has_evidence_item
evidence_line_strength
evidence_direction
information
information content entity
evidence line
An evidence line is created through the interpretation of one or more pieces of information that collectively support a meaningful argument for or against a proposition. To qualify as an Evidence Line, this argument must be independently significant as evidence - i.e. it must be capable of affecting the probability of accepting the target proposition as true. This does not mean, however, that it is independently sufficient to establish belief in the proposition, as additional evidence lines may be required to ultimately accept the proposition as true.
For example, in the ACMG framework for variant interpretations establishes "absence in population databases" as a type of evidence line that can argue for the pathogenicty of a particular variant. But this argument alone is not considered sufficient to establish a variant's pathogencity, as the other types of evidence are additionally required to establish the truth of this Proposition (e.g. a line of evidence demonstrating the variant to have a deleterious effect on protein function, or showing it to segregate with disease features in a family tree).
evidence-based argument
An evidence line represents an independent and meaningful argument for or against a particular proposition, that is based on the interpretation of one or more pieces of information as evidence.
An example of an evidence line would be the argument that a finding such as "Lepr1 KO mice exhibit lower blood glucose levels than matched WT controls" makes in support of the proposition that "Lepr1 gene is involved in diabetes". The Evidence Items supporting this line of evidence could include experimental data from a study exploring blood glucose levels in Lepr1 KO mice, such as a 548.5 mg/dl measurement of blood glucose in a Lepr<tm1b/tm1b> mutant mouse, or a 1.3951e-24 p-value indicating this measure to be significantly different from wild-type mice.
Here, the finding and its supporting data exist independently of their use as evidence. An evidence line based on this finding comes into existence only when an agent interprets this finding as providing a meaningful argument for a particular proposition, in the act of making an assertion.
(This example is based on data from the IMPC record here: http://bit.ly/2t4J1TI)
evidence strength
evidence item
evidence direction