fibroblast pancreatic stellate cell 2010-11-10T09:40:33Z pancreas stellate cell A cell that is found in the periacinar space of the exocrine pancreas and in perivascular and periductal regions of the pancreas, and has long cytoplasmic processes that encircle the base of the acinus. Expresses several intermediate filament proteins including vimentin and nestin. Shares many of the characteristics of hepatatic stellate cells, but not stellate cells of the central nervous system. Upon activation, this cell type undergoes morphological and gene expression changes that make the cell suggestive of being a type of myofibroblast. PaSC MESH:D058954 Pancreatic stellate cells, also known as PSCs, are a specific type of cell comprising 4-7% the pancreas, specifically the exocrine glandular tissue. In their quiescent state, these cells are characterized by a star-like appearance with long cytoplasmic processes, and store vitamin A droplets in their cytoplasm. The primary roles of pancreatic stellate cells are related to the production, degradation, and reorganization of the extracellular matrix in the pancreas. When activated by injury or stress, they transform into myofibroblast-like cells, beginning to proliferate, migrate and produce large amounts of extracellular matrix proteins that can lead to the fibrosis seen in chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatic stellate cells are also responsible for the synthesis of various growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines, each playing a significant role in the complex network of paracrine and autocrine signaling pathways within the pancreatic tissue. These cells have been implicated in the progression of pancreatic cancer. Activated PSCs can stimulate the growth, invasion, and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells. They also help form a dense, fibrous 'shield' around cancer cells, known as desmoplasia, which can make it more difficult for anticancer drugs to reach their target. Thus, a lot of research is being conducted on how to control or modify the behavior of pancreatic stellate cells to treat chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. (This extended description was generated by ChatGPT and reviewed by the CellGuide team, who added references, and by the CL editors, who approved it for inclusion in CL. It may contain information that applies only to some subtypes and species, and so should not be considered definitional.) https://cellxgene.cziscience.com/cellguide/CL_0002410 stromal cell of pancreas Homo sapiens