloid, is a racemic mixture of equal parts of d- and l-hyoscyamine, whose activity is due almost entirely to the levo isomer of the drug. Atropine is commonly classified as an anticholinergic or antiparasympathetic (parasympatholytic) drug. More precisely, however, it is termed an antimuscarinic agent since it antagonizes the muscarine-like actions of acetylcholine and other choline esters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000632 saxagliptin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000407 hypoglycemic agent A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S)-amino(3-hydroxyadamantan-1-yl)acetic acid with the amino group of (1S,3S,5S)-2-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-3-carbonitrile. Used in its monohydrate form for the treatment of Type II diabetes. It belongs to the biological class EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000633 hydrocortisone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000229 steroid hormone Cortisol is a steroid hormone, in the glucocorticoid class of hormones. When used as a medication, it is known as hydrocortisone. It is produced in many animals mainly by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex within the adrenal gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000634 antidiuretic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is an antidiuretic, a substance that helps to control fluid balance in an animal's body by reducing urination, opposing diuresis. Its effects are opposite that of a diuretic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000635 polyfructosan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000174 inulin A naturally occurring sugar polymer that acts as an energy storage molecule in plants. It is an inulin analogue and highly soluble in water . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000636 immunosuppressive agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an agent that suppresses immune function by one of several mechanisms of action. Classical cytotoxic immunosuppressants act by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Others may act through activation of T-cells or by inhibiting the activation of helper cells. In addition, an immunosuppressive agent is a role played by a compound which is exhibited by a capability to diminish the extent and/or voracity of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000637 cyclosporine A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000636 immunosuppressive agent A cyclic nonribosomal peptide of eleven amino acids; an immunosuppressant drug widely used in post-allogeneic organ transplant to reduce the activity of the patient's immune system, and therefore the risk of organ rejection. Also causes reversible inhibition of immunocompetent lymphocytes in the G0- and G1-phase of the cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000638 Capsazepine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-2-benzazepine which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8 and on the nitrogen atom by a 2-(p-chlorophenyl)ethylaminothiocarbonyl group. A synthetic analogue of capsaicin, it was the first reported capsaicin receptor antagonist. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000639 V1-Cal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000193 peptide/protein Peptides developed according to the calcineurin A-interacting site on the C-terminus of Trpv1 was were synthesized as 1 polypeptide with transactivator of transcription (TAT)47‐57 carrier in the following order: N‐terminus–TAT47‐57–spacer (Gly‐Gly)–cargo–C terminus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000640 controlled in situ myocardial condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000166 controlled in situ organ condition Any experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of the myocardial system is altered. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000641 myocardial reperfusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000640 controlled in situ myocardial condition This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is myocardial reperfusion, any situation in which the flow of blood to the heart is restored after a period of blood vessel occlusion occurring experimentally. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000642 monocrotaline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000239 toxic substance Monocrotaline is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid and a toxic plant constituent that poisons livestock and humans through the ingestion of contaminated grains and other foods. The alkaloid causes pulmonary artery hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pathological changes in the pulmonary vasculature. Significant attenuation of the cardiopulmonary changes are noted after oral magnesium treatment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000751 unilateral carotid artery occlusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000704 carotid artery occlusion A surgical manipulation causing blockage of one of the common carotid arteries, or of a branch (internal or external) of the common carotid arteries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000747 housing with Pasteurellaceae-infected subject http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000741 housing with bacterial pathogen-infected subject A condition in which subjects are maintained in housing groups in which at least one subject had a Pasteurellaceae infection during the time period leading up to the specified housing period. Pasteurellaceae is a large family of Gram-negative bacteria including the genera Pasteurella and Haemophilus, some of which are pathogenic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000871 5-fluorouracil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000636 immunosuppressive agent A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. Following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, It inhibits DNA synthesis by blocking the thymidylate synthetase conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000845 pregnenolone 16alpha-carbonitrile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000135 receptor agonist Any condition in which the main influencing factor is pregnenolone 16alpha-carbonitrile, a catatoxic steroid that acts as an agonist of the rodent pregnane X receptor (PXR; Nr1i2). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000687 cenicriviroc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000657 antiviral agent An experimental drug candidate for the treatment of HIV infection and in combination with Tropifexor for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. It is an inhibitor of CCR2 and CCR5 receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000737 endotoxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000239 toxic substance A component of bacterial cells, an endotoxin can be a part of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria (lipopolysacharride) or a part or the "spore" of gram-positive bacteria (delta endotoxin). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000696 soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000694 enzyme activator An allosteric enzyme activator that increases guanylate cyclase activity only when the heme iron is in its reduced state (Fe2+). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000731 controlled enrasentan content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000729 enrasentan A regimen of solid food in which the amount of enrasentan consumed is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000796 U46619 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000135 receptor agonist A prostaglandin endoperoxide analogue (11,9 epoxymethano-prostaglandin H2) that is a selective agonist of prostaglandin H2 (PGH2)/thromboxane A2 (TxA2) (TP) receptor. It is a stable thromboxane A2 mimetic and a vasoconstrictor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000727 splenectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000026 surgical removal Surgical removal of part or all of the spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000744 housing with Haemophilus H21-infected subject http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000742 housing with Haemophilus-infected subject A condition in which subjects are maintained in housing groups in which at least one subject had a Haemophilus H21 infection during the time period leading up to the specified housing period. Haemophilus H21 is a strain of Haemophilus, a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000711 taurolidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent An antimicrobial that is also being studied as a treatment for cancer. It is derived from the endogenous amino acid taurine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000888 pilocarpine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000886 epilepsy-inducing chemical Pilocarpine is a miotic alkaloid obtained from jaborandi that is used chiefly in the form of its hydrochloride or nitrate especially in the treatment of glaucoma. It is a cholinergic (muscarinic) agonist and used to cause seizures in animal models of epilepsy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000886 