part of part of capable of ependymal cell brush border epithelial cell choroid plexus epithelial cell 2023-08-04T08:48:30Z A specialized ependymal cell that is part of the choroid plexus epithelium, responsible for producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by selectively filtering and modifying blood plasma components before secreting it into the brain and spinal cord. This cell is characterized by a brush border on its apical surface, which enhances the secretion of CSF. The choroid plexus epithelial cell is one of the crucial cell types found in the choroid plexus, a capillary-rich tissue located in the brain's ventricles. These cells are distinctly cuboidal or columnar, organized in a monolayer pattern with tight junctions that form a barrier between the cerebrospinal fluid inside the ventricles and the blood circulating in the choroid plexus. The polarity of these cells is highly specialized. The apical (ventricular) side, facing the cerebrospinal fluid, is characterized by numerous microvilli and cilia, while the basolateral (vascular) side is located adjacent to the choroidal interstitium. The main function of the choroid plexus epithelial cells is to produce cerebrospinal fluid, an essential fluid that provides mechanical protection, nutrient delivery, and waste removal to and from the brain and spinal cord. These cells actively transport ions, glucose, and other molecules from the blood into the ventricles, driving the osmotic movement of water and the formation of cerebrospinal fluid. The cerebrospinal fluid turnover rate is remarkably high, with the choroid plexus epithelial cells producing approximately 500 mL each day. Another noteworthy function of choroid plexus epithelial cells is their role as a constituent of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. Their organized pattern and tightly connected structure play a key role in strictly controlling the entry of substances from the blood to the cerebrospinal fluid, thus protecting the central nervous system from potentially harmful substances and fluctuations in blood composition. As such, these cells also serve in the transport of certain molecules into the central nervous system and in the clearance of waste products from the cerebrospinal fluid. Emerging evidence also shows that these cells contribute to brain immune responses acting as immunological sentinels. (This extended description was generated by ChatGPT and reviewed by the CellGuide team, who added references, and by the CL editors, who approved it for inclusion in CL. It may contain information that applies only to some subtypes and species, and so should not be considered definitional.) https://cellxgene.cziscience.com/cellguide/CL_0000706 ZFA:0009304 epithelial cell of choroid plexus FMA:70549 A choroid plexus epithelial cell possesses non-motile 9+0 cilia. While these cilia can exhibit transient motility during development, they generally do not contribute significantly to the directional flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Instead, they are primarily involved in sensory functions. choroid plexus cell cerebrospinal fluid secretion Homo sapiens choroid plexus epithelium