epilepsy-inducing chemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000259 disease-inducing chemical A condition in which the main influencing factor is substance that causes seizures in experimental animals, initiated by the injection of a drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000853 rat serum from subject bearing a B48-14 IgE-producing hybridoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000769 antiserum Any condition in which the main influencing factor is serum prepared from rats bearing a subcutaneously injected B48-14 IgE-producing hybridoma. The serum is essentially antiserum containing B48-14 IgE, which are directed against a S. mansoni adult worm antigen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000865 dehydroepiandrosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000229 steroid hormone A condition in which the main influencing factor is an androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a major C19 steroid produced by the adrenal cortex. It is also produced in small quantities in the testis and the ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000862 bendroflumethiazide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000863 antihypertensive agent A condition in which the main influencing factor is bendroflumethiazide, a sulfonamide consisting of 7-sulfamoyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a trifluoromethyl group and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzyl group. It has been used in the treatment of familial hyperkalemia, hypertension, edema, and urinary tract disorders. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001085 experimental epidural spinal cord compression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001091 experimental spinal cord injury This is a condition induced by an experimental surgical procedure involving disruption of CSF circulation in the spinal cord. This artificial compression is intended to mimic the human disease canalicular syringomyelia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001301 AEGE extract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is AEGE extract, an herbal mixture extracted from the dried roots and rhizomes or stems of Acanthopanax senticosus Harms (ASH; Eleutherococcus senticosus; Siberian Ginseng) and Gastrodia elata Blume (Tianma; GE). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001302 dapagliflozin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000407 hypoglycemic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor used for managing diabetes mellitus type 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001303 sinomenine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000140 vasodilator This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is sinomenine, a unique plant alkaloid that releases histamine in association with degranulation of tissue mast cells in mammalian tissues. Sinomenine has been used in herbal medicine for the treatment of rheumatism and arthritis. Sinomenine also has anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000535 lisinopril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000524 angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor A condition in which the main influencing factor is lisinopril, an antihypertensive competitive inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000537 olmesartan medoxomil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000536 angiotensin II receptor antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is olmesartan medoxomil, an angiotensin II receptor blocker which is used as an antihypertensive agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000538 temocapril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000524 angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is temocapril, an angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor consisting of a dipeptide prodrug with a thiazepine ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000539 doxorubicin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000482 antimicrobial agent An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is doxorubicin, a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic isolated from cultures of Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius and used as a chemotherapy medication. Doxorubicin binds to nucleic acids, presumably by specific intercalation of the planar anthracycline nucleus with the DNA double helix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000540 delapril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000524 angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is delapril, an antihypertensive prodrug that, when converted to its active metabolites 5-hydroxy delapril diacid and delapril diacid, acts as an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000541 bosentan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000730 endothelin receptor antagonist An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is bosentan, a competitive antagonist of endothelin-1 that blocks the binding of endothelin to both the endothelin-A (ET-A) and endothelin-B (ET-B)receptors. Bosentan is used in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000542 enalapril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000524 angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is enalapril, a prodrug that is rapidly metabolized in the liver to enalaprilat, a potent, competitive inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000546 vitamin analog http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000377 vitamin A condition in which the main influencing factor is a compound with structural and/or functional similarity to a vitamin and can therefore be substituted for the analogous vitamin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000547 paricalcitol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000546 vitamin analog An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is paricalcitol, an analog of vitamin D2 used for the prevention and treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000548 ramipril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000524 angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is ramipril, a prodrug that is metabolized in the liver to ramiprilat, a potent, competitive inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000549 left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000347 blood vessel occlusion A surgical manipulation causing blockage of the left anterior descending coronary artery, the artery supplying blood to approximately half of the left ventricle of the heart including the anterolateral myocardium, apex, and interventricular septum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000550 reserpine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000120 inhibitor An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is reserpine, an indole alkaloid which irreversibly blocks the vesicular monoamine transporters (VMATs), SLC18A1 and SLC18A2. Reserpine has been used as both an antihypertensive drug and an antipsychotic drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000551 hydralazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000140 vasodilator An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is hydralazine, a vasodilator that appears to have multiple, direct effects on smooth muscles of the arterial vessels, thereby reducing systemic vascular resistance and arterial pressure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000552 controlled hydralazine content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of hydralazine in which the amount of hydralazine consumed is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000554 controlled phosphorus content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet A regimen of solid food in which the amount of phosphorus consumed is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000555 controlled lisinopril content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of lisinopril consumed by an organism as part of an experiment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000556 amino monosaccharide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000274 monosaccharide Any amino sugar that is a monosaccharide in which one alcoholic hydroxy group is replaced by an amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000557 glucosamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000556 amino monosaccharide Glucosamine, commonly used as a treatment for osteoarthritis, is an amino sugar and a prominent precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids. Since glucosamine is a precursor for glycosaminoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans are a major component of joint cartilage, supplemental glucosamine may help to rebuild cartilage and treat arthritis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000558 taxifolin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000470 flavonoid Taxifolin is a flavanonol and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000559 melatonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000271 antioxidant A biogenic amine that is found in animals and plants. In mammals, melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland. Its secretion increases in darkness and decreases during exposure to light. Melatonin is implicated in the regulation of sleep, mood, and reproduction. Melatonin is also an effective antioxidant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000560 controlled melatonin content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000559 melatonin A solid diet in which the amount of melatonin is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000561 antidepressant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an antidepressant, a mood-stimulating drug used primarily in the treatment of affective disorders and related conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000562 salidroside http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000561 antidepressant This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is salidroside, a glucoside of tyrosol found in the plant Rhodiola rosea. It is thought to be one of the compounds responsible for the antidepressant and anxiolytic actions of this plant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000563 Omacor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000680 antilipemic agent OMACOR is a prescription medicine for adults called a lipid-regulating medicine. It is a mix of docosahexaenoic acid [DHA] (~ 50%) + eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] (~40%) ethylesters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000564 meclofenamate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000506 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug A member of the anthranilic acid derivatives class of NSAID drug used for joint, muscular pain, arthritis and dysmenorrhea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000565 ipragliflozin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000407 hypoglycemic agent A pharmaceutical drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes. Ipragliflozin reduces blood glucose levels by inhibiting the reuptake of glucose by selectively inhibiting SGLT2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000566 controlled ipragliflozin content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000565 ipragliflozin A solid diet in which the amount of ipragliflozin, an oral antidiabetic drug, is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000568 hydralazine hydrochloride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000551 hydralazine A vasodilator and an antioxidant. It relaxes arteries and inhibits membrane-bound enzymes that form reactive oxygen species, such as superoxides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000570 tolvaptan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist A selective and competitive arginine vasopressin receptor 2 antagonist. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000572 vancomycin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is vancomycin, a complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. Vancomycin inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000575 meropenem http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000483 antibacterial agent Meropenem is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000577 proton pump inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000523 enzyme inhibitor Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) reduce the production of acid by blocking H+/K+ ATPase in the wall of the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000578 omeprazole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000577 proton pump inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is omeprazole, a highly effective inhibitor of gastric acid secretion used in the therapy of stomach ulcers and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000579 controlled in situ gastrointestinal condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000166 controlled in situ organ condition Any experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of the gastrointestinal system is altered. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000580 forced feeding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000013 diet This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the administration of food or drug by force, especially to a laboratory animal, typically through a tube leading down the throat to the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000581 oral gavage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000580 forced feeding This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is the introduction of material, food, or drug into the stomach by a tube via the oral cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000585 scrambled control oligodeoxynucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000234 deoxyribonucleic acid A control oligodeoxynucleotide with a non-specific scrambled sequence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000587 intracerebroventricular cannula implantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000027 surgical implantation Stereotaxic implant with a stainless steel cannula into a cerebral ventricle, which can be connected via silastic tubing to a miniosmotic pump for chronic infusion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000588 perindopril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000524 angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor Perindopril is a nonsulfhydryl prodrug that belongs to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor class of medications. It is rapidly metabolized in the liver to perindoprilat, a potent, competitive inhibitor of ACE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000589 Moexipril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000524 angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor A condition in which the main influencing factor is Moexipril, a non-sulfhydryl-containing precursor of the active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor Moexiprilat and a vasodilatory antihypertensive drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000590 icatibant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist A synthetic decapeptide that is a bradykinin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of hereditary angioedema. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000591 quinapril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000524 angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor A prodrug that is metabolized to quinaprilat (quinapril diacid), a competitive inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000600 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000135 receptor agonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, a polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin that activates the aryl hydrocarbon (AH) receptor, a transcription factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000601 gene transfer of the rat natriuretic peptide B gene using an adenovirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000529 gene transfer using adenovirus vector A condition in which the rat natriuretic peptide B gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using an adenovirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000602 rosiglitazone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000407 hypoglycemic agent A peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist; reduces lipid availability, improves insulin action & glucoregulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000603 hesperetin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000470 flavonoid Hesperetin belongs to the flavanone class of flavonoids. Hesperetin, in the form of its glycoside Hesperidin, is the predominant flavonoid in lemons and oranges. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000604 Aprotinin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000748 protease inhibitor Any condition in which the main influencing factor is Aprotinin, also known as bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI), a proteinase inhibitor used as medication administered by injection to reduce bleeding during complex surgery, such as heart and liver surgery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000813 total body irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000043 X-ray exposure Total body irradiation (TBI) is a form of radiotherapy (typically X-rays or gamma rays) used primarily as part of the preparative regimen for hematopoietic stem cell (or bone marrow) transplantation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000765 rat anti-26 kDa T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000763 T cells Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of T cells prepared from the lymph nodes of rats immunized with the 26 kDa antigen secreted from schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000855 rat serum from subject bearing a non-specified IgE-producing hybridoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000769 antiserum Any condition in which the main influencing factor is serum prepared from rats bearing a subcutaneously injected non-specified IgE-producing hybridoma. The serum is essentially antiserum containing control IgE, which are directed against an unspecified antigen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000850 therapeutic agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is a chemical, biologic, or organism that exerts some force or effect resulting in a favorable outcome or improvement in the symptoms of a disorder or disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000794 gene transfer of the lin-28 homolog B gene using an adenovirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000529 gene transfer using adenovirus vector A condition in which the lin-28 homolog B gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using an adenovirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000768 Schistosoma mansoni cercariae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000767 Schistosoma mansoni A condition in which the main influencing factor is the infective cercariae (larvae) of the trematode parasite Schistosoma mansoni. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000885 diabetes-inducing chemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000259 disease-inducing chemical A condition in which the main influencing factor is substance that is toxic to the pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in rodents and other animals and can therefore be used for modeling diabetes mellitus through destruction of the beta cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000787 sodium butyrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000776 fatty acid Any condition in which the main influencing factor is sodium butyrate, an organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of butyric acid (a short-chain fatty acid) by a sodium ion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000695 soluble guanylate cyclase activator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000694 enzyme activator An effector that binds to and activates soluble guanylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.2). It increases the activity of the enzyme only when the heme iron is oxidized (Fe3+) or the heme group is missing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000833 lacidipine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000269 calcium channel inhibitor Any condition in which the main influencing factor is lacidipine, a lipophilic dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker with a slow onset of action used to treat hypertension. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000690 controlled vitamin content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000377 vitamin A solid diet in which the amount of any vitamin is maintained at a specified level. Vitamins are organic substances that are required in small amounts for maintenance and growth, but which cannot be manufactured by the human body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000691 controlled vitamin C content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000690 controlled vitamin content diet A solid diet in which the amount of vitamin C is maintained at a specified level. Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in some foods, added to others, and available as a dietary supplement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000812 controlled hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000595 surgical manipulation of blood vessels This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is controlled hemorrhage, the drawing of blood (by venipuncture or artery puncture) for transfusion, apheresis, diagnostic testing, or experimental procedures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000840 Eplerenone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000838 mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist Any condition in which the main influencing factor is Eplerenone, a steroidal antimineralocorticoid of the spirolactone group and a selective aldosterone receptor antagonist (SARA). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000783 cytokine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000193 peptide/protein This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a cytokine, a small secreted protein that has a specific effect on the interactions and communications between cells. Cytokine is a general name for other signaling molecules, including lymphokines, monokines, and chemokines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000775 soybean oil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000774 oil Any condition in which the main influencing factor is soybean oil. Soybean oil is a pale yellow drying or semidrying oil that is obtained from soybeans and is used chiefly as a food, in paints, varnishes, linoleum, printing ink, and soap, and as a source of phospholipids, fatty acids, and sterols. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001080 monoiodoacetate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000261 arthritis inducing chemical This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is monoiodoacetate, a haloacetate(1-) resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group of iadoacetic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001081 SBFI-103 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000120 inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is SBFI-103, a selective FABP5 inhibitor. It is an experimental drug for treatment of cancer and osteoarthritis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001082 bovine type II collagen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000281 type II collagen This is any condition in which the major influencing factor is the fibrillar collagen which comprises the main component of cartilage and is also found in the vitreous humor of the eye. Collagens are a family of extracellular, closely related proteins occurring as a major component of connective tissue, giving it strength and flexibility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001083 imperatorin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000523 enzyme inhibitor This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is imperatorin, a member of the class of psoralens that is psoralen substituted by a prenyloxy group at position 8. Isolated from Angelica dahurica and Angelica koreana, it acts as a acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001084 beta-Sitosterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000091 steroid This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is beta-Sitosterol, one of several phytosterols (plant sterols) with chemical structures similar to that of cholesterol. It is a white, waxy powder with a characteristic odor, and is one of the components of the food additive E499. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001258 valproate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000950 anticonvulsant This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is valproate, a branched-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of valproic acid. Valproic acid is used in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001259 valsartan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000536 angiotensin II receptor antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is valsartan, a monocarboxylic acid amide and angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker that is used to treat hypertension. Valsartan is also used in the management of heart failure and type 2 diabetes-associated nephropathy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001260 sterile water, pH-adjusted http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001247 sterile water This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is pH-adjusted sterile water, an acidity- or alkalinity-adjusted sterile water that is equilibrated to a specific pH. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001261 Ma Xing Shi Gan decoction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000657 antiviral agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is Ma Xing Shi Gan decoction, an anti-inflammatory and antiviral drug of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Ma Xing Shi Gan decoction has shown some effectiveness in the treatment of COVID-19 infection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001262 ximelagatran http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001090 anticoagulant This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is ximelagatran, which is an anticoagulant, a serine protease inhibitor and a prodrug for melagatran. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001263 zafirlukast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is zafirlukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) and cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) inhibitor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001264 phloretin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is phloretin, an antineoplastic agent and natural dihydrochalcone found in many fruits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001265 stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is stress, which is a physical, chemical, or emotional factor that causes bodily or mental tension and may be a factor in disease causation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001267 reversed light/dark cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000459 controlled light/dark cycle This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a reversed light/dark cycle, a light/dark cycle that is opposite of the normal day/night conditions the subject or patient experiences. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001269 forced swimming http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000006 swimming This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is forced swimming, a situation in which the subject (typically a laboratory rodent) inside a water-filled cylinder must swim to survive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001270 forced cold water swimming http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001269 forced swimming This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is forced swimming in cold water, a situation in which the subject (typically a laboratory rodent), inside a water-filled cylinder, must swim to survive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001271 zimelidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000561 antidepressant This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is zimelidine, an SRI (serotonin uptake inhibitor) antidepressant whose use was discontinued because of the risk of Guillain-Barre syndrome as a side effect. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001272 zolpidem http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000135 receptor agonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is zolpidem, an imidazopyridine derivative and short-acting GABA-A receptor agonist that is used for the treatment of insomnia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001273 high-protein/ammoniagenic diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000030 controlled protein content diet This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a high-protein/ammoniagenic diet, which is a standard diet supplemented with additional amino acids including leucine (~13% of amino acids), valine (~11% of amino acids), and the absence of isoleucine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001274 telmisartan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000536 angiotensin II receptor antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is telmisartan, a biphenyl compound and benzimidazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist used in the management of hypertension. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000656 ganciclovir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000657 antiviral agent An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a [(1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl)oxy]methyl group at position 9. Ganciclovir is an antiviral drug used to treat or prevent AIDS-related cytomegalovirus infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000657 antiviral agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000482 antimicrobial agent A substance that kills or slows the growth of a virus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000658 nisoldipine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000269 calcium channel inhibitor A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nisoldipine. A calcium channel blocker, it is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000659 controlled nisoldipine content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000658 nisoldipine A regimen of solid food in which the amount of nisoldipine consumed is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000660 controlled nisoldipine content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water A drink made up of water and a specified amount of nisoldipine in which the amount of nisoldipine consumed is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000661 one-kidney, one-clip occlusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000596 blood vessel constriction A surgical manipulation causing blood vessel blockage by the clipping of one renal artery and surgical removal of the contralateral kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000662 two-kidney, one-clip occlusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000596 blood vessel constriction A surgical manipulation causing blood vessel blockage by the clipping of one renal artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000663 two-kidney, two-clip occlusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000596 blood vessel constriction A surgical manipulation causing blood vessel blockage by the dissection and clipping of both renal arteries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000836 gene transfer of the HSV-tk gene using an adenovirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000529 gene transfer using adenovirus vector A condition in which the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using an adenovirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000801 controlled gliadin content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000030 controlled protein content diet A regimen of solid food in which the amount of gliadin consumed is controlled. Gliadins are a group of proteins called alpha, beta, gamma and omega according to their relative electrophoretic mobility in gels. They are the major component of wheat gluten and made up of single-chain polypeptides with an average molecular weight of 25–100 kDa linked by intramolecular disulfide bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000748 protease inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000523 enzyme inhibitor Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a substance which decreases or interferes with the activity of a protease, any of numerous enzymes that hydrolyze proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000823 peanut oil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000774 oil Any condition in which the main influencing factor is peanut oil, a colorless to yellow fatty nondrying oil that is obtained from peanuts and is used chiefly as a salad oil, in margarine, in soap, and as a vehicle in pharmaceutical preparations and cosmetics. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000858 rat anti-control-Ab2 T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000763 T cells Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of T cells prepared from the lymph nodes of rats immunized with Ab2 antibodies. These Ab2 antibodies are antiidiotypic antibodies raised against non-specific IgE antibodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000805 nondamaging retinal laser therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000803 subthreshold laser therapy Nondamaging retinal laser therapy (NRT) is a retinal treatment with a lack of tissue damage. Lack of tissue damage allows high-density treatment patterns to increase therapeutic response and periodic retreatments for chronic macular diseases. It is similar to SRT (selective RPE therapy), but using lower energy to avoid killing retinal pigmented epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000883 pantoprazole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000577 proton pump inhibitor This is a substituted benzimidazole and proton pump inhibitor that is used in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux and peptic ulcer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000761 biologics and probiotics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a biologic (product of, or component of, a living organism) or probiotic introduced externally or internally to a subject to effect a change in phenotype of the subject, usually in treatment of a medical condition. Probiotics are live microorganisms that are intended to have health benefits when consumed or applied to the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000842 nicotinic antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000630 cholinergic antagonist Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a nicotinic antagonist, a type of anticholinergic drug that inhibits the action of acetylcholine (ACh) at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000750 diclofenac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000106 anesthetic/analgesic This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is diclofenac, a monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000710 DHD/K12/TRb cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000709 cancer cells A condition in which the main influencing factor is a rat colonic carcinoma cell line used to study biochemical correlates of metastasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000866 anal sphincter myotomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation Any process involving manual and instrumental techniques for incision of the internal anal sphincter muscle. The inner is controlled by the nervous system, while the external anal sphincter muscle is under voluntary control. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000878 Hespan buffer perfusate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000115 perfusate Any condition in which the main influencing factor is Hespan buffer (6% hetastarch in buffered solution) injected or pumped into, or poured through, an organ or tissue, usually via a blood vessel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000946 midafotel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000947 NMDA receptor antagonist This is a member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine substituted by a carboxy group at position 2R and a (1E)-1-phosphonoprop-1-en-3-yl group at position 4. It is an antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and originally designed as a potential therapy for excitotoxicity, epilepsy or neuropathic pain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000901 controlled delapril content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water This is an experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of delapril in which the amount of delapril consumed is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000627 spironolactone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000122 diuretic Any condition in which the main influencing factor isspironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic that competitively inhibits mineralocorticoid receptors in the distal convoluted tubule to promote sodium and water excretion and potassium retention. Spironolactone is indicated to treat a number of conditions including heart failure, edema, hyperaldosteronism, adrenal hyperplasia, hypertension, and nephrotic syndrome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000628 atorvastatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000680 antilipemic agent Atorvastatin (Lipitor) is a member of the drug class known as statins. It is used for lowering cholesterol. Atorvastatin is a competitive inhibitor of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the rate-determining enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis via the mevalonate pathway. HMG-CoA reductase catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate. Atorvastatin acts primarily in the liver. Decreased hepatic cholesterol levels increases hepatic uptake of cholesterol and reduces plasma cholesterol levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000629 carbenoxolone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000279 terpene An agent derived from licorice root. It is used for the treatment of digestive tract ulcers, especially in the stomach. Antidiuretic side effects are frequent, but otherwise the drug is low in toxicity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000792 emodin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000435 antineoplastic agent A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, and 8 and by a methyl group at position 6. It is present in the roots and barks of numerous plants (particularly rhubarb and buckthorn), moulds, and lichens. It is an active ingredient of various Chinese herbs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000894 controlled hesperidin content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000726 hesperidin A regimen of solid food in which the amount of hesperidin, a disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage, is controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000683 cholestyramine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000680 antilipemic agent A bile acid-binding anticholesteremic drug that helps decrease the risk for strokes and heart attacks. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000929 controlled ColonLYTELY content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water Thia is a drink made up of water and a specified amount of ColonLYTELY (5.9% Macrogol 3350 solution) in which the amount of ColonLYTELY consumed is maintained at a specified level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000764 rat anti-Ab2 T cell line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000762 rat anti-Ab2 T cells Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an injection of cultured cells derived from T cells prepared from the lymph nodes of rats immunized with Ab2 antibodies. These Ab2 antibodies are antiidiotypic antibodies raised against anti-26 kDa (antigen secreted from schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni) IgE antibodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000536 angiotensin II receptor antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000160 receptor antagonist This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, an agent that blocks angiotensin II receptors and is used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000685 fat emulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function A liquid composed of two immiscible substances, typically some form of fat and water. In parenteral nutrition, a fat emulsion may contain phospholipids, triglycerides and essential fatty acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000781 positively charged liposomes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000780 liposomes An experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is positively charged liposomes, artificial positively charged vesicles composed of one or more concentric phospholipid bilayers and used to deliver biologically relevant substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000803 subthreshold laser therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000720 laser photocoagulation Subthreshold therapy is photocoagulation that does not produce clinical or histologic evidence of retinal damage. Therapeutic benefit is thought to be derived by inducing thermal stress on RPE cells. The goal of the subthreshold therapy is to maintain the temperature rise below the threshold of irreversible thermal damage. The main types are micropulse, selective retinal therapy (SRT), and continuous wave laser with EndPoint Management (algorithm/protocol). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000743 Haemophilus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000475 bacterial pathogen A condition in which the primary influencing factor is a species of Haemophilus, a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000837 gene transfer of the 15-LO-1 gene using an adenovirus vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000529 gene transfer using adenovirus vector A condition in which the 15-Lipoxygenase-1 (15-LO-1) gene has been (transiently or stably) transferred into a cell or organism using an adenovirus carrier in order to induce synthesis of that gene's product in the recipient cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000822 JTE-607 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000120 inhibitor JTE-607 is a pro-drug that is cleaved by carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) to its active metabolite, which then binds to cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor 3 (CPSF3). JTE-607 reduces the production of proinflammatory cytokines in models of acute injury, septic shock and endotoxemia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000820 gene transfer using empty plasmid vector pVAX2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000819 gene transfer using plasmid vector pVAX2 A control condition in which gene transfer has been performed using an empty plasmid pVAX2. The pVAX2 plasmid is based on the pVAX1 plasmid, which was designed for use in the development of DNA vaccines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000726 hesperidin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000603 hesperetin A disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000733 sanguinarine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000482 antimicrobial agent A benzophenanthridine alkaloid derived from Sanguinaria canadensis and poppy Fumaria species, shown to exhibit anti-microbial, anti-tumoral, and anti-inflammatory activities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000721 eprosartan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000536 angiotensin II receptor antagonist This is any condition whose main influencing factor is eprosartan, a member of the class of imidazoles and thiophenes that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used for the treatment of high blood pressure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000961 controlled ex vivo heart condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000464 controlled ex vivo organ condition This is an experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of a heart is experimentally manipulated or regulated, for example through perfusion, increased or decreased blood flow, etc. after removal from the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000881 4[N-methyl-14C] iodoantipyrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000171 radioactively labeled chemical This is 4-Iodoantipyrine, labeled with C-14 on the N-methyl group. Iodoantipyrine readily crosses the blood-brain barrier, and has been used to measure total and regional cerebral blood flow in vivo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000622 tritiated quinidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000171 radioactively labeled chemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000623 tritiated digoxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000171 radioactively labeled chemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000033 housing condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000111 temperature exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000211 controlled sucrose content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000014 controlled content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000571 controlled tolvaptan content diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000570 tolvaptan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000069 standard diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000099 control condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000209 hepatectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000026 surgical removal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000075 tea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000028 caffeinated drink http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000034 individual housing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000033 housing condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000035 housing in pairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000033 housing condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000036 housing with socially dominant partner http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000490 ongoing social environment condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000037 housing with socially subordinate partner http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000490 ongoing social environment condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000085 stationary bicycle dynamometer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000063 cycling, stationary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000067 body position change, seated to standing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000066 body position change http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000068 body position change, supine to standing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000066 body position change http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000151 chemical time series http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000088 chemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000567 adrenomedulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000228 peptide hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000569 controlled hydralazine hydrochloride content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000574 controlled vancomycin content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000572 vancomycin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000576 controlled meropenem content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000163 controlled content drinking water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000595 surgical manipulation of blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000165 surgical manipulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000586 Gnai2 antisense oligonucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000234 deoxyribonucleic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000136 enzyme substrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000144 neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000341 chemical with specified function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000643 controlled exposure to a foster mother of a different strain within the same species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000491 controlled exposure to an organism of the same species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001151 Augmentin This is any condition whose main influencing factor is Augmentin, a fixed-ratio combination of amoxicillin trihydrate and potassium clavulanate. Augmentin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001170 levofloxacin This is any condition whose main influencing factor is levofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic with activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria compared to R-(+)-ofloxacin and remains stereochemically stable following administration (i.e. it does not invert to the inactive isomer). Levofloxacin is an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001243 wind This is any condition in which the major influencing factor is wind, the movement of air of any velocity, especially an experimentally controlled velocity. The air may be ambient or otherwise controlled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001252 PC-AR This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is PC-AR, an extract derived from a 60%-40% mix (by weight) of Poria cocos and Alismatis rhizoma. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001109 glycosaminoglycan This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a glycosaminoglycan, any polysaccharide composed of repeating disaccharide units and containing a substantial proportion of amino monosaccharide residues. Glycosaminoglycans are constituents of mucoproteins, glycoproteins, and blood-group substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001188 neomycin sulfate This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is neomycin sulfate, the sulfate salt form of neomycin, a broad spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from Streptomyces fradiae with antibacterial activity. Neomycin is an antibiotic complex consisting of 3 components: the two isomeric components B and C are the active components, and neomycin A is the minor component. Neomycin is a protein synthesis inhibitor and bacteriacidal agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000791 standard condition A condition defined by a mostly uniform set of parameters accepted as normal or average and used by general consent as a basis of comparison. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000928 ColonLYTELY This is a colonoscopy prep composed of 5.9% Macrogol 3350 (polyethylene glycol) and electrolytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000954 glucosamine - alendronate This is a condition in which the main influencing factor is an aqueous mix of glucosamine and alendronic acid (the acid form of alendronate), two chemicals used to promote bone health. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000989 fetal bovine serum This is any experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is fetal bovine serum. Fetal bovine serum is the most widely used serum-supplement for the in vitro cell culture of eukaryotic cells. Fetal bovine serum is derived from the blood drawn from a bovine fetus via a closed system of collection at a slaughterhouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000991 GlutaMAX-I This is any experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is GlutaMAX-I, a dipeptide (L-alanyl-L-glutamine) substitute for L-glutamine that can be used as a direct substitute for L-Glutamine at equimolar concentrations in mammalian and stem cell culture with minimal or no adaptation. L-alanyl-L-glutamine eliminates problems associated with the spontaneous breakdown of L-glutamine during incubation, is highly soluble in aqueous solution, and is heat stable. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000992 B-27 This is any experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is B-27, an optimized serum-free supplement used to support the low- or high-density growth and short- or long-term viability of embryonic, post-natal, and adult hippocampal and other CNS neurons. It is meant to supplement a basal medium such as Neurobasal medium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000995 PDGF-AA This is any experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a dimeric isoform of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-AA). All PDGF isoforms are potent mitogens for connective tissue cells, including dermal fibroblasts, glial cells, arterial smooth muscle cells and some epithelial and endothelial cells. PDGF appears to be ubiquitous in neurons throughout the CNS, where it is suggested to play an important role in neuron survival and regeneration, and in mediation of glial cell proliferation and differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001011 penicillin-streptomycin This is any experimental condition in which the main influencing factor is a mixture of penicillin G and streptomycin (penicillin-streptomycin) that is widely used in mammalian cell culture media to prevent bacterial contamination. The solution contains 5,000 units of penicillin G (sodium salt) which acts as the active base, and 5,000 micrograms of streptomycin (sulfate) (base per milliliter), formulated in 0.85% saline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001050 T8/T9 laminectomy This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is surgical removal of the lamina (dorsal part of vertebra) from both the eighth and the ninth thoracic vertebrae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000918 ambient air This is any condition in which the major influencing factor is atmospheric air in its natural state. The composition of ambient air varies depending on the elevation above sea level, but is typically 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000000 experimental condition A state of being, an external or environmental factor or a treatment observed or administered prior to or concurrent with an investigative procedure such as an assessment of a morphological or physiological state or property in a single individual or sample or in a group of individuals or samples, especially a state, factor or treatment which has the potential to influence the outcome of such an assessment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000010 controlled air oxygen content A condition in which the oxygen level of the air surrounding an organism or breathed by the organism is controlled as part of the experiment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000012 air carbon dioxide content A condition in which the level of carbon dioxide in the air surrounding the organism or breathed by the organism is controlled as part of the experiment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000056 naive control condition A baseline condition in which none of the experimental manipulations are performed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000057 rebreathed air Breathing in again air which has been exhaled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000103 glucose solution A mixture in which molecules of glucose, the monosaccharide sugar (C6H12O6) which is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism, and the chief source of energy for living organisms, are distributed uniformly throughout another substance (the solvent), usually water, so that the mixture is homogeneous at the molecular level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000129 water with NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester Drinking water with a specified concentration of NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) added to it. L-NAME is used as a non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000288 R16 peptide of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein A condition in which the major influencing factor is a 15 amino acid peptide (aa 1177-1191) derived from the interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein, a large glycoprotein, found primarily in the interphotoreceptor matrix of the retina between the retinal pigment epithelium and the photoreceptor cells, which is known to bind retinoids and thought to transport them between the retinal pigment epithelium and the photoreceptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000289 R14 peptide of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein A condition in which the major influencing factor is a 23 amino acid peptide (aa 1169-1191) derived from the interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein, a large glycoprotein, found primarily in the interphotoreceptor matrix of the retina between the retinal pigment epithelium and the photoreceptor cells, which is known to bind retinoids and thought to transport them between the retinal pigment epithelium and the photoreceptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000291 peripheral myelin protein 2 peptide 58-81 A condition in which the major influencing factor is the peptide (KNTEISFKLGQEFEETTADNRKTK) representing residues 58 to 81 of peripheral myelin protein 2, a fatty acid and cholesterol binding protein which together with myelin basic protein constitutes a major fraction of the peripheral nervous system myelin proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000326 controlled ethanol content saline Any condition in which the main influencing factor is ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, suspended in a saline solution, a homogeneous mixture of atoms of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, and an equivalent number of atoms of chlorine, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1 dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000379 alpha-tocopherol A condition in which the main influencing factor is the most active form of vitamin E, a 6-hydroxychroman derivative (chromene) with methyl groups in position 2,5,7, and 8 and a phytyl side chain attached at carbon 2. May be described chemically as 2R-(4'R,8'R)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol, with the term tocol indicating the 2-ring structure (benzopyran-6-ol) basic to all vitamin E compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000389 controlled cigarette smoke content A condition in which the air surrounding an organism or breathed by the organism contains a controlled amount of cigarette smoke, the combined gases and particulates given off when tobacco in the form of a cigarette burns or smolders. A cigarette is a cylinder of cut blonde or black tobacco ensheathed in a tube of paper, with or without an incorporated filter to decrease inhaled tars. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000426 1H-pyrazole This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is 1H-pyrazole, a heterocyclic organic compound with the formula C3H3N2H which is a 5-membered ring of three carbon atoms and two adjacent nitrogen centers, i.e., with nitrogens at positions 1 and 2 of the ring. 1H-pyrazole is a tautomer of 3H-pyrazole and 4H-pyrazole. Pyrazole is a core motif in many antioxidant molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000447 estrus A regularly recurrent state of sexual excitability during which the female of non-primate mammalian species will accept the male and is capable of conceiving. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000448 metestrus The period of regression and sexual inactivity in females of non-primate mammalian species between estrus and diestrus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000449 diestrus A period of sexual quiescence that intervenes between two periods of estrus in females of non-primate mammalian species between. In general during diestrus blood levels of estrogens are minimal, progesterone levels are high and the physiological state in the uterus is most conducive for implantation and growth of the developing fetus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000450 proestrus A preparatory period immediately preceding estrus and characterized by growth of graafian follicles, increased estrogenic activity, and alteration of uterine and vaginal mucosa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000831 2% dimethyl sulfoxide in artificial cerebrospinal fluid Any condition in which the main influencing factor is a 2% solution (v/v) of dimethyl sulfoxide in artificial cerebrospinal fluid, a buffer solution prepared with a composition representative of cerebrospinal fluid. Dimethyl sulfoxide is a 2-carbon sulfoxide and highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000911 sodium bicarbonate This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is sodium bicarbonate, a white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001281 sodium octanoate This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is sodium octanoate, an organic sodium salt comprising equal numbers of sodium and octanoate ions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001299 middle cerebral artery occlusion sham procedure This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion sham procedure, which follows the same surgical process as an MCA occlusion without blocking the middle cerebral artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001300 cerebral reperfusion This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is cerebral reperfusion, any situation in which the flow of blood to the cerebral hemispheres is restored after a period of blood vessel occlusion occurring experimentally. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000582 controlled content oral gavage Oral gavage in which the amount of one or more solutes are adjusted to a requirement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000583 controlled omeprazole content oral gavage An oral gavage solution made up of solvent and a specified amount of omeprazole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000584 controlled cecal material content oral gavage An oral gavage delivery made up of a specified amount of harvested cecal material. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001266 cage tilt This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is cage tilt, a procedure designed to cause mild stress in laboratory animals. Typically, the cage is tilted at 30 - 45 degrees for a few hours at a time to overnight. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0001268 tail clip This is any condition in which the main influencing factor is a tail clip procedure, a procedure done in the process of collecting blood from a laboratory animal. The subject is usually lightly restrained by the handler or by a mechancal device, while a few millimeters is cut off the end of the tail. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000128 drink with chemical additive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000573 null http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has_part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002211 has_